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Sperm strategies in rodents
Šandera, Martin
Rodents exhibit diverse biology, mating systems and diverse sperm morphology. Different levels of sperm competition have therefore been found in this group. Generally, it is accepted that sperm competition in animals causes the prolongation of sperm tails. However, what other sperm morphological adaptations in rodents are affected by sperm competition? Species-specific sexual selection likely optimizes sperm morphology. Sperm physiology, morphology and competition may be influenced, ultimately, by environmental factors. This Ph.D. thesis focuses on sperm competition in murine rodents. The thesis contains three research articles (including one as a submitted manuscript). In addition, another published article, partialy related to the topic of this thesis, is represented in the Appendix. The sperm morphology in rodents plays an important role in sperm competition. Longer tails and apical hooks are usually found in the species with relatively larger testes and with higher percentage of multiple paternity (i.e. rate of promiscuity), that is in species with the higher risk of sperm competition. The goal of the first study was to investigate the relationships between relative testis weight and sperm traits (apical hook and tail lengths and variance in this traits). The apical hook length was positively...
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Sperm strategies in rodents
Šandera, Martin ; Stopka, Pavel (advisor) ; Macholán, Miloš (referee) ; Sedláček, František (referee)
Rodents exhibit diverse biology, mating systems and diverse sperm morphology. Different levels of sperm competition have therefore been found in this group. Generally, it is accepted that sperm competition in animals causes the prolongation of sperm tails. However, what other sperm morphological adaptations in rodents are affected by sperm competition? Species-specific sexual selection likely optimizes sperm morphology. Sperm physiology, morphology and competition may be influenced, ultimately, by environmental factors. This Ph.D. thesis focuses on sperm competition in murine rodents. The thesis contains three research articles (including one as a submitted manuscript). In addition, another published article, partialy related to the topic of this thesis, is represented in the Appendix. The sperm morphology in rodents plays an important role in sperm competition. Longer tails and apical hooks are usually found in the species with relatively larger testes and with higher percentage of multiple paternity (i.e. rate of promiscuity), that is in species with the higher risk of sperm competition. The goal of the first study was to investigate the relationships between relative testis weight and sperm traits (apical hook and tail lengths and variance in this traits). The apical hook length was positively...
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The sales contract in international business transactions
Masařová, Barbora ; Růžička, Květoslav (advisor) ; Dobiáš, Petr (referee)
The topic of my diploma thesis is "The sales contract in international business transactions". The development of international trade is currently thriving, as evidenced by the fact that the significance of the international trade in the Czech Republic continues to grow. The reason I chose this topic is that the international sales contract is one of the most important contract in the field of international trade and I decided to expand my knowledge on that field. The diploma thesis analyzes the international sales contract in relation to the historical development of the term international sales contract, to its definition, legislation and unification efforts in the field of international sales contract legislation. The diploma thesis is structured into three chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the term sales contract in international business transactions. It contains the basic characteristics of the sales contract in Czech law, the characteristics of the term international business transactions and the largest part of this chapter is concerned with the historical development of the international sales contract and United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, as the basic legislation in relation to the international sales contract. The second chapter is...
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The main principles of liability for damage in civil law
Nevláčilová, Lucia ; Švestka, Jiří (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
1 This Master's degree thesis entitled "The main principles of liability for damage in civil law" is concerned with the general matters and principles of the legal regulation of liability for damage. The purpose of this study is to apprise the readers of the main principles of liability for damage, to explain the existing legal regulation of this institute and to point out to the extensive judicial practice in this legal area, which supplements the effective legal regulation in a considerable extent. The thesis focuses on the legal regulation of liability for damage contained in Act No. 40/1964 Coll., the Civil Code, and doesn't deal with the different legal regulation of liability for damage, which is included in the Commercial Code or in the Labour Code. In the present-day society causing harms is practically a day-to-day part of our lives. On the basis of this fact the institute of liability for damage is a frequently occurring, broad and interesting area of law. This is also the reason, why I chose this topic and why I want to clarify it to the readers. This thesis is composed of seven chapters, which focus on the most important issues concerned with liability for damage. The first chapter contains an explanation of the term of liability for damage and a general explanation of the legal regulation of...
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Culture of Roma settlements
Jakoubek, Marek ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Patočka, Jiří (referee) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
Tématem následujících stránek je analýza kultury romských osad. Přestože je sousloví "romské osady" poměrně hojně frekventované, v otázce jeho užívání panuje značný zmatek a je tedy již téměř nemožné zjistit a říci, co si pod ním ten který autor vlastně představuje. V této stati budu toto označení užívat jako termín a obsahem mé práce bude do značné míry právě snaha o jeho definici. Jako každý termín, je i pojem "romská osada" svou povahou arbitrární, jedná se o konvenční, nehodnotící nálepku. Důvodem, proč jsem jako jeden z centrálních pojmů zvolil zaužívané a významově přetížené sousloví je ten, že za prvé laický výraz "romská osada" má konotace blízké významu tohoto pojmu v přítomné stati (v tomto ohledu se tedy jedná jen o jakousi kultivaci slova běžné mluvy) a za druhé dosavadní pokusy o zavedení jiného označení pomocí neologizmu dosud vždy selhaly (ať se již jednalo o termín slovenské státní správy "obytná zoskupenia na nízkom sociokultúrnom stupni" či termín "kumulovaná romská sídliště" 1 z autorské dílny S. Kužela). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Modern alternate types of sealing barriers analysis for landfills
Matoušová, Jana ; Sedláček, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kudrna, Zdeněk (advisor)
People and waste on our planet is constantly increasing, and so despite the unattractiveness topic the landfills are the current and noticeable issue. This paper deals with the standards and laws relating to landfills, from which they depend for the creation and construction. I should present an overview of the different variants of application materials to the construction of the landfill could be used, and today sealing landfills are available for engineers. But just I do not engage in alternative sealing options as well as standard which are still widely used methods of sealing landfills. To the situation in the Czech Republic stated in a global context, I give examples of coping with the landfill in other countries such as Chile, where they try to use local raw materials. What is landfill waste and security are concerned; our model may be one of our neighbours - Germany, which in this part is devoted to most extensively. Each of these options has its pros and cons. I leave at will and view of each reader to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each solution. It is also possible to adhere to the already proven and well used ways of depositing, in their modernized and improved form.
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Consequences of SaaS Model
Žamberský, Martin ; Bruckner, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrnko, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the theme of Software as a Service (SaaS) model. Software as a Service is one of the main trends in ICT sector during the past few years. The aim of this diploma thesis is to introduce readers this model in its wide ranging consequences and to accomplish a comparison of selected applications from office suite in SaaS model with applications from office suite Microsoft Office. Diploma thesis can be divided into two parts - the first part focuses on the theoretical basis (chapters 2 - 5) and the second part focuses on practical part (chapter 6). The third chapter (the first and second chapters are introduction) describes Software as a Service model and provides answers to the most frequently asked questions that belong to this model. Chapter number four introduces other trends in ICT industry and seeks and finds synergies between SaaS model and those trends. The next chapter deals with the "Does IT Matter?" question and SaaS model. Practical part of diploma thesis (chapter number six) includes comparison of applications from office suite in SaaS model (Google Docs and Zoho Office Suite) with selected applications from office suite Microsoft Office. Pieces of information for creation of this thesis are public accessible resources and resources accessible from University of Economic in Prague. Web 2.0 tools can provide relevant information. This thesis can be useful as instructional material for students and for interested persons. It can be also useful as a source of arguments for persons with competence of choosing information systems.
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A Permanent or Temporary Change? The Arrangement of Gender Roles in Families with Caring Fathers
Maříková, Hana ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Kozlová, Lucie (referee) ; Kuchařová, Věra (referee)
1 Abstract: In her dissertation thesis, the author concentrates on the phenomenon of 'caring fathers'. Her primary goal was not to explicate the transformations of fatherhood but to explore whether direct and daylong childcare provided by the father leads to the elimination of gender inequalities in the family during the period when the father is involved in childcare as the primary care provider or co-provider as well as during the immediately following period when he returns to the labour market. This issue is a less explored one in Czech sociology and related sciences than the first topic even as fathers' participation in childcare and child education is considered to be one of the ways to challenge cultural and social inequalities between genders. In her work the author aims to answer the question whether in families where fathers are involved in childcare in the early stages of the child's life, gender inequalities in the family are disrupted or whether this situation constitutions a mere modification of the status quo. She asks when gender equality in families occurs (or can occur) and what the relationship is between gender equality in the family and gender inequality in larger society. The study is based on a specifically designed qualitative research study carried out in 2006 and in 2009 through...
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Václav Kopecký (1897-1961) - the portait of a communist politician
Pávová, Jana ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Kvaček, Robert (referee)
The theme of this thesis is the portrait of the communist politician Václav Kopecký (1897 -1961) who was one of the leading exponents and propagandists of the Stalinist era in Czechoslovakia. He was not only a politician but an ideologist as well. The thesis is based mainly on archival sources and newspapers of the relevant period. The thesis is divided chronologically into five chapters. The first one focuses on period 1897 - 1938 and shows how young Václav Kopecký joined the Communist party and as how as one of the so-called "boys of Karlin" became the great supporter of Klement Gottwald. Václav Kopecký also participated in bolshevisation of the party in 1929. The following part of the chapter depicts Kopecký's activities as a deputy of the Parliament in the First Czechoslovak Republic and ends with the description of his departure to the exile in the USSR. The second chapter (1938 - 1945) called "the Moscow period" shows the life and activities of Václav Kopecký in the days of his exile, which he spent in Moscow, Ufa and Kujbyšev. Then this chapter describes how Kopecký participated in preparation of political platform of Košice Governmental programme and ends with his departure to the homeland. The third chapter (1945 - 1948) presents Václav Kopecký as the Minister of Information and demonstrates how...
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Šlépěje by Jakub Deml
Plátová, Martina ; Binar, Vladimír (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
Tématem této práce jsou Šlépěje Jakuba Demla. Jedná se o podrobnější pohled na dvacet šest svazků Šlépějí, které vyšly v rozmezí let 1917-1941. Primárním úkolem je postihnout specifika tohoto ojedinělého díla v české literatuře. Nejprve bude potřeba zabývat se vznikem Šlépějí a zjistit, zda jim předcházela díla podobného charakteru. Předpoklad je, že taková díla existují, pak je nutno najít styčné body a také určit, v čem se naopak liší. Následně se budeme zabývat komplexním popisem Šlépějí, který bude zahrnovat jak pohled na stránku praktického vydávání, tak pohled na stránku vnitřní, tedy otázky žánrové charakteristiky, naplňování, či rušení žánrových struktur, případně problém žánrové nazařaditelnosti. Nevyhneme se ani hypotéze o novém specifickém žánru. Chceme přehodnotit vnímání Šlépějí jako chaotického a nesouvislého periodika, a proto se pokusíme najít nějakou spojovací linii, která z dvaceti šesti svazků činí jeden celek. Další problematika se týká možností členění Šlépějí na subtilnější kompaktní celky, se zohledněním klíčových okamžiků Demlova života, které zanechaly v jeho díle výraznou stopu. V tomto okruhu otázek budeme vycházet především z koncepce Vladimíra Binara a Bedřicha Fučíka, jak je navržena ve Zprávě o uspořádání Díla Jakuba Demla.
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