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Learning about social life and institutions in younger school-age in case of mild mental retardation
Vojtíšková, Marika ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with learning about social life and institutions in case of children with mild mental retardation. The authoress summarizes the Jean Piaget's theory of moral development (especially known from studies The Moral Judgment of the Child and La psychologie de l'enfant), anteriorly each stage (anomy; heteronomy; autonomy). This theory is compared to learning about social life and institutions as described in Czech Framework Education Programme (Rámcový vzdělávací program), called Man and His World. The core of this text is using Piaget's and his followers' research methods on a sample of children with mild mental retardation from the Prague practical school named LOPES. The structured interview method examined probands of two age groups understanding three stories containing different types of morally problematic situations (telling untruth, property damage, causing an unpleasant situation). Text also describes pilot study that helps to set method more accurate. The bachelor thesis at its end provides a summary of research results and their reflection by special educational teacher (without knowledge of the sample of children). That verifies the wider validity of conclusions and lays the foundation for further research.
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Children's Philosophical Abilities: An Interdisciplinary Inquiry Into Children's Ability To Practice Philosophy
Abou Khalil, Charbel ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Umbelino, Luis (referee) ; Pourtois, Hervé (referee)
Title: Children's Philosophical Abilities: An Interdisciplinary Inquiry Into Children's Ability To Practice Philosophy. Author: Abou Khalil, Charbel Supervisor: Maesschalck, Marc Academic year: 2020-2021 Title of the study programme: Erasmus Mundus Master's Degree in French and German Philosophies: Contemporary Challenges. Abstract: Is the child capable of philosophising? The doxa answers in the negative. In fact, childhood has long been equated with intellectual immaturity. According to the work of Jean Piaget, which continues to guide many current pedagogical practices, philosophy, requiring inner dialogue, abstraction, and formal logic, is inaccessible to children whose thinking is egocentric, concrete and irrational. Yet, since the 1970s, we have witnessed the emergence of new pedagogical practices, designed for the philosophical education of children from the age of five: Philosophy for Children (P4C), advocated by Matthew Lipman, is based on the principle of educational interventionism, and seeks to challenge the child's reason in order to discover its dormant cognitive potential. With its theoretical foundations in John Dewey's pragmatism and Lev Vygotsky's social constructivism, it opposes the Piagetian conception of cognitive development and challenges the three characteristics of the child's...
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Moral Reasoning of People with Mild intellectual Disability
Hradilová, Tereza ; Němec, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Felcmanová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyse the moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, as well as to find out their understanding of more abstract terms of the moral domain, what the principle of their deciding is, and which values are important for them. In the first part, the thesis concentrates on the influence of the intellectual disability on the cognitive, emotional and personality aspects of the subjects. It also introduces several theories of the moral development, moral structure and values, and finally, the thesis presents the outcomes of the foreign research focused on the moral reasoning of people with intellectual disability. In six case studies in the empirical part, the thesis demonstrates the moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, who have been respondents of exploratory interviews. In the concluding part, the thesis attempts to find some identical significant moments which might be characteristic of moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, and put them into the context of other research and theories.
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Selected Problems of Moral Education in the Contemporary Society
Hradilová, Tereza ; Strouhal, Martin (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to analyse the change of value orientation by society evolution since the Enlightenment to the postmodern situation. Next aim is the analysis of the actual state of moral education at school. At first, the thesis focuses attention on the causes of the changes of accents in value sphere, initiated in the Enlightenment and leading to postmodern situation. Furthermore, the thesis resumes the problem of personal moral development, describes the situation of moral education at school and tries to identify these methods of moral education which could be used in the moral education considering the contemporary situation in society and the trends in the value orientation of children and youth. In this context, the thesis also looks for the answer on question, which values are nowadays necessary to be educated. Key words: moral education, Enlightenment, postmodern, postmodern situation, moral development, Jean Piaget, Lawrence Kohlberg, moral dilemma, General educational programme, ethic education, values, individualisation of moral character, methods of moral education
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Learning about social life and institutions in younger school-age in case of mild mental retardation
Vojtíšková, Marika ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with learning about social life and institutions in case of children with mild mental retardation. The authoress summarizes the Jean Piaget's theory of moral development (especially known from studies The Moral Judgment of the Child and La psychologie de l'enfant), anteriorly each stage (anomy; heteronomy; autonomy). This theory is compared to learning about social life and institutions as described in Czech Framework Education Programme (Rámcový vzdělávací program), called Man and His World. The core of this text is using Piaget's and his followers' research methods on a sample of children with mild mental retardation from the Prague practical school named LOPES. The structured interview method examined probands of two age groups understanding three stories containing different types of morally problematic situations (telling untruth, property damage, causing an unpleasant situation). Text also describes pilot study that helps to set method more accurate. The bachelor thesis at its end provides a summary of research results and their reflection by special educational teacher (without knowledge of the sample of children). That verifies the wider validity of conclusions and lays the foundation for further research.
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How do the younger school age children conceptualize the moral problems in their games?
Pastíriková, Jana ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Viktorová, Ida (referee)
This bachelor thesis is aimed on play of younger school age children. Particularly to examinate the paradox of establishing moral autonomy based on cooperation in the game in contrast with elements of competition, rivalry and arguments that are also often occur. How children understand and deal with morally problematic situations I investigated through qualitative research in the children collective. As data collection method I used involved observations in children's collective. Then I conducted semi-structured interviews with selected children and the teacher. This way structured research helped me to understand the rules of games and how children approached them. After that I could describe and analyze why children interrupted their games and how would they deal with it afterwards. I found out that morally problematic situations in the game often led to it ́s discontinuation. But in the end children always tried to restore the game through cooperation. This cooperation also continued during the whole game so players could gain pleasure and fun from the game. The effort to win was also very important in their games, because it helped improve the quality of the whole game.
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Interactive spacial objects as a medium of developement of cognitive functions in early school age
BALADOVÁ, Barbora
The Bachelor thesis deals with development of early school-aged children. Above all, I mainly focused on development. Therefore, the result of this thesis is the three-dimensional object including table games, which should help the individual to make a progress in psychological development. The thesis has a theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part is focused on logical-mathematical and spatial intelligence. Hence, are placed in the exterior, where they are available to all children.
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Possibilities and limits of preschool education of french language based on the example of the international preschool Blue Sky
VESELÁ, Šárka
This diploma thesis is focused on the topic of preschool education of french language, its possibilities and limits. The question is considered from a psychological perspective and the starting point is the mental evolution of child. The main aim is to discover if it?s possible to teach french language in the early years, from three to six years old, and, if so, how and with which results. Investigations were conducted in two preschools for which the author prepared and with a native speaker taught french lessons. Final results of this thesis follow from this personal experience of the author.
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