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Syntactic Analysis Based on Special Models
Zámečníková, Eva ; Masařík, Karel (referee) ; Lukáš, Roman (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is dealing with translation based on coupled finite automaton. Coupled finite automaton contains input and output automaton. The input automaton makes syntactic analysis with an input string. Used rules from the input automaton control the output automaton, which generates an output string. Basic topic of this thesis is determinisation of the input automaton without loss of information about rules used in original automaton.
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Ambiguity in teaching historical topics at primary school
Matějová, Veronika ; Dvořáková, Michaela (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
The thesis focuses on the ambiguity in teaching historical topics at ISCED 1 level of education, portraying a teaching method aimed at developing pupils' ability to perceive and reflect upon the ambiguity in teaching history. This ambiguity is demonstrated on historical events concerning Jan Hus. The objective is to develop a thematic unit on ambiguity of approach to historical facts, then to reflect upon the implementation and to outline suggestions for further work. In the beginning the thesis shows the importance of studying history, the changes to teaching the subject in elementary schools throughout time, the concept of historical thinking, memory and multiperspectivity. The practical part documents and reflects upon a process, that was implemented with groups of elementary school pupils. Than analyszs and interprets pupils' outputs. The conclusion contains modifications to the unit, suggested in such a way, that they entice the students' capabilities to interpret matter and to form an argument, as well as their historical thinking and their ability to reflect upon the ambiguity of teaching history, as much as possible.
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Merleau-Ponty and the Modern Art as a Means of Return to the Lifeworld
Roček, Tomáš ; Švec, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
The thesis addresses the topic of lifeworld in the work of Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. The first part describes the context surrounding the genesis of the notion of lifeworld in Husserl. The notion came about as a reaction to the crisis of sciences as perceived by Husserl, characterized by the loss of meaning, as science can no longer answer the substantial questions of human existence. A return to the natural world is then enabled by the transcendental epoché. The second part is devoted to Merleau-Ponty for whom lifeworld does not denote the realm of original self-evidences, as in Husserl, but a space of lively communication to which we are led by modern art, especially painting. According to Merleau-Ponty, modern art evinces ambiguity that rests in its inconclusiveness and multisidedness of its potential interpretation. The aim of the thesis is to show that this ambiguity corresponds to the ambiguity in lifeworld, the latter being constituted by the opposition of the seen and the seer that are subject to unending reversibility. The structure of lifeworld corresponds to the structure of modern art as understood by Merleau-Ponty.
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Use of Sense Relations in Expressing Language Humour: TV Series Analysis
Kopicová, Linda ; Matuchová, Klára (advisor) ; Vít, Radek (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on sense relations, the syntagmatic and the paradigmatic axis, and their use in expressing language humour. The analysis was carried out in a corpus extracted from the TV series Friends and How I Met Your Mother. It strives to answer the question whether the sitcoms display the same number of comical incidences both in the first and the last season. Furthermore, it sheds some light on the linguistic realizations employed and the way they operate to trigger laughter. Finally, the thesis provides an insight into the universal tendencies of humour realizations and their reflection in the amassed data.
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Structural ambiguity based on the grammatical indeterminacy of the ing-nonfinite form in subject position
Vojtěch, Albert ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Šaldová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with the structural ambiguity of constructions similar to Flying planes can be dangerous, where the ambiguity can arise due to the grammatical indeterminacy of ing- nonfinite form that can be interpreted both as gerund and participle. The ambiguity is analysed on the basis of the transitivity of ing-nonfinite form and subsequently on its semantic compatibility with the noun in the role of subject and object, in the ideal case the ambiguity and compatibility is tested further in the sentence context. The first part, the theoretical background presents us with what the secondary sources say to the phenomenon of ambiguity, distinguishes the types of ambiguity and also covers the grammatical description of non-finite verb forms. The Second part, material and method, describes the method of sampling, which brought us 2 samples extracted from British National Corpus. First sample comprises of 25 instances of "ing-nonfinite form + noun + verb constructions" (sg/pl, type of verb and verb tense are not restricted) and the second sample comprises of 100 instances of similar constructions, however the verb following the noun has been restricted on formal grounds for verb tense, verb type and number in order not to represent a hindrance for the ambiguity. The third, analytical part comprises...
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The trickster in Herman Melville's The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade and the works of Charles W.Chesnutt
Kyselová, Alžběta ; Robbins, David Lee (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee)
Tricksters are popular cultural and literary characters which appear across regions and genres in various forms. The characters Uncle Julius from The Conjure Woman collection of short stories by Charles W. Chesnutt, and the confidence man from Herman Melville's The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade are both tricksters who are based on strong cultural backgrounds: the African(- American) religious trickster, and real life con artist William Thompson, respectively. This thesis sets out to compare the tricksters in thematic and structural elements. The origins of the literary characters help shape the readers' expectations and perception of the tricksters. Melville and Chesnutt encourage the stereotypical reading of the characters while also including an alternative one in the text. The conflict of perceptions serves to introduce a number of social topics regarding slavery in The Conjure Woman and self-reliance in The Confidence-Man, both of which ultimately point to the problematic distribution of freedom in American society. The tricksters appear both as literary characters and literary devices, corresponding with the ambiguous nature of the trickster archetype.
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Characteristics of the context differentiating homonyms of the same word class (e.g. "bank"," palm") in written language
Šefčík, Dominik ; Dušková, Libuše (advisor) ; Tichý, Ondřej (referee)
Homonyms present considerable difficulties not only for the theoretician of language but also for any lexicographer who aims to adequately represent the state of lexical relations within a language. Mapping the principal causes of fuzziness in understanding homonymy, the present thesis first seeks to systematize the usage of the concept by discussing the two poles that characterize each homonymic pair: the notion of sameness on the one hand and the notion of difference on the other. The theoretical part of the thesis concludes with a brief disputation over the usual practice of subsuming homonymy under the heading of ambiguity. The research project uses ambiguity as a springboard for a detailed three-tier analysis of the homonyms bank and palm. Since the point of convergence of almost any treatment of homonymy is the disambiguating role attributed to context, the principal points that are analysed are all to do with context albeit on various levels of abstraction. The first tier looks at the structure of the noun phrases that contain the analysed homonyms. The second tier expands the understanding of context in order to embrace the whole clause with a view to discovering systemic variation in the type of clause element the examined homonyms tend to occur in. Finally, the third tier analyses the...
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Syntactic Analysis Based on Coupled Finite Automata
Zámečníková, Eva ; Masařík, Karel (referee) ; Lukáš, Roman (advisor)
Master's thesis is dealing with translation based on coupled finite automaton model. Coupled finite automaton contains input and output automaton. The input automaton makes syntactic analysis with an input string. Used rules from the input automaton control the output automaton, which generates an output string. In thesis is described a way of determinisation of the input automaton without loss of information about rules used in original automaton. The determinizitaion is divided into two parts - for finite and infinite translation specified by transducers. Then is presented a new pair automaton with increased computing power. This increased computing power consists in replace of input or output or just a part of automaton by context free grammar.
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An Automatic Configuration of Services of Operating System
Schiffer, Peter ; Peringer, Petr (referee) ; Smrčka, Aleš (advisor)
This Master thesis describes the configuration of operating systems and their capabilities. It introduces differences between configuration of different operating systems according to their specialization, and it introduces advanced configuration of operating systems with third-party applications. The practical part of the thesis is a design of a new computer language aimed at describing a configuration of an operating system and its services. Such a description is used to automatically configure system services by translating it to a sequence of configuration commands. An advantage of the language is its readability by a human, but its similarity with natural languages introduces a certain level of ambiguity. The proposed method of automatic generation of commands deals with the ambiguity by searching and selecting as least as possible destructive commands.
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Localization of a Moving Target using a MIMO Radar System
Šulc, Martin ; Vychodil, Petr (referee) ; Škorpil, Vladislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to estimate parameters of the moving target using different radar configurations. First the Doppler effect and the time delay of the received signal is examined. The investigation of these phenomenons is made for radial and non-radial movement of simple monostatic radar configuration and after that for the bistatic and multistatic MIMO configuration. The ambiguity function is presented for all these configurations. The ambiguity function is then used to estimate target parameters from the received signal. The received signal model and ambiguity function for the monostatic radar configuration is developed using Matlab software. Finally the practical use of these implementations is presented and compared.
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