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Impact of Population Policies on Economic Development
Kaneko, Shinya ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hejlová, Hana (referee)
Within the presented thesis, the issue on the impact of population policy types and economic development is investigated using econometric regression analysis on an unbalanced data panel of 188 countries during the period of 2000 to 2014. The key development of the existing econometric model is the adoption of population policy indicator variables according to the type of population policy (pronatal, antinatal, maintain and no intervention). The aim of this thesis is to show the significance and positive or negative correlation of population policy dummy variables with the use of representative datasets, which were selected according to empirical research. Additionally, the same model is also conducted for different groups of countries, (more developed, less developed and least developed) so as to examine the outcome according to the level of development. Consequently, short term negative effect of pronatalistic and maintaining population policy on GDP per capita is demonstrated. On contrary, regressions on different groups of countries validates no significant evidence on policy dummy variables.
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Feral Pigeon (Columba livia f. domestica) Census in Selected Sites of Prague
Bukačová, Kateřina ; Řezníček, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpán, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with the monitoring of numerous rate of domestic pigeon (Columba livia f. Domestica, hereinafter referred to as pigeon) in a given area and its spatial activity. The work includes incidence monitoring of individual pigeons depending on daytime and weather. The monitoring was carried out by observational method in the period from February to May 2015. The observations were related to individuals who occurred the monitored area (the buildings in Dukelských hrdinů street). Furthermore, the work compares the results from population census of Prague pigeon and the results from census of other European cities. It was further investigated whether the amount of pigeons in the area is affected by abiotic conditions (air temperature and weather). The result of the thesis should contribute to better knowledge of overall pigeon rate determining in the capital city of Prague. The collected data may help to gain a deeper knowledge of the entire population ecology living in this territory. They can also be beneficial, for example, in reducing of the pigeon numbers or serve in other investigations. Key words: pigeon, Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica), abundance, monitoring, abiotic conditions, population
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Population perspects of Kazakhstan till 2030
Tolesh, Fariza ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Burcin, Boris (referee) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population prospects of Kazakhstan till 2030 Abstract Population change affects national income, national expenditure, and the demand for services such as education, health and transport. Therefore, information about future population size and structure obtained with the help of population forecasts, which can be used for a wide range of decision-making purposes, is of paramount importance. The primary aim of this dissertation is to produce three different types of population forecasts for Kazakhstan till 2030 and by comparing and analysing the differences to find out the most important factors determining the population development process in the country. Kazakhstan is a country with significant size and regional diversity which makes it relevant to consider those dimensions in population forecasting. Most southern oblasts of the country have a young population structure meaning that much of future population growth, particularly of working age, will come from these regions. Also, native population tends to concentrate in rural areas, while industrialized cities are mostly populated by non-natives with considerably different nuptiality and fertility behaviour. Despite such regional and residential demographic differences, presently the country is experiencing an overall increase in birth rates. Many claims...
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Social changes of the town Svoboda nad Úpou on the background of the census of 1910 and 1921
Týfová, Markéta ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "Social changes of the town Svoboda nad Úpou on the background of the census of 1910 and 1921" deals with the analysis and comparison of the census of 1910 and 1921 for the town Svoboda nad Úpou, which is located in Giant Mountains. The content and aim of the thesis is to describe particular censuses and compare their changes, especially from the point of view of the census in the times of Austria-Hungary, concretely the last census within the monarchy and thus at the beginning of the independent Czechoslovak Republic. The work then analyzes the census of both years and interprets their results. Consequently, the census compares and tracks how the city changed between the censuses and how the census results were reflected. Attention is primarily paid to the number, sex and age of the inhabitans, furthermore to the national structure, religion or economic activities and the occupation of the city's inhabitants. The work also focuses on the possible impact of World War I. Then also how the town was influenced by the creation of the Czechoslovak Republic and how the national situation evolved. In the thesis are used methods of historical work, namely direct, statistical and comparative methods. Key words: Svoboda nad Úpou, census, town, population
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Changing view on future population development of the Republic of Kazakhstan according to the United Nations World Population Prospects since the 1992 till the 2008 revision
Kerembayev, Anuar ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Burcin, Boris (referee)
Changing view on future population development of the Republic of Kazakhstan according to the United Nations World Population Prospects since the 1992 till the 2008 revision Abstract The objective of this study is to analyze changing view on future population development and to assess the reliability of the forecast results produced for Kazakhstan by the United Nations World Population Prospects since the 1992 revision with the respect to population development components: fertility, mortality, migration and by principal results: total population, age and sex structure and by some other demographic indicators. In the first part, the United Nations forecasting methodology and its applicability to the Kazakhstan population development, basic conceptual framework and its use are being explored. Analysis of the main forecast results is in the second part; nevertheless the fact that some findings based on these results support the general view on the population development by the United Nations World Population Prospects, some other findings are impugned. Furthermore, the impact of transition period (1990-2000) to the development of population by components and its influence to the age and sex composition has been proved. In this thesis the connection between some scientific disciplines, economics and...
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Environmental education and a municipality with extended powers
Hozmanová, Jitka ; Andreska, Jan (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
SUMMARY: Environmental education is not a matter of only educational system but of the integrity of all external influences which affect people in the course of their life. Also state administration plays an important role the basic element of which is a municipality potentially comprising a very important task. The thesis aims to highlight the possibility how state authorities may affect implementation of CEPA with stress on educational system. The thesis is divided into three sections - theoretical, analytic and propositional chapters. The theoretical part focuses on starting situation, progress, goals and tasks of EEA projects and legislation. The analytic part deals with gathered facts and evaluates them from the point of the state of CEPA implementation within the area of a chosen municipality with extended powers. The propositional part contains a SWOT analysis and a proposal of particular measures leading to improvement of the situation and a draft "Concept of CEPA development of the selected municipality with extended powers".
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Population trends of animals of different taxa and regions on the basis of the Living Planet Database
Váňová, Lenka ; Storch, David (advisor) ; Hulva, Pavel (referee)
The analysis of population trends of animals is increasingly being used not only as an indicator of population changes, but also as an indicator of biodiversity decline. Living Planet Index is one of such indicators, as it shows a proportional decline or increase of all populations by means of mean annual changes in population abundance. Since the first presentation of the index in 1998, its values have been decreasing, which was interpreted as indication of a critical state of global biodiversity. Nevertheless, there are some issues concerning the index. It is unclear to what extent is it robust, if it is not too much influenced by biased data or if it does not comprise a systematic error. This thesis focuses on four vertebrate taxa and its aim is to examine the level of data heterogeneity and their potential influence on the index. For this purpose, two parameters were defined for each population, Growth and Trend. Overall, the trends in abundances were quite balanced, some populations being decreasing, some increasing, and stable populations were also present. Despite of our expectations, the heterogeneity in the data was not large enough to have a substantial effect on the index. Analysis of trends in variously defined groups (e. g. "biomes", taxa or biogeographic realms) revealed only little...
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Clinical and genetic aspects of familial breast cancer: Frequency of recurrent mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Czech republic and the role of NBN gene
Matějů, Martin ; Novotný, Jan (advisor) ; Konopásek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Vaňásek, Jaroslav (referee)
Summary: Background: An increased risk for development of hereditary breast cancer is associated with germline mutations in BRCA1/2 and the influence of NBN mutations is also supposed. The aim of this study is to specify the frequency of recurrent mutations in BRCA1/2 in unselected breast cancer patients and the frequency of most common pathogenic mutations in NBN in Czech republic, to assess current criteria for genetic testing and to consider the addition of NBN to the tested genes. Methods: Screening for recurrent mutations 5382insC and 300T>G in BRCA1 was performed by RFLP, screening for mutations in exon 11 of BRCA1 was performed by PTT, screening for mutations in a selected region of exon 11 of BRCA2 by DHPLC, and screening for mutations in exon 6 of NBN by HRMA. All the mutations were confirmed by direct sequencing. Results: In 679 unselected breast cancer patients 7 carriers of 5382insC, 3 of 300T>G, and 4 of other mutations in BRCA1 were identified. 2 locally prevalent mutations were found in BRCA2. In 730 controls only one 5382insC BRCA1 mutation was identified. Out of 5 NBN mutations found in 600 high-risk patients two were 657del5 and one R215W. A total of 8 NBN mutation carriers were identified among 703 breast cancer patients, 2 of them 657del5 carriers and three R215W carriers. In 915...
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