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Theories of art evaluation
Neubert, Jiří ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
(EN) Evaluation is an inextricable part of perceiving artworks and therefore it is necessary to study it. Evaluation is always an evaluation of something, it presupposes certain knowledge and idea of what is being evaluated. Evaluation presupposes conceptualization. If we want to say something about art or better of our experience of it and want to be understood and believed, we will need to study our conceptual equipment we use. This paper offers a conceptual minimum, being important, almost inevitable for the evaluation of art. All encounters with art are connected to the consideration of authorship. Concept of the author seems to be with the concept of art more then adherent. Nowadays authorship flounders between complete sovereignty and dissolution. There are theories of artworks, that leave or even protest against the connection between art and author. Art has a long tradition, but the contemporary notio of art is relatively young and conceptually very much laden. On the one side there is ignorance of its character, on the other there are tendencies to fix it forever. Man understanding art as an expression, perceives, looks for meaning and evaluates differently, then the one understands art as an institutinally given status. The manners of thinking art are decisive. The concept of art depends...
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New media theory as ontology of the computer code
Kera, Denisa ; Vlasák, Rudolf (advisor) ; Smetáček, Vladimír (referee) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
The work establishes new media studies in relation to different disciplines that were reflecting contemporary technologies in the 20th century. It emphasizes the likeness o f new media theory to posthumanist philosophy. New media technologies are specific due to the performativity o f the computer code and the overall phenomenon o f software that interconnect different aspects o f the organic and inorganic life. The hybrid and emergent consequences o f this integration o f machines, humans and nature radically challenges our views o f what is technology, society and even what is ontology. Ontology o f the code is an attempt to highlight the dynamic and process driven qualities o f the reality as the ground o f todays technological acceleration. With the help o f the computer codes it generates ever more complex forms o f symbiosis and hybrid collectivity like our cities and the whole globalized society. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Blind spot
Ondráček, Radim ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Král, Oldřich (referee)
The goal of this dissertation is to adumbrate - with the help of few renowned philosophers - the limits of reflexive thinking and to show the fundamentally invisible. Herewith it partially ends up in area of certain non-Iogicalness This work primarily deals with a very important phenomenon, which brings us to the limit of (non)thinkable and (non)visible. It is the phenomenon of blind spot that enables to demonstrate the margin of phenomenology and reflexive thinking in one of its cleanest forms. We ask one important question: How to reflect and phenomenise blind spot? It is not a simple task. The result is the analysis of non-substitutable experience which cannot be replaced neither by any thesis nor by any objective proof. It is just openness to inner disputableness and inabi1ity to describe the experience. The conc1usion is not a proposition but an appeal to the actual readers. They should take a close look themselves and try to determine their blind spot. This work has tried to open the door for this phenomenon and also for another way of thinking which is not so typical of us, for the zen.
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Mutational analysis of manumycin antibiotics biosynthetic routes
Kolek, Jan ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Zikánová, Blanka (referee)
Mutational analysis of manumycin antibiotics biosynthetic routes The manumycin antibiotics are secondary metabolites, which come from a big group of polyketide metabolites. They are produced by bacteria from genus Streptomyces. Manumycin antibiotics are characterized by two linear polyketide chains, which are connected to a central mC7N moiety. The lower chain is often terminated by the C5N moiety. Manumycin metabolites show many biological activities. They have antimicrobial activity, especially against gram-positive bacteria. Next, they posses antifungal, insecticidal or antiinflamatory activities. Manumycins are also potentional anticancer agents. In order to prepare these compounds by the fermentation, the detailed knowledge of their biosynthetic routes is required. Mutational analysis is based on techniques of genetic engineering. Mutational analysis is a useful pool for analysis of biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites and the genes, which are involved in these pathways. This knowledge is essential for application of combinatorial biosynthesis for the design of new metabolites. The new hybrid compound could be used in future as new antibiotics or anticancer drugs. Keywords: manumycin, polyketide, streptomyces, asukamycin
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An attempt to classify the literary motif of a double character
Sekal, Ondřej ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee)
This study aims at working out a consistent typology that might be applied on the literary motif of a double in its entire variety, i. e. from simple comedies with alike brothers and sisters to the stories, the themes of which are the split within the human psyche, the relation of man to his mirror, or painted, image, and the like. It is divided into two basic parts. In the first part, after the reader has been briefly informed of the concept and articulation of this motif by some earlier writers (O. Fischer, E. Frenzel), the author offers his own articulation: the core of the double-motif is a situation in which identities or important properties of a certain subject are mutually exchanged. While the above mentioned earlier writers in their articulation accentuate rather the form of the double-ness, for instance the double-ness based on kindred rather than the double-ness acquired e.g. through a spell, this work dwells on the intention of the double-ness, for example of a double-ness, acquired in whatever way, purposed to cheat or play a game. The proposed typology the starting point of which is basically the semiological concept of sign, works with a whole range of new, or newly used terms, and strives to build up a complex and internally coherent system. The respective terms are exemplified by concrete...
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The automatic image as a translation of life-world
Halák, Jan ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
The automatic image as a translation oj life-world The author's aim is to trace down the basic tendencies of phenomenality, introduced into the lifeworld by means of the automatic image, by understending this medium as a translation of the style of appearing of beings. He joins the critique of the modem understanding of being as the presence in the consciousness of subject and discems a parallel between the modem repraesentatio and the photographic image. By criticising the conception od V. Flusser, the paper (meanwhile negatively) disawovs the possibility of eliminating the corporeity and the non-positivity of meaning by means of the photographic image. The paper then analyses the specific space oj the image as this is its medium of revealing. This pictorial space is principally determinned by perspective projection, yet this is what eliminates the corporeity (chair) of both recipient and the world - and due to this the non-positivity of the field of appearence of things. Newertheless the projection preserves the topologic dimension of the space of the image. The autor then focuses on the Merleau-Ponty' s conception of "vertical Being" and attempts to trace down the relation between the topologic arrangement and the chiasma of perceptive perspectives. To deliver the photographic image from its strictly...
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Semiotic interpretation of Kant's aesthetics
Šlerka, Josef ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Ševčík, Miloš (referee)
The Semiotic lnterpretation of Kanťs Aesthetics deals with the relations between Peirce's serniotic concepts and some aspects of Kant' s philosophy and aesthetics. The first part, named Peirce And His Philosophy, presents basic terms and concepts of Peirce's philosophy. The second part, named Kanťs aesthetics, identifies some mutual elements of Peirce's and Kanťs approach. Therefore it interprets some basic concepts of Kanťs philosophy and aesthetics as semiotic, namely it tries to define the concept of beauty and sublimity by means of Peirce's distinction of icon and index. In the following analysis the text focuses on the aspect of subjectivation and sensuality in the experience of beauty and sublimity. Finally, the third part, named The Leve/s of Thought, shows that this interpretation belongs to a wider context of human thought levels based on the axes of the irrational/rational and absurdity/active skepticism.
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Fedor Girenok in the context of Russian philosophy
Filová, Simona ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee)
This paper presents and interprets the conceptions of pat, neopaganism, Russia, language and philosophy in the works of contemporary Russian philosopher Fedor Girenok and shows Girenok/ s position in the context of the Russian philosophy and shortly also in the context of European philosophy. Girenok/s analysis of pat and neopaganism bring the critique of the euroamerican civilization, mainly of its rationalism and relativism. Girenok finds the alternative to the European values in deliberate effort to resist the consequences of the world globalization, in attaching to the tradition, in staying in long term at the constant place (cultivating home), in cautious relation to the language and finaUy in protecting the space for experiencing experience. This position, as Girenok believes, is reminded by Russian philosophy and it is this position that can open (through fuUy experiencing the experience) the way to the authentic human live. FuUy experiencing the experience involves the ability of quietening the own voice, it means the ability of listening, which is also the key moment of realizing one/s position in bigger wholes, the key moment of understanding human being as the part of those bigger wholes. Girenok revitalizes the tradition of the Russian philosophy, primarily the slavophile and the isychast...
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The living body as the source of freedom (a philosophical study on the origins of the freedom of will as a fact and as a concept)
Brinzanik, Dušan ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee)
This thesis aims to focus on two different ways of how people think about freedom; the author is convinced they have from the very beginning involved the reasons why they are unable to cope with the possibility of the freedom of will in the world, and to plausibly explain what free will is. One way of thinking is based in such a view of the world that cannot guarantee the possibility of freedom in the world as it is unable to grasp anything like free will with the means it has; the other approach collapses due to the obscure and internally incongruous concept of Self. This leads to expectation of free will, which is unreachable by principle although initially freedom was associated with man and the only aim is to explain how freedom is restricted and how it can be cultivated. What both these approaches have in common is a misleading connection of free will and moral responsibility, which makes it even more difficult for them to form and adequate concept of freedom.
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