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Test anxiety in perspective of the graduation exam
Slavík, Radovan ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Pavelková, Isabella (referee) ; Grambal, Aleš (referee)
The subject of this thesis is test anxiety in Czech secondary school students in perspective of the graduation exam and its influence over their overall academic performance in this exam. Results of a study conducted in the academic year 2017/2018 among 439 graduating secondary school students in six secondary schools in Prague is presented The aim of the study was to verify a test anxiety model based on Lazarus's transactional model of stress, Ellis's cognitive A-B-C model and other subsequent models of different authors (e.g. Hodapp and Rost). The model used in this study thus approaches test anxiety as a form of a stress reaction that consists of three successive steps: (A) activating event in the form of a test situation, (B) cognitive appraisal, and (C) emotional and behavioral consequences part of which is the academic performance. Both steps B and C further consist of a variety of unique components and outcomes. Quantitative data collected with the utilization of an extensive test battery of eight self- evaluating tests, an anamnestic questionnaire and exam results allowed for a further statistical elaboration. Multiple linear regression, Spearman correlation and factor analysis were utilized to reduce total number of variables of the original theoretical model so that it would better and...
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Relationships among children of younger school age
Bieliková, Monika ; Viktorová, Ida (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
v anglickém jazyce This thesis focuses on relationships among school age children and particularly among a class of 3rd graders. The first section of the thesis examines characteristics of individual growing and evolving profiles of eight year old children. The second part of the thesis describes the attributes of a small social group, its social positioning, structures and social roles. The final section of the paper deals with the methods, diagnosis of social positions especially among friends and a description of the research itself. The goal of this thesis is to provide an analysis of the relationships, positions and social status of a particular group of children, including research results and final summary. Klíčová slova v anglickém jazyce Child of younger school age, friendship, role of pupil (schoolchild, schoolmate), social group, sociometry, school class, relationships among children
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Music Therapy with pre-school children
Čadek, Martin ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Doubek, David (referee)
Following study is about music therapy processes within group of preschoolers attending music therapy sessions. The study is directed on group dynamics processes in small group. The main research question is: "Which phenomenons occur in group dynamic process of group integrity and group de-integrity?" these concepts of deintegrity and integrity are linked theoretically with concept of cohesion and tension. The concept of cohesion and tension leads the group into two group states. The first one can be characterized as "cohesiveness" and the following is characterized as "moving apart". The results of study outline what kinds of factors can be found for cohesion and tension for small group of preschoolers in music therapy sessions.
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Placing children in children's diagnostic institutes in the context of social
Mlezivová, Monika ; Procházková, Jana (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the problems of placing children in children's diagnostic institutes in the context of social changes. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis is divided into 4 basic sections that are related to the domain of childhood and adolescence in today's society, possible causes of problematic behaviour of children, where the family plays a crucial role, the causes of placing children in diagnostic institutes and the care for individuals with problematic behaviour or in danger. The central part of my thesis consists of a research survey for which I chose study of documents as the research method. In the research survey I examine two groups of children - from 1991 and from 2006, placed in a children's diagnostic institute in Prague. The first group consists of 118 children and the second one of 112 children placed for diagnostic stay. The main question of the research survey is: What are the similarities and differences between the groups of children placed in the Children's Diagnostic Institute in Prague in 1991 and in 2006? I compared these two groups from the point of view of the following variables: reasons for placing the children in the diagnostic institute, family background, occurrence of behaviour disorders in different age groups and occurrence of behaviour disorders...
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Conception of death perceived by children
Kubáňková, Jarmila ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Klusák, Miroslav (referee) ; Vágnerová, Marie (referee)
The aim of this paper is better understanding how children think about the world and what they know about how it goes there. The ambition of the research is to find meanings that children attach to the death. One of the prerequisites of research is the assumption that images of death can not be asked directly without causing undesirable reduction of potentially rich answers. For this reason, Thematic Apperception test was elected as a tool and the children told stories to a pre-selected board. Eleven children, at the age from 9 to 10 years collaborated on the research. As a comparative sample was subjected to the same test a group of eleven young adults aged 19 to 20 years. Stories of children and adults were subsequently subjected to thematic analysis, one category was the meaning of death for actors in the story. Results of the analysis were then put into context with Klatt (1991).
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Children with deferred school attendance
Rosová, Beata ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Trpišovská, Dobromila (referee)
This dissertation turns to questions of advancement of school preparedness at children with deferred school attendence. In my thesis, I consider possibilities of examination of the school preparedness level, description of its basic elements, and, especially, advisable intervention strategies and corrective proceedings leading to its development. The principal aim of the dissertation is creating of such stimulation program for this group of children which would lead to development of less advanced mental functions, and subsequently, to reduction of presented developmental deficiencies. KEY WORDS School preparedness advancement, deffered school attendance, socialization, intervention, development, central nervous system, maturity, cognitive process, perception, pre-school period, stimulative environment, start in school, adaptation, screening.
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Pre-school aged children with ADHD syndrome
Sklenářová, Gabriela ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
This diploma work revers to the ADHD - syndrom by the population of pre - schoul children. The theoretical part determines the conceptions: the definition of ADHD - syndrom, the cause of its rise, its manifestations, the characterization of this syndrom in the particular evolution periods, the diagnostic, its occurrence in the population. In the theoretical part htere are enumerated the main principles and methods they are used in the upbringing and by the work with this children. The practical part analyse by means of methods of pedagogical diagnostic - watching, conversation with parents and pedagogic start, the analysis of children s work, pedagogic documentation conserning to ADHD - syndrom symptoms by the pre - school children in kindergarten Jince. There is am individua educational project in this work, it s made on the basis of screening technique and result sumarisation of pedagogical diagnostic. This plane is ful - filled in praxis.
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Comparing leadership in boy's, girl's, and mixed groups
Svobodová, Ivana ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
The purpose of this work was to map and to compare the way of leadership of girls, boys and mixed groups. One girl, one boy and one mixed basketball teams were studied. The interview with trainers of these teams were carried out and focused on the problems connected with the leadership of child sports teams. The results of the conducted research show that the differences in the leadership of child sports teams are not important from the point of view of the training structure. The observed differences can be assigned to the different attitude of the trainers to the role of sport in the life of the school-age children. The trainer's ambitions and aims are also the differing influences. The trainer expectations can also influence the way of leadership and support. These expectations are based on ideas of different qualities and abilities of girls and boys and also on the idea of their different motivation to sport. The work with children in the mixed group can be influenced by the fact, that such mixed group has no prospect from the point of view of basketball competitions.
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