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Syntax of the legal texts in diachronic point of view
Frausová, Lenka ; Zikánová, Šárka (referee) ; Hošnová, Eva (advisor)
The thesis deals with the language of legal documents and i t provides i ts readers wi th a description of i ts syntactic ::levelopment since 1918 up to now. On the background of the nethod by M . Těšitelová et al. Three text form three periods ~re analysed (about the years 1920, 1960 and 2000); their total range being 27000 word. The research results in the finding that the style of legal texts had its specific features at the beginning of the examined period allready. The sentences as a unit of predication gets longer. Further, the 1umber of nominal construction grows as one of the basic :haracteristics of the legal language. In the texts dated 2000 3. wider scale of analytic predicates is used. The vocabulary )f nonverbal clauses is impowerished. On the other hand, the 1umber of uses of postponed adj ecti ves grows considerabely, Lnfluencing the length of nominal groups. The thesis also )ffers a surwey of means of expressing intrinsic modality.
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About the epistemic use of modal verbs in today's German
Miňovská, Tereza ; Doležal, Jiří (referee) ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor)
There is a difference between the two types of use of modal verbs. If we use an epistemic modal, we are interested in the truth of a proposition. If we use a deontic modal, we are interested in the occurence of an event. Epistemic modals could be interpreted as subjectively epistemic or objectivelyepistemic. The difference between the two systems is pragmatic. When a sentence is subjectively modalized, it means that the speaker wants to show hislher attitude towards the proposition. Thus, the sentence includes an expression of an opinion. An objectively modalized sentence is based on an evidence or fact that the speaker's opinion is based on. In this case, the sentence includes a factual statement. There are some restrictions on the use of modal verbs in the two systems. A modal verb with subjectively epistemic meaning cannot be put in a negative form. When a sentence with a modal verb with subjectively epistemic meaning does contain a negation, the negation is morphological. Modal verbs with objectively epistemic meaning can be negated. Then it is a negation ofthe sentence.
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Narrative strategies in Albert Camus novels
Brýlová, Markéta ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
Existuje jistě mnoho způsobů, jak přistupovat k dílu Alberta Camuse, jednoho z nejuznávanějších francouzských spisovatelů 20. století. Řada prací byla věnována přínosu jeho díla filozofického, hojné jsou studie zabývající se tématikou a imaginativní složkou jeho díla románového, nemalé úsilí bylo vynaloženo i na kvanti tati vní analýzy Camusova "slovníku" ... 1 Každá z řádek jeho díla byla opsána a okomentována nesčetněkrát. Nabízí se otázka, má-li vůbec smysl přidávat touto diplomovou prací k tunám papíru, který byl popsán ve snaze osvětlit Camusovo dílo filozofické i literární řadou fundovaných literárních kritiků, lingvistů, filozofů, psychoanalytiků, sociologů, něj aké to deko navíc. Na obhaj obu tohoto počinu uveďme alespoň dva základní důvody, proč se nám zdá být naše diplomová práce opodstatněná. Prvním důvodem je skutečnost, že se v českém prostředí věnuje tomuto autorovi menší pozornost, než by zasluhoval. Jestliže v zahraničí, především pak ve francouzském a anglofonním prostředí, doprovází Camusovo dílo neutuchající zájem, mezi jehož projevy patří i rozsáhlá publikační činnost, v Čechách, zdá se, počet studií věnovaných tomuto autorovi přece jen zůstává pozadu. Pro ilustraci uveďme prostý fakt, že za posledních 40 let byly na půdě románských studií FF UK věnovány Albertu Camusovi pouhé tři...
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Islam on the screen. Yusuf al-Qaradawi - shari'a and life
Kouřilová, Iveta ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor)
2. zan 1999 problbla ve Washingtonu debata na tema: "Je islamismus hrozbou?"1 Jejimi hosty byli mimo jine John Esposito z Georgetown University а Daniel Pipes, feditel Middle East Forum. Jedna z polozenych otazek znela, kdo je dnes nejdulezitejsim islamistickym myslitelem. John Esposito odpovedel: "V otazce vztahu шibozenstvi а demokracie je to Rasid al-Ghannusi. Nejvetsi vliv ma vsak Jusuf al-Qaradawi, Egypt'an zijici v Kataru. Ке Qaradawimu, jeho fatwam а problasenim se obraceji velmi rozmanite skupiny muslimu." Celni misto mezi islamskYтi mysliteli pfiznava Jusufu al-Qaradawimu i sam Rasid alGhannusi. V recenzi k anglickemu pfekladu Qaradawiho knihy "Priority islamskeho hnuti v nadchazejici fazi" z dubna 2000 Rasid al-Ghannusi napsal: "Nebudu pfehanet, kdyz problasim, ze vildcovstvi v oЬlasti soucasneho islamskeho mysleni patfi na8emu velkemu ucenci sejchu Jusufu al-Qaradawimu." Pfedkladana diplomova prace se snafi podat prvni komplexnejsi studii о osobnosti а nazorech tohoto ryznamneho ucence а jedne z nejryraznejsich nabozenskych autorit soucasneho islamskeho sveta. Zamerem teto prace je pfiblizit ctenan svet muslimskeho ucence, proЬlemy, jez pfed nej staveji aktualni udalosti ve svete, а zodpovednost, jakou nese na srych bedrech vilci svYт souvercilm. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Self-assessment and peer assessment in interpreter self-training
Navrátilová, Kateřina ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Mraček, David (referee)
The theoretical-empirical thesis deals with the importance of self-assessment and peer assessment for interpreter self-training. The first part is focused on the theoretical foundations of the thesis. First, the thesis covers the question of interpreting quality, its definition, and the assessment of interpreting in interpreter training. The thesis then presents the expertise theory, both in general and in the field of interpreting studies specifically, and provides recommendations by several theoreticians as to how to apply this theory in interpreter training. The next chapter clarifies certain concepts from learning theory that often appear in literature on interpreting didactics. The theoretical part concludes with a presentation of two types of tools that can be used in interpreter self-training, namely e-learning tools and reflective diaries. The empirical part then analyses data collected in two pieces of research. The first of these is a questionnaire research that aims to map the self-training habits of MA interpreting students at the Institute of Translation Studies, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, and to find out whether the students, while self-training, act in line with the expertise theory. The second piece of research is focused on peer feedback that interpreting students give to...
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Possibilities of housing financing
Jůzl, Ondřej ; Smrčka, Luboš (advisor) ; Schönfeld, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis is focused on the possibilities of housing financing in the Czech Republic. The greatest attention is paid to financing of buying of own flat emphatically small flats. In the first part, the living in own flat and renting of a flat are compared. In this part I also chracterize housing stock of the Czech Republic and the factors influencing the way of housing financing and housing demand. Second part is theoretical and it describes the possibilities of housing financing in detail. Above all there is described the building saving and the mortgage, that are the most frequent possibilities. Third part anlyses particular financial products of the various banks and monitors current bank supply. The final part contains the case study in which the problem with buying a flat is solved.
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Personal management of university students
Dejmalová, Lenka ; Starý, Karel (advisor) ; Šebková, Helena (referee) ; Matošková, Jana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to explore the first-year undergraduates' strategies of self-management. The thesis contains the theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part deals with the transformation of higher education in Europe and in the Czech Republic followed by the changes in the university student career and lifestyle. Special attention is devoted to university socialization, the personality of the university student and their new roles. The next chapter of the theoretical part presents the concepts of personal management and academic self-management. Effective and successful university study and personal strategies of self-management then appear to be interdependent. The aim of the qualitative research is to explore and describe how the first-year students organize their study. Firstly, the content analysis of selected study plans was carried out and the orientation questionnaire survey was conducted among 165 first-year students at the Faculty of Philosophy and Arts, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen. Later, also other methods were applied: the diary of study week and electronic interviews. The data were analysed through open coding and thematic coding. Two basic types of students were distinguished based on the dominant out-of-class activities and the diversity of tendencies in independent...
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Theoretical problems of Spanish lexicography
Johnová, Barbara ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
The master's thesis Theoretical Problems of Spanish Lexicography introduces issues associated with creating general monolingual dictionaries. The thesis has two main objectives. Firstly, it aims to summarise the most frequent lexicographic issues and attempt to find their suitable solutions in practice through an analysis of significant research studies dealing with this subject. The issues have been divided into two groups depending on whether they regard the macrostructure (collection of dictionary entries) or microstructure (collection of headword information). As for the macrostructure, one of the main issues is posed by determining the criteria for the selection of dictionary entries. Modern descriptive lexicography considers lexical unit usage frequency to be the main criterion. The macrostructure of general monolingual dictionaries should generally not include proper nouns while productive affixes and affixoids, phraseological units with a high degree of idiomaticity, abbreviations and frequently used neologisms should be included. The thesis also explores the issue of distinguishing between cases of homonymy and polysemy and its impact on lexicographic practice. The chapter on microstructure focuses primarily on the issues of constructing lexicographic definitions with user...
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Reconstruction of Water Treatment Plant Babice
Valchař, Jiří ; Roh, Robert (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
This study deals with a reconstruction of the water treatment plant. The First chapter gives a brief overview of iron and manganese common removal methods. The next chapter looks at technical condition evaluation of urban water networks and presents a new methodology TEA Water developed by Brno University of Technology, module TEAT-Water Treatment Plants in particular. Following chapters describes local water distribution system and current condition of the water treatment plant. The main aim of this thesis is to choose the best suitable technologies for water treatment in order to reduce high operating expenses, especially energy consumption and to reduce volume of backwash water.
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