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Sunshine, the snow melts during the day, but freezes at night (The fifties in Kutna Hora)
Kamenář, Jan ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Nováková, Tamara (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the history of Kutná Hora in 1950's. It contains a description of the period between years 1948 - 1960. The period, during which the most important political and cultural changes but also the toughest repressions against the people took place all around the Czechoslovakia (majority of the changes and repressions was caused by the communist leadership). These years were the period of huge political purges and processes, violent collectivization and many other precautions which were only meant to provide the communists with all the power over the country. The main aim of this thesis is to introduce the situation in Kutná Hora during 1950's and to give the reader a complex overview of the local political and cultural background. All the institutions which determined everyday life in Kutná Hora are described in this thesis. The author focuses especially on the activity of The Local National Committee, courts and individual cultural institutions. The author used archive funds, historic press and specialized literature.
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Richard Nixon and His Attitude towards Communism between 1950 and 1960
Bandžak, Richard ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The main objective of this paper is to confirm, or reject the thesis stating that Richard Nixon had exploited the issue of Communism to favor his political goals. And that he had adjusted his views on Communism according to the contemporary political and social situation. Richard Nixon was a significant Republican politician who had become well known warrior against Communism after the World War II. He, for example, had built his senatorial campaign of 1950 on anti-communist rhetoric attacking his opponent. Strong anti-communist rhetoric was together with his loud criticism of Truman administration a typical characteristic of Nixon. During his vice-presidential office he began to abandon his aggressive tactic. If one considers his later presidential initiative supporting the Sino-American rapprochement, it is worth analyzing whether his anti-communist statements were used in pursuit of his own political goals, or based on an ideology.
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Social and political functions of poetry in media communication
Knéblová, Michaela ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Batistová, Anna (referee)
The thesis examines the role of poetry from the official Czechoslovak Communist Party newspaper Rudé právo ("Red Law") between 1948 and 1953. It analyzes and interprets selected poetry in the context of major holidays and events, and uses this to describe some of the myths of the time and their symbolic meaning. Using essays and public speeches from thematic conferences and congresses, it describes the development of poetry and journalism in this crucial historical period as well as examines their role and mission. This is used to report on socialist realism in literature and provide testimonies of prominent political and cultural figures of the time on literature, poetry, and journalism. Furthermore, it shows how the front pages of Rudé právo were designed on special occasions and what some of the texts contained. The thesis also introduces the most important socialist holidays, explains their context, and opens up the issue of the societal role of them and the way they are presented. Finally, the thesis also contains information on the the "Pracující do literatury" ("Workers for Literature") campaign. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Compared portrayal of a family in the sitcoms of 50' with the current ones
Běhavá, Aneta ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Sládková, Hana (referee)
The work deals with the comparison of the 4 US sitcoms from the fifties and from the present. For the example of four sitcoms: Father Knows Best; Leave It to Beaver; The New Adventure of Old Christine and The Middle; it tries to track changes in the family, the status of individual family members and behavior among family members. It also tries to map the wide-social changes in the form of emancipation, values, norms and stereotypes. Likewise it tries to observe technological changes both in content and in the form of shooting. For better understanding, the first part describes the history and development of the sitcom genre, as well as the integration between genres and its reflection on society.The second part deals with the description of listed sitcoms and the results from the observations.At first in the work are discussed the details of the changes in the family then the changes in the broader context of the whole society.
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The life of secret agent Vojtěch Kučera: microhistorical study
Veselý, Vojtěch ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis intends to introduce the life story of Vojtěch Kučera, "agent-walker", who undertook at least twenty-six illegal border crossing across Czechoslovakia border during the years 1946 - 1954. During his last illegal border crossing he was catched, accused of espionage and then sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in the year 1955. The first part of the thesis is based on three variations of Kučera's life story. These three stories are constructed (and later deconstructed ) by using informations from family memories, Kučera's statement as well as from the film Agent K vypovídá. The second part of the thesis is based on several microhistorical probes. By using microhistorical analysis we aim to understand Kučera's thinking, behaving and motivations.
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The view of american film in the Fifties in Czechoslovakia
Poliačik, Cyril ; Kopeček, Michal (advisor) ; Koura, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with the view of American film formed by the journalists in Czechoslovakian film periodicals in the period after the second world war and in the fifties. My goal was to show how much the point of view of Czechoslovakian film journalists on American film changed during this period, which topics were discussed and to what extent was the view identical to the ideology of CPC. In the thesis I worked with the the film periodicals, mostly with periodicals Kino, Filmová práce, Filmové noviny and communist cultural magazine Tvorba. The first chapter deals with the cultural and political situation, mostly in the third republic, it particularly focuses on film periodicals and film journalists. The second chapter presents the image of American film presented in Czechoslovakian film periodicals. This chapter consists of five parts, where first part is introductional and gives definitions of specific phenomenons and the other four parts explain the image of American film on concrete themes. First chapter is about cultural and political situacion, mostly in third republic, with focus on film periodicals and film journalists. Second chapter is the view of american film present in Czechoslovakian film periodicals. This chapter consist of five parts, where first part is general introduction and defined...
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Children of 50th years. Family Memory in Families of Political Prisoners
Olšák, Miroslav ; Houda, Přemysl (advisor) ; Doskočil, Zdeněk (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with family memory of 1950s Czechoslovak political prisoners. Its two major questions are: Is there a well preserved story in an actual family memory of a family ancestor who was politically persecuted and imprisoned in the period after 1948 and is his story preserved without significant shifts from reality? Given topic is being analyzed throughout a story of three particular families - those of Bedřich Fučík, Ladislav Jehlička and Karel Procházka. These three political prisoners died already, therefore were the subject of examination records of three generations of their descendents. Primary sources for this thesis are thus personal interviews with these family members. Both archive sources and original texts written byl Bedřich Fučík and Ladislav Jehlička were also used. Individual interviews have shown that a story of their ancestor is well perserved in family memory, but every particular family or narrator have their own specificities. Some narrators have shown major shifts from reality, whereas others have not. Key words political prisoners, 1950s, family memory, communist regime, oral history
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: The Interpretation of Funeral Rituals in Czechoslovakia in 1950s
Tesař, Jan ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Kopeček, Michal (referee)
(in English) The main topic of this thesis is both analysis and interpretation of the relationship between funeral rites, political power and society. Funeral rites are understood as a complex of performative, symbolic social acts, which are themselves comprised of various distinctive phases and signs. The meaning of these acts and signs is important because it can change the features and practice of the collective it is assigned to. The main purpose of this thesis is not only to perform a thick description of different kinds of communist funeral rite in the given time period but to interprate it in the wider social and cultural context as well. The concept of political religion as a heuristic tool was used in the thesis in order to distinguish an ambivalent nature of communist ideology which manifested itself in funeral rites. Funeral rites are analyzed as models for human behavior, which represent key values and norms of communist ideology. At the same time, funeral rites are analyzed as forms of cultural management. That is the reason, why are put under scrutiny not only the rites which are significant for society as a whole but also the funeral rites of individual actors.
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Magazine Květen
Mečíř, Vojtěch ; Houda, Přemysl (advisor) ; Franc, Martin (referee)
Kveten was a monthly magazine for literature and art (and by its third year also for "life"), which was published under the auspices of the Union of Czechoslovak Writers from September 1956 to June 1959. It was founded as a magazine for "aspiring writers", but quite soon this concept proved to be unsustainable and members of the editorial board started to give the magazine its own new look, which got even a more comprehensible form during the II. Czechoslovak Writers Congress, after young poets (and theorists) manifested the "Poetry of Everyday Life". It was, however, defined quite generally and maybe even vaguely, which is the fact the authors were struggling with during the following year. At the same time they are exposed to the pressure of official authorities as "anti-revisionism" began to destroy liberal environment that prevailed around 1956. Kveten tried to resist this tendency. In addition, at that time young theorists found a firmer basis, which gradually became unacceptable for the regime. At the beginning of 1959 there comes a wave of heavy critcism and results in abolishing the magazine. In my thesis I demonstrate through archival research, oral history and semiotic analysis that despite the abolition the management of Kveten maintained the principle of "partiality" and is guilty rather for...
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The collectivization of agriculture in village Puklice, commune near Jihlava, 1949 - 1960
TARAS, Jaroslav
Diploma thesis The collectivization of agriculture in village Puklice 1949 - 1959 deals not only with the period which is mentioned in the title of this work but it also tries to cover the agricultural development of Jihlava´s region and district considering Puklice as the concrete example in the period from the end of the Second World War to the beginning of the sixtieth. An important event in history of all Jihlava´s region is connected with the end of the Second World War, the initial point of this interval. This region was settled by German inhabitants from 13th century and these Germans were displaced. Their post-war expulsion meant an appreciable interference to the economic expansion of this region. In years 1959 ? 1960 the rebuilding of a village according to the communist model ? the socialization of the village - was finished. This date is also associated with the end of Jihlava´s region as an administrative region existing from 1949 for the whole process of collectivization in agriculture. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the process of collectivization in agriculture during the 1950´s in the instance of one region and one concrete village because this period was decisive in the towards of socialism in Czechoslovakia and it influenced the country to the contemporary days. At the same time the work should contain the negative side of the collectivization ? the mass unlawfulness against the innocent people. Last but not least the work makes an effort to broaden people?s mind that relates to the socialization of the country in region Jihlavsko. Our source of information was, in addition to the technical literature focused on agriculture and political situations of the 1950´s, archival materials, a local chronicle and also personal memories of the living contemporaries and the participants of agricultural collectivization.
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