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The Journal Pravo lidu 1945-1948:Hopes,Aims and Tattered Ideals
Plívová, Viktorie ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The daily Právo lidu (Peoples' Rights), a paper of the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party (ČSSD), started to be published 12 of May 1945, immediately after a forced break during the Second World War. However, its renewed edition did not last much longer than mere three years. After the Social Democratic Party merged with the Communist Party the newspaper was closed, or more precisely "diverted" under the auspices of Rudé právo (Red right), the central organ of the Communist Party. My aim in writing this thesis is a study of this period as such, its presentation on the pages of Právo lidu, or a presentation of some major historical events on the pages of the diary and the form of the paper itself. The work is therefore divided into two main parts. The first is a theoretical introduction describing pivotal moments in the development of post-war Czechoslovakia, where I am focusing on the description of the aspects that shaped the period, formed the internal political situation and directed the former Czechoslovakia into the Soviet Union's sphere of influence. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the very analysis of the diary in the years 1945 - 1948, its form, its way of distributing the information and describing certain political moments, as well as the anchorage of the daily in party structures. A...
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Social demokratic publicists in the post-February exile (1948-1953)
Horák, Pavel ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Sekera, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis (Journalism of Social Democratic Exile after February 1948 /1948- 1953/) studies the history of social democratic party in exile between the years 1948 and 1953 with special focus on journalism, news service and propaganda. The thesis describes formation of party fractions and deals with how they defined themselves, communicated and presented themselves in the media. The thesis then goes on to analyse the newspaper format, production and financing thereof as well as the number of copies. It looks into broadcasting activities of social democrats and their plans related to the setup of illegal radio. Based on the cases of party secretary Vilím Blažej and Bohumil Laušman, the last party chairman prior to February 1948, the thesis analyses the question whether single groups within the party in the given time period tried by its journalistic activities to primarily influence events in Czechoslovakia or whether these efforts slowly faded due to rivalry between fractions and frustration over hopeless political situation and lack of audience in such an extent that media outputs were later on confined only to discussions within the party and to barely expressing political views.
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Asthetics and attitudes of the "new objectivity" in the "Zeitroman" of the late Weimar Republic
Jobová, Karolina ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
- english The focal points of this thesis are the aesthetic principles and categories of the "new objectivity" and their development in the literary scientific discourse (1913-1932), as well as their establishment in the literary production as a reaction to the preceding period of expressionism. Using the four "new objective" novels, the goal is to demonstrate the artistic procedures, issues and typical characters of the "new objectivity" as a dominant literary movement of the '20's and the beginning of '30's. At the same time, a special attention is dedicated to the social climate, the impact of the Great Depression on the professional life and on unemployment as well as to the emancipation of women and picture of "new woman", the polarization of the political spectrum, the political and ideological positions of the typical characters, as well as the role of the media such as film and press and other aspects of the contemporary reality, all of which is reflected in the selected literary works. As a starting point of the stylistic and content analysis were selected "new objective" novels of the late period of the Weimar Republic, published after 1929. Since they all reflect the current events of the time, they can be classified as period novels ("Zeitromane"). The following novels were analysed:...
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Visual Art in the Housing Estates of Brno (1945–1989)
Kořínková, Jana ; Bartlová, Milena (referee) ; Hrůša, Petr (referee) ; Chamonikolasová, Kaliopi (advisor)
With special attention being paid to the development in the city of Brno, the dissertation focuses on the issue of applying artworks in Czechoslovak architecture after World War II. The main research questions – Why were in Czechoslovakia after 1945 artworks again integrated in architecture and what strategies were applied in the case of the newly built housing estates in the city of Brno? – are answered in two successive sections. First, the institutional background for application of art in architecture in the light of the events in Brno (1945–1993) is examined; the closing part is devoted to three case studies that illustrate local development in the period of socialist realism, creative release of the1960s and political normalization. The aim is to highlight the complexity of the examined subject and refute a popularly handed down conviction that integration of artworks into architecture in the period of socialism was motivated exclusively by the communist propaganda, and to show that the attempts to create a synthesis of art and architecture were also based both on earlier theoretical considerations about the educational function of art and its effect on humans and the need to improve poor economic situation of artists after World War II.
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The stay and activities of Mann brothers in Prague between 1933-1938
Cvachová, Veronika ; Mravcová, Marie (referee) ; Holý, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with the stay and activities of Thomas and Heinrich Mann in the Czechoslovakia between 1933 and 1938. It is divided into three main parts. After evaluating a general situation of the German refugees in the Czechoslovakia, it focuses on the older of both Mann brothers, Heinrich. Although his wife and daughter permanently stayed in Prague, Heinrich himself visited Prague only once during the 1930s. On the other hand he was the first member ofthe Mann family to gain the Czechoslovak citizenship and he actively supported the exile anti-Nazis endeavours in his essayistic works that were frequently published in the Prague-basedjournals and papers. The third part of this thesis deals with Thomas Mann. It attempts to show that Thomas appeared to be much more connected with the German environment and thus he essentially suffered from an uneasy reconciliation with the enforced exile. Consequentially he managed to keep a certain distance to the actual political events at least until 1936. Afterescaping the Nazis Germany he visited the Czechoslovakia three times while taking lectures all around the Europe. He undertook the last visit already as a Czechoslovak citizen. His activities in the Czechoslovakia wcre mainly connected with the Foundation of Thomas rv1ann, which aimed at supporting Gennan exile...
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Reflexion of the Spanish Civil War in the work of Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell
Macáková, Martina ; Rak, Jiří (advisor) ; Pelánová, Anita (referee)
The Spanish Civil War was an extraordinary event that draught unprecedent attention of intellectuals all around the world. The wast majority of them took side of the Republicans. It was also the case of two writers whose works were marked by the greatest response and to some extent ifnluenced the reception of the conflict by our society. Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell came to Spain with different expectations, they each played in spanish drama distinct role and reflected their experience diversly, however they shared the belief that the Republic is a cause worth to be fighting for. The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the political message of two most important literal accounts that have been written on background of the Spanish Civil War, to describe the circumstances of their origins and publication and to account how the public in Spain, their home countries and also in Czechoslovakia react to them. Hemingway's novel For Whom the Bell Tolls and Orwell's Homage to Catalonia proof to be a testimony how strong is the bond between history and literature. The popular Spanish images depicted by writers such as Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell have not disappeared, only was overshadowed by Franco's dictatorship.
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From broadside ballads to Osvobozené divadlo
Vašková, Drahomíra ; Randák, Jan (referee) ; Kvaček, Robert (advisor)
This work analyses the development of broadside ballads, it researches its relation to historical events, and it looks on the possibility ofbroadside ballad to be one ofthe source of historian knowledge. The work takes notice even about the period of dying away ofbroadside ballads at he end of 19th century, when the function of recent news servi ce about social and political affairs take over not even numerous parodies ofbroadside ballads but also ballads of new rising cabarets and some avant-garde theatrical pageants. Broadside ballads are proofs of aH happenings that surrounded common people. They document not only Turkish wars, Napoleon's wars, Prussian - Austrian wars in 1866 but also natural disasters, slaughters, personal miseries and innovations. They are mainly documents of perceptions of reality, basic historical facts are aside. Broadside ballad is not an art work. Mainly it is more interesting by its structural scheme, pointed by language trifle. It is a work of unknown author made for the market. The ballad was mainly presented and sold on the squares. It use to have only approximate character, it was supposed to influence opinion of certain group of people. The ballad is not only the testimony of historical facts, but also about the character of the author and about the environment in which it...
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The Black Death and Bohemian Art at the End of the 14th Century
Vyšohlídová, Marie ; Petráček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kubín, Petr (referee)
Anglická anotace The Black Death and the art in Bohemien at the end of the 14th century The study discusses the relation between the art and the Black Death in Bohemian lands at the end of the 14th century. The aim of the study is not just to present concrete productions or artists, but also to demonstrate the impact of critical events that time on human beings and subsequently their impact on the art. The study is focused on the art against background of historical, political and socio- cultural events.The main aim of this study was trying to find the sources of inspiration of iconographic subject matters of Bohemian pieces and set them in the comparison with subject matters of foreign fellows. Art Bohemia Black Death Death Iconography
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Theatre criticism in the magazine "Divadlo" ("The Tbeatre") in 1953
Kunderová, Radka ; Just, Vladimír (advisor) ; Herman, Josef (referee)
This master thesis deals with a so far not explored area - a detailed analysis of the Czech theatre review criticism under the totalitarian communistic regime. The criticism in the magazíne "Divadlo" (1949 - 1970), the main theatre periodical in the fifties (from 1957 together with "Divadelní noviny" ("The Theatre Newspaper")) has been chosen as a sample. The analysis focuses on the year 1953 when the Soviet dictator J. V. Stalin and the Czech president Klement Gottwald died and that is why this year is generally identified with the first liberalization in Czechoslovakia as well as in the other Sovietized states. The aim of the master thesi s was not only to precisely describe the reviews, but also to find out, whether they changed after these fundamental events in the political and social development. The essay consists of two basic parts: the first one handles the historical context, both the social and in the area of theatre, resumes the history of the magazine "Divadlo" and shortly describes the theory and history of social realism unti11953. The second part focuses on the detailed qualitative analysis ofthe texts. The chapters about history show briefly the character of the theatre sphere which hinged on the policy ofthe state and the Communist Party. The magazine "Divadlo" was created one year after...
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Reflection of a socialistic ideology in Czech and Bulgarian publicistic style
Poborský, Petr ; Rangelová, Albena (referee) ; Gladkova, Hana (advisor)
This thesis is devoted to a socialistic propaganda in Czechoslovak and Bulgarian publicistic texts, explanatory dictionaries and other written materials of the 1940s and 1950s. It compares a press-lexicon being used before socialistic revolutions in 1944, 1948 and after them. Found realia shall be compared with the synchronic Russian materials. The thesis specifies a compendium of the most characteristic contemporary designations, follows their functions in publicistic and other texts (political speeches, essays). It documents an influence of Russian language upon the Czech and Bulgarian. It notes the relation between linguistic and historical events.
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