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Securitization of Migration in the 2017 French Presidential Election
Krutá, Gréta ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kaleta, Ondřej (referee)
Far-right parties and anti-immigration moods were on the rise in 2017 European politics. After Brexit vote and Donald Trump's triumph in the US elections, whole world was watching the 2017 French presidential election with great vigilance. Using the method of discourse analysis, the principal objective of this master thesis is to identify to what extent was the immigration constructed as security threat in presidential election and how did major presidential candidates use political discourse for identity construction - positive representation of French Self and negative representation of Migrant Other. For the purpose of analysis, first three presidential candidates with the largest share of votes were chosen: François Fillon, Marine Le Pen and Emmanuel Macron. Concerning the theoretical framework, all research stems from Copenhagen school which defines vital concepts for our research: societal security and securitization process. From methodological point of view, Lene Hansen's Self/Other identity construction model is used. Keywords Securitization, Islam, migration, France, presidential election, discourse analysis, national identity
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Polarization of Czech society in the view of the president in 1990-2017
Tučková, Markéta ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Sládek, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with political polarization of Czech society regarding the trust in all presidents from 1990 till today. It introduces the term 'political polarization' and its main research areas, especially various aspects of the electorate polarization. The thesis describes theories of voters' polarization, the specific relationship between polarization and ideological consistency, and topics of the polarizing influence of presidents, mass media and electoral process. The empirical section analyses the development of people's polarization in terms of trusting presidents and determines whether the groups declaring strong trust and distrust show specific sociodemographic characteristics, political orientation and political engagement. Datasets from The Public Opinion Research Centre's survey Our Society between the years 1990 and 2017 were used.
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An Analysis of Candidate Branding in 2016 Presidential Campaingn in the USA
Marxtová, Kateřina ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Vranka, Marek (referee)
American political campaigns, as well as the political marketing tools used in their course, are used as a benchmark for campaigns here in Europe. The reason for that is their complexity and their usage of various touch points when communicating with the electorate, while at the same time maintaining a unified message. In Autumn 2016, the presidential election will take place in the USA - these specific elections will then be a subject of this thesis. The aim of this thesis is to analyze presidential candidates and their communication during their final run for office from the perspective of candidate branding. The other phenomenon to be taken into account will be the celebrification of politicians. This paper should offer a detailed perspective on the brands of both of the candidates and their evolution throughout the campaign. The thesis will focus on the period from the end of the primaries to the day of the election on 8th November 2016.
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The analysis and comparison of the media response on the political campaigns of Miloš Zeman and Karel Schwarzenberg prior to presidential election in 2013
Ročková, Anna ; Halada, Jan (advisor) ; Moravec, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with a media response to a presidential campaigns of Miloš Zeman and Karel Schwarzenberg as they were the two candidates of the second round in presidential elections. This media response is analysed in newspapers Mladá fronta Dnes, Hospodářské noviny, Lidové noviny, Právo and on internet portals iDnes, iHned, lidovky.cz. This presidential election took place in 2013 and it was historicaly the first presidential election when inhabitants of the Czech republic elected the president directly and that is why not only the selected media but also society took interest in such an occasion. With a certain time distance, this bachelor thesis rates how did media responded on the presidential campaigns of the candidates of the second round of this election and if it was more the printed media or the online reported about this presidential election. Another goal of this thesis is to find out whether any of those two candidates used a negative campaing against his oponent. The theoretical part deals with the terms used in the thesis, with the presidential election itself with biography of the candidates and of course with the media. The practical part contains the analysis of the media response of the selected media, the comparison of online and printed media and also the analysis of...
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Presidential systems
Křtěnová, Monika ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Ondřejková, Jana (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the presidential system as one of the distinguished alternatives of existing political systems in the present democratic society. This thesis is divided into three parts. The primary aim of the first part is to produce a brief overview of individual political systems and to outline their mutual differences through the description of their characteristics. The second part describes a specific political system in this world - namely the United States of America which became the source of inspiration for all subsequently established systems of this type. This part focusing on the United States is then divided into three separate chapters where each of them provides a view of particular branches of the government which form a constitutional system of the state together. These chapters offer not only the characteristics of these particular government branches and their central government bodies, but they also explain their mutual relationship and the control mechanism and particularly their relation to the President who is the key character of the entire presidential system, also his office and his powers. The main source of information, from which this part of the thesis proceeds, is the United States Constitution itself which is, as the supreme law of the state, the...
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Women Candidates in US Presidential Election
Machová, Kateřina ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This thesis deals with the up to date topic of women as head of the United States of America. Although a woman has not yet been a President or Vice President of the U.S., there have been several women who came very close. This paper examines the path of American women from the private sphere of life into politics and also looks at how the women's equality is grounded in the rules of the two main political parties. Women in political office often have to face unequal bias from the media and society. Women are being judged and evaluated differently than their male counterparts. In this thesis, the phenomenon of gendered reporting is explained and summed up. In its last part, this paper includes the profiles of three women - Geraldine Ferraro, Sarah Palin and Hillary Clinton, three women who got the closest to the American presidency.
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Political communication and politainment in the presidential election of 2013 in the Czech Republic
Všetíčková, Denisa ; Kunštát, Daniel (advisor) ; Váňa, Tomáš (referee)
The presented Thesis "Political Communication and Politainment in the Presidential Election in the Czech Republic in 2013" analyses political communication in the historically first presidential election campaign in the Czech Republic. I saw the presidential election as an opportunity to research a new platform of political communication that politainment is. The primary aim of the Thesis is to introduce this concept in the context of the current nature of political communication and at the same time to identify variables defining this phenomenon in the Czech environment. Analysis of the elements of politainment is performed on campaigns of the two most successful candidates aspiring for the office of the President of the Czech Republic - Miloš Zeman and Karel Schwarzenberg. I focused primarily on the television appearance of both candidates in TV debates broadcasted by Czech Television, which were the climax of the entire presidential campaign. I was interested in the content of communication of both candidates and the overall character of the debates. The Thesis answers the following questions: What is political communication and its role in politics? How does its form change over time? Does personalisation of election campaigns result in the emergence of politainment as a phenomenon of political...
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Women as presidential candidates: Radičová, Tymoshenko and Grybauskaité
Martinovská, Veronika ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on women in politics, specifically on the cases when a woman is running for a president. For a purpose of the thesis 3 candidates were chosen, Radičová, Tymoshenko and Grybauskaite, i. e. one successful and two unsuccessfull ones. These case were chosen intentionally among countries of postcommunism space, where we can expect role of gender stereotypes, especially when running for the position of head of state. This thesis's object is to compare all the women candidates and explore possible causes of their success/ unsuccess based on the conditions and stereotypes dominating in a country. Thesis focuses on election campaign, party affiliation or support of each candidate and their effect on voters.
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The Czech presidential election law and its comparison with presidential election amendments of European Union countries
Šutka, Pavel ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Václav (referee)
The dissertation investigates a constitutional amendment to the 2012 legislation of the presidential election. The amendment introduced an election of the president through a popular vote, which was a historical milestone for the Czech legal system. However, the new adjustment was adopted in haste and evinces many deficiencies; that was proven in the 2013 presidential election. Therefore, the aim of the dissertation is to describe problematical parts of the new legal adjustment and find some possible solutions. The main topics are as follows: 1) modification of the basic concepts of the election system, 2) candidate nomination process, 3) election campaign funding and 4) ethical aspects of the election campaign. A comparison of legal adjustments of 14 EU countries with the direct presidential election (the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Finland, France, Croatia, Ireland, Cyprus, Lithuania, Poland, Portugal, Austria, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) was done, in order to find appropriate solutions. Apart from the results of comparison, the dissertation is based on reports by GRECO, OSCE and the corresponding Czech judicature. In conclusion, the Czech adjustment of the presidential election meets every democratic principle, but, at the same time, contains many mistakes. Especially the queries of "election campaign...
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