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Comparison of the Position of the Presidents of Poland and Slovakia
Klapal, Ondřej ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Kubátová, Hana (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Comparison of the Position of Presidents of Poland and Slovakia" compares positions of the heads of states of the two neighbouring countries. It focuses mainly on the Third Polish Republic and the independent Slovak Republic but it deals with previous periods too. Due to the fact that the classification of the countries as parliamentarism or semi-presidentialism is one of the aims of the thesis, one part focuses on theory of these democratic political systems and position of presidents in them. Constitutional powers in relation to other parts of state power are not the only problem analyzed. Part of the thesis describes also the real position of the presidents. Comparison of constitutional and real powers of presidents of Poland and Slovakia verified thesis that Polish president is more powerful than his Slovak counterpart, but it can be applied only for real powers. Their constitutional powers are similar.
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The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto
Gřešák, Martin ; Gronský, Ján (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto" discourses both provisions, which integrate the institution of the president of the republic in constitution, and the virtual implementation of this uppermost authority in the state. At the beginning, the thesis deals with the historical dimension of the issue. It speaks of the general development and history of the office in Czech lands. Hereupon a depiction of the theoretical extent of this office follows. A large verge is devoted to the placement and the powers of the president in the constitution. The pragmatic part of the thesis consists of two case studies. The first one deals with the presidency of Václav Havel. The second one deals with the execution of the office by Václav Klaus. An extra attention is paid to the analysis of the accordance between the theoretical and pragmatic pursuance of the office of president of the Czech Republic.
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Magna Charta and It's Road Through English (British) Constitutional History
Černík, Přemysl ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis takes a look at the most important traces Magna Carta has left on its peculiar road through constitutional history. It also analyzes the facts, motifs and contemporary opinions that concern the document through the prism of present-day critical perspective and tries to connect events in a retrospective way, using knowledge, acquired and shared, by modern historians, political scientists and sociologists. The main focus is to illustrate Magna Carta not merely as a legal document, which has in consequence largely contributed to the formulation and codification of basic rights of individual human beings, but also as a metamorphic phenomenon, that on many occasions has turned out to be a powerful pacifist weapon in the hands of great historical minds. The thesis uses a platform from the three most important time periods when the document was brought to light, adapted to the current situation, and used in order to help to enforce political changes. Along with the historical, political and legal importance, the thesis also concentrates on the social, philosophical, and sentimental value of Magna Carta. The work is divided into three principal parts. The first one deals with the origin of Magna Carta in 1215. It provides the historical background for the events accompanying the formation of...
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The Origin of the Constitution 1920
Stárková, Jitka ; Doubek, Vratislav (advisor) ; Pehr, Michal (referee)
and key words This thesis is dealing with the foundation of the first Czechoslovakian constitution from 1920 and focusing on the role of Antonín Švehla in the process itself. The introductory parts dissert on the role of Antonín Švehla as an agrarian politician - his politics in the period before the formation of the Czechoslovakian Republic and consequently his politics during the first three years of the function of the new state. The next chapters analyze the actual foundation and acceptation of the constitution in 1920. In my thesis, I am concerned with an unofficial negotiation of constitution, the progress of the work of the constitutional Committee and the consequential discussion about constitutional model in the Revolutionary national assembly. I have chosen a procedure of working with a particular thematic aspects of the constitution and not the constitution as a complex. This method helps to highlight the friction between the concept of the constitution and Švehla's ideas. The chapters dealing with the constitution are ended by the evaluation of the content. The thesis ends up with the analysis of the role of Švehla as a politicial who worked on the creation of the constitution. Key words: constitution, Antonín Švehla, constitutional Committee, Revolutionary national assembly.
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Reflection of the referendum and change of the constitution in Belarus 2004 in the Czech press
Drahovzalová, Michala ; Příhoda, Marek (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the referendum and constitutional change in Belarus in 2004 and the response of these events in the Czech press. The first part is theoretical, trying to define the form of the current political regime of Lukashenka's Belarus. The second part chronologically charts the political development in the country. This chapter covers the period shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the events of the nineties and the turn of the century followed by the discussed referendum and constitutional change. The third part provides an analysis of the Czech press - selected newspapers, socio-political magazines and professional journals - with an emphasis on their response to the referendum and related events.
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The Constitution of the Habsburg Monarchy in the first of 19th century in comparison with the Polish Constitution of 3rd May
Burešová, Pavla ; Adamová, Karolina (advisor) ; Starý, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of the Constution of first half of the 19th century in Habsburg Monarchy (The Pillersdorf constitution, The Kremsier constitution and The Stadion constitution) and with the analysis of the Polish Constitution of 3rd May from the year 1791. The first section describes constitutionalism as a concept. It is followed by an overview of previous historical events, which have great influence of the constitutional progress in the Habsburg monarchy in the previous period. The third chapter describes The Pillersdorf constitution, the fourth chapter is dedicated to The Kremsier consitution (and The Kremsier Assembly) and the fifth chapter discusses The Stadion constitution. Then is following by short section which is evaluating the influence of Austrian constitution on subsequent development of constitutionalism in Habsburg Monarchy. The seventh chapter is devoted to Polish Constitution of 3rd May and describes naturally also historical reasons for adoption of this constitutional text and an internal political situation in Poland especially during the 18th century. The last one but very important chapter consists from comparison of the Polish constitution and of Austrian constitution. This part compares all the constitutional texts in a brief summary and tries to find main...
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Constitutional development in England in the 17th century
Šulcová, Petra ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Císař, Jaromír (referee)
Constitutional development in England in the 17th century summary This thesis deals with an important period in English constitutional history. It focuses on the position of English kings and their dispute with English parliament over decisive power in the state. It attempts to describe the main changes in position of the English king and considers significance of the 17th century especially for the later development of parliamentary form of English government. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. First chapter describes the system of English law including common law, case law or law of equity and important royal prerogatives of the king for example the right to summon or dissolve parliament, to appoint judges of common law courts and royal councillors and also events of previous century, specially establishing the Church of England when house of Tudor ruled in England. Furthermore it briefly follows the historical development of parliament and its powers. Next chapters are divided according to the traditional periods of the century to years 1600-1640, 1640-1660 and 1660-1700. Individual subchapters concentrate on reign of each Stuart king. Chief attention is given to the dramatic reign of Charles I. in relation to the English civil war and execution of the king. Dispute between English kings and...
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The Role of the Office of President on Origin and Formation of Belorussian Authoritarian Regime
Tatun, Marina ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Žídková, Markéta (referee)
Republic of Belarus is one of the 15 countries of the former USSR. On 1 January 1992 the country became an independent republic. The first task of the newly established state was the creation of a Constitution. This process was started in 1990 when on 15 March 1994 the Supreme Soviet approved the final edition of the Consitution. Subsequently presidential elections won by A. Lukashenko took place and several months later elections to the National Assembly - newly established Parliament of the Republic of Belarus. In years 1995 and 1996 were hold all-people's referendums in which were supported changes in the Constitution, which led to a change of political system of the Republic of Belarus. These changes mainly meant a transition from a parliamentary republic to the authoritarian regime under leadership of A. Lukashenko. After the last constitutional change approved by referendum in 2004, from the text of the Constitution was removed item dealing with term limits. The work deals with the current political regime and its process of formation after fall down of the Soviet Union.
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