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MDOC and its effects on atherogenic process in experimental model of atherosclerosis.
Pachman, Lukáš ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Štěrba, Martin (referee)
Atherosclerosis belongs to the cardiovascular diseases, which have been the most frequent cause of the morbidity and mortality in all the economically advanced countries of Europe and the USA in the last few years. The purpose of this diploma dissertation was to find some potential hypolipidemic and antiinflammatory effects of MDOC. The new potential substance belongs to the group of dietary fibre. Genetically modified tribe of the ApoE-deficient mice (n=8) was used in the study. After the delactacion, it was fed on an aterogenic diet with 1,25% cholesterol content for 4 weeks. In MDOC group, the mice were fed on the same aterogenic diet, but just 50 mg/kg were daily added to this diet. Blood sample for the biochemical investigation were taken from animals. Then, partitions of the tissue formed by the aorta together with the upper part of the heart were taken, too. Then, a biochemical analysis of the blood was made and also in aortic sinus and arch an imunohistochemical and stereological analysis of the endothelial expression of VCAM-1 had to be done. The results of the biochemical analysis showed that serving of MDOC did not affect the total cholesterol level, VLDL cholesterol, or triglycerides. On the other hand, we noticed a statistically significant reduction of the LDL cholesterol levels and also a...
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Investigation of Drug Interactions on Hepatic and Renal Transport Proteins
Fuksa, Leoš ; Štaud, František (advisor) ; Fusek, Josef (referee) ; Slanař, Ondřej (referee)
STUDY OF DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS BASED ON MODULATION OF THE FUNCTION OF LIVER AND KIDNEY ACTIVE TRANSPORTERS Leos Fuksa, M.Sc. ABSTRACT The present thesis focused on closer research of drug-induced changes in the expression and function of the main hepatic and renal transporters and their effects on the pharmacokinetics of the model substrates. The subject of our particular interest were ABC efflux transporters (namely P-gp and Mrp2) localized in the apical membranes of polarized epithelium cells in the excretory organs, and also Oatp2 transporter playing an important role in the basolateral uptake of drugs. Dexamethasone and amiodarone were employed to bring about changes in the active transport. Dexamethasone is a potent corticosteroid that showed capability to increase elimination processes, i.e. to induce enzymes and transporters both in vitro and in vivo. Amiodarone, a life-saving antiarrhythmic, is a well-known inhibitor of drug metabolism. Its direct inhibitory effects on the active transport have recently been reported. The summarized results of the included publications describe various aspects of the pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions, where the underlying mechanism of the interaction is a modulation (either induction/activation or inhibition) of the active transport. Such modulation is...
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Biological effect of plant metabolites II. Isolation of alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham.
Linzerová, Michaela ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee)
Linzerová, M.: A Biological Effect of Plant Metabolits II. The Isolation of Alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham. A diploma work, Charles University in Praque, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2009, 66 pages Extract J1 from plant Eschscholzia californica Cham. was separated. The separation was performed on a chromatografic column filled by silica gel, mixture of chloroform-ethanol 100+0 to 45+55 was chosen as eluent. For detection was taken thin-layer chromatography. A polar mixture of ethanol-acetic acid-water (60+30+10) was chosen as eleunt mixture. Detection was evaluated by UV radiation and spray of Dragendorff reagent. The fractions containing the highest concentracion of alkaloids were coupled and purified. Two different alkaloids were obtained. The structures of these alkaloids were found out by NMR method. Keywords: Californian Poppy, Eschscholzia californica, alkaloids, column chromatography, Alzheimer disease, benzophenanthridin alkaloids
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Design and synthesis of BCA2 inhibitors.
Soukupová, Jitka ; Doležal, Martin (advisor) ; Musílek, Kamil (referee) ; Westwell, Andrew D. (referee)
BCA 2 (Breast Cancer Associated Protein2) is a novel monomeric RING (Really Interesting New Gene 2) - type ubiquitin E3 ligase. It was found to be overexpressed in 56 % of invasive breast cancers and its expression is correlated with a positive estrogen receptor status. The RING-type family of proteins possesses ubiquitin ligase activity and involves in protein degradation. Ubiquitylation is used to target proteins of different biological processes including proteosomal degradation or endocytosis. Polyubiquitination of target protein substrates is carried out by three classes of ubiquitin ligase enzymes, of which the diverse E3 ligase family catalyse the final step of ubiquitin transfer to specific lysyl residues of target proteins prior to proteosomal destruction. The RING-type proteins can be defined as unique linear series of conserved cysteine and histidin residues and binds two zinc atoms in a cross-brace arrangement. Studies of zinc-ejecting compounds have led to the identification of disulfiram, which has been used for alcohol aversion therapy for alcohol aversion therapy as an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor. In this thesis I describe the synthesis of three series of novel zinc-affinic compounds, in order to optimise selectivity of BCA2 inhibitors which could lead to the identification of...
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Analysis of transformation process in the Czech republic
Steklá, Petra ; Váňa, Daniel (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee)
This work should deal with the process which is completely rare in Czech (and partially also in Czechoslovak) history. The work is focused on the transformation of centrally, administratively, directively, sturdily and controlled economics towards the market economics. The situation of Czech (Czechoslovak) Republic was rather difficult because the main creators of the transformation process couldn't use any universal handbook or manual for the transformation, for there wasn't any. So it all depended on these people, what strategy and what order of steps they choose. This work should mention the basic articles of transformation i.e. cost deregulation, international trade liberalization and a crucial change of the proprietary relations. Here, I would like to confront the different opinions about the rate of privatization and the various views on the strategy of privatization. Furthermore I would like to express myself critically about the opinions of the experts, who deal with the transformation process.
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Memory in exile
Hadžagič, Sandra ; Papoušek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee) ; Brabec, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is the monographic study about the literary works of Milada Součková. It addresses methodological issues and includes a detailed interpretation of her literary works. These works are perceived as a literary unity which undergoes various transformations yet it always retains its structural identity. The individual works retain their independence and can be see as complete works in themselves. The integral principle in this exposition is the motive of memory which interlaces the studied material. The exposition was not led by any predefined or previously established methodology, but instead, it was built gradually and with respect to the studied material. The study follows the artistic methods and expressions used by the author while attempting to explain their interna I dependencies. Further, it attempts to emphasize the significant axes which unify the author's individual works, especially with regards to the changes in her cultural and existential status, i.e. her exile to the United States. It gives insight into the poetic structures in Součková's literary opus, which makes possible to draw conclusions about the poetics as well as about other factors external to her literature. Ever since her very first publication, her poetics contain an autobiographical discourse. This is observed, when by...
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Prospective managers' competence development and employers' requirements
Smejkal, Josef ; Průcha, Jan (advisor) ; Mužík, Jaroslav (referee) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
The main problem area covered by the thesis "Prospective Managers' Competence Development and Employers' Requirements" i s based on the fact that employers ha ve for some years expressed concerns that graduates do not have the competences they need and blame the educational system for inadequately providing them. On the base of a survey the thesis reveals how these competences are generated and developed through our tertiary education in the field of economics and management. Its main concern relates to finding ways that could better promote the university students' competence development to improve the match between the tertiary education and employment of graduates.
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Raimon Panikkar and interculture. Theological basis and philosophical environment of one ontology of relation
Verhoeven Kopecká, Marie ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Labbé, Yves (referee) ; von Sinner, Rudolf (referee)
Raimon Panikkar (* 1918) is one of most famous thinkers current intercultural dialogue. Family background his father was an Indian Hindu and his mother a Spanish Catholic destined the direction Panikkar's intellectual activity. After studying chemistry, philosophy (Barcelona, Bonn, Madrid) and, consequently, theology (Madrid and Rome), he worked in India, where he became one of protagonists of dialogue with the Christian Orient thinking, in particular the Indian culture. In his efforts he continued, as professor at prestigious American universities. Labor initially pursuing theological and philosophical background Panikkar's thinking. Panikkar gradually develops in his works the idea of need for complementarity between East and West. He began by comparing the basic religious and phílosophical concepts using functional analogies (comparing the perception of reality, of God, of metaphysical's concepts such as transcendence, immanence, etc.). Very quickly switched to an existential plane, which culminated in the conviction of relativity of the all reality and the provisions of the relation as constitutive element of being. For the expression of Panikkar used the term "non-duality" (Jater "a-duality"), the concept i s inspired by Indian philosophy, Advaita-Vedanta together with the Christian doctrine of Goďs...
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Education of the ill before and after total hip replacement
Marcinková, Jarmila ; Nikodemová, Hana (advisor) ; Sládková, Jana (referee)
This document describes several issues like keeping patients informed, education of patients and communication with patients while they are hospitalized for total hip replacement. The whole work is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is focused on general description of hip joint diseases and different surgery methods of total hip replacement. The role of nurses is emphasized especially regarding communication with patients, their education and awareness. In practical part a survey is being conducted by questionnaire distributed to 64 respondents - patients of the Department of Orthopaedics Surgery (First Clinics) of the Motol University Hospital that have been hospitalized for total hip replacement. Questionnaire was focused on how patients are informed before taking into hospital and during their stay in the hospital. It was to find out how patients had been satisfied with communication with nurses. The output of this survey disclosed that patients require more information. For this purpose I have prepared information bulletin for patients. Regarding communication respondents expressed their consent with present state and suggested slight amendments for improvement in particular areas that would serve as basic recommendation for behaviour of nurses. Powered by TCPDF...
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Current situation of hospice in Czech Republic
Vavřina, Lukáš ; Dohnalová, Marie (advisor) ; Průša, Ladislav (referee)
In this thesis, I'm focusing on description of present-day situation as for palliative medicine and care for terminal ill patients. Diploma work offers more complexive view on the relationship between non-governmental and state sector, in field of care for terminal ill patients. Diploma work combines teoretical background and information, achived by the studium of literature and my own experiences, and practical facts. Author got these facts during the studium of present-day situation in field of care for terminal ill patients. For helping improve the hospice position in czech society I involved in this thesis the analysis of cooperation between hospices and press. I also involved, for the same purpose, the recommendation for improving this cooperation (or for establishing the cooperation). Diploma work will be offered to the Charles University - Faculty of Humane studies, to the involved and other hospices and to the other readers too.
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