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Optimization of Electrophoretic Methods for Study of Glycation of Aspartate Aminotransferase by Methylglyoxal
Bacílková, Eliška ; Szotáková, Barbora (referee) ; Boušová, Iva (advisor)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Eliška Bacílková Supervisor: PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Optimization of electrophoretic methods for study of glycation of aspartate aminotransferase by methylglyoxal Main scope of this thesis was the optimization of several electrophoretic methods for monitoring of the course of glycation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) by methylglyoxal as well as of the effect of selected antioxidants at this process. I observed formation of high-molecular protein aggregates using denaturing electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE) and Western blotting and changes in the molecular charge of AST during glycation using native PAGE. In both types of electrophoresis, I searched for suitable concentration of the separation gel and the amount of loaded protein. Further, I compared three routinely used staining methods (Silver Staining, Coomassie Blue R-250 and G-250). I found out that the high-molecular aggregates with molecular weight about 130 and 160 kDa, which corresponds to tri- and tetramers of AST, are formed with increasing concentration of methylglyoxal. Using immunochemical detection, I detected glycation products with molecular weight mainly about 70 and 130 kDa and with molecular...
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Main regards development of economy faculties agriculture universities in Czech Republic
Krejčí, Petr ; Majerová, Věra (advisor) ; Krejčířová, Olga (referee)
On average, every person spends approximately 40 years in the labour market and all this time he/she must be prepared to adapt to constant changes. All branches of the educational system should pay attention to the issue of lifelong learning. The field of agriculture is no exception to this rule. This PhDr thesis is divided into two major parts. The first one comprises theoretical starting points for the second part, which focuses on the process of the realisation of lifelong learning in selected institutions. The aims of the thesis deal with the following three issues: to show the link between the development of the agricultural sector and agricultural universities to clarify the position of Czech agricultural universities within the framework of the Czech educational system to concentrate on exploring the relationship of economy-oriented agricultural universities and faculties to the processes of lifelong learning. An introduction to the topic is provided in the chapter on the development of the Czech republic and agriculture since 1989, which covers the changes in agriculture in the period of transformation, as well as the prospects of the Czech lands. Pedagogical aspects of special characteristics of university-level pedagogy as part of the realisation of lifelong learning are described in the chapter...
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Fiacres and cab carriages in Prague
Břečka, Josef ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor)
This fmal thesis makes an attempt to give account of the development of fiacre and cab carriage transport in Prague. It concentrates on two maitl themes. Firstly, it deals with the development of this type of transport in the historical, cultural and industrial growth of the city, technical aspects and institutions. Secondly, the thesis attempts to capture the chann of old Prague dominated by this phenomenon of horse drawn public transport throughout the whole of the 19 century. Since horses were the main driving power in the city at that time, Prague absorbed them and made them part of its culture. Many sights and crafts remind of the specific horse culture in the city. There are not only various pieces of horse tack, fonner stables and riding halls, but also means of transport, such as horse-drawn wagons and cabs oftoday's tourist promenade transport. Part of the charm of the city was also linked with the typical men-abouttown coachers or cabmen who have been part of the atmosphere ofthe city until today, and the author also tries to show their everyday life. The thesis describes the overall development of the public transport in Prague from the flist punts and rafts, ferrying passengers across the Vltava River, and sedan chairs, carrying their customers along the streets of old Prague, via the first...
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Cribra orbitalia - prevalence and coincidence with another signs of diseases on skeleton. Medieval findings from the Czech Republic territory.
Poláková, Veronika ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Likovský, Jakub (advisor)
Cribra orbitalia represents one of the most frequent bone pathologies in skeletal remains of past populations. This lesion is characterised by porous, furrowed even trabecular disruption on the outer table of the compact bone on the orbital roof. Although the origin of cribra orbitalia is linked to marrow hyperplasia as a consequence of iron deficiency anemia, even other causes are not ruled out. Both occurences cribra orbitalia alone and coincidence with other signs of diseases have been recorded. Research of this study applies to cribra orbitalia as a long- term stress indicator on the skeleton and a symptom of specific diseases or anemic syndroms. Skeletal remains from Czech medieval sites with presence of cribra orbitalia as well as whole graveyard from Oškobrh were analysed. Macroscopical investigation did not demonstrate periodic coincidence of cribra orbitalia and specific bone signs of the diseases. However, the following bone changes have been observed: hyperostosis porotica, increased vascularization, supranasal porosity, inflammatory- hemorrhagic reaction on the endocranium which can in terms of differential diagnosis help to clarify the nature and/or cause of the origin of cribra orbitalia. Comparison of the population from Oškobrh with other medieval graveyards showed that frequency of...
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Slang in the area of information technologies
Kosinová, Tereza ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee) ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis is dealing with the sociolect of the information technology area. It tries to better understand the cohesion of contemporary society with information technologies (IT) from the language locution point of view. It describes the influence of the English language on the phraseology and terminology of this domain. It specifies the graphic, morphological, and pronunciation area of transmition of anglicisms into the IT language. Thereby it attempts to approach the kind of relationship between technical language and slang expressions. The thesis also summarizes the slang expressions in the vocabulary part, where it describes individual entries, and presents the words which slang expressions originated from. It concentrates on the origination of slang expressions, divides them into the individual cathegories, specifies their creation, and shows individual examples for better understanding.
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Specifics of broadcast transmission for listeners in the age category 30-50 years
Drobná, Šárka ; Maršík, Josef (advisor) ; Moravec, Václav (referee)
This dissertation deals with the radio broadcasting in the Czech Republic that is focused on a group of listeners aged 30-50 years. It especially covers the public and private radio stations with statewide coverage. It also surveys what kind of formats of stations and broadcast programs dominate at target listeners and what the target listeners themselves expect from the broadcasting. The work is divided into the chapters and subchapters. The first chapter is concentrated on the development of the public and private radio broadcasting after the year 1989. It describes the demonopolization of Československý rozhlas and formation of competition of private stations, the ending of Československý rozhlas and origin of Český rozhlas, which serve as a statutory organization. The second chapter is aimed at the beginning or private broadcast stations with statewide significance. The third chapter focuses on both formats of radio stations and the formats of programs which are recently used in the radio broadcasting. The fourth chapter briefly describes the program of three favorite stations of the target audience. Last chapter summarizes research part of dissertation. The questionnaires investigated the listening preferences of target group, which stations the listeners prefere and which content of...
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Impact of the american mortgage crisis on the economy of Iceland
Radilová, Eva ; Antoš, Ondřej (advisor) ; Jílek, Josef (referee)
This paper concentrates on the beginning of the mortgage crisis on the United States mortgage market. It deals with its global and local impacts and explains its origin against the economic background. After that it fluently continues with describing the origins of the Icelandic crisis. It is mentioned in this part that despite the economic boom the origins of the crisis had arisen at that time. After the burst the progression of the crisis including its impacts on macroeconomic indicators is described in this document. In conclusion the Icelandic crisis is being explained on the economic theory basis, compared to the American crisis and the question if Iceland was really a victim of the subprime mortgage crisis is answered there.
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Gene silencing of ICAM-1 by lysine modified oligonucleotides
Kocourková, Aneta ; Štaud, František (advisor) ; Nachtigal, Petr (referee)
Conjugation of ligands to antisense oligonucleotides is a promising approach for enhancing their effects on gene expression. In this study 2'-O-lysylaminohexyl group was linked to the uridine base, which replaces one, two or three thymine bases thus modifies the oligonucleotides. This exchange of bases was tested for improvement of silencing target protein expression. Effectivity of modifications in silencing target protein expression was examined with the alicaforsen sequence (DNA) and siRNA. Alicaforsen, currently in clinical trial 3, is a phosphorothioate targeting ICAM-1, which was the model used to evaluate the influence of modifications. The same target was chosen for siRNA to compare the efficiency of DNA and siRNA substances. For the first time, down-regulation of ICAM-1 was shown on the blood brain barrier cell line ECV304. Unmodified/modified antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA sequences were transfected into ECV304 cells with the help of a transfection agent lipofectamine 2000. After 24 hours of transfection cells were disrupted by a chemical lysis. Protein concentrations were determined by Bradford protein assay. ICAM-1 inhibition was assessed with western blot. The inhibitory effect of ICAM-1 was normalized to the corresponding actin and untreated cells. ICAM-1 protein levels were...
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The principles of internet communities
Vrba, Jaroslav ; Mišurec, David (advisor) ; Košárek, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis concentrates on Internet communities, shows their principles of working and compare the most important of them. The aim of this thesis is to explain how internet communities works. It compares their features and provide to reader a possibility of making own opinion on them. The internet communities are compared from global and local Czech aspect. This thesis shows their functionalities, benefits and from the other hand their disadvantages linked with usage, including possibilities of protection. Author attached his own research in form of questionnaire aimed on Facebook users. Next to the last chapter shows economic aspect of the community servers, what are their costs and revenues.
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Pathophysiology of brain trauma.
Chovančík, Josef ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Author: Josef Chovančík Title of diploma thesis: Trauma and pathophysiological of brain damage Form: Master Thesis Name of University: Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Field: Pharmacy Background: Work in the first part describes the construction of the nervous and vascular system at key points which relate to the topic. Focuses on basic functional principles of both systems, which together are both anatomically and functionally linked. In its special section then discusses his own brain injury. Includes incidence, causes and mechanisms of its formation, classify its severity. Describes the pathophysiological processes in the brain injury that are the focus of today's scientific research. Findings and conclusion: Based on the work of our search, we concluded that the pathophysiological picture of cerebral tissue damage involves many, mutually interlocking mechanisms. We found that the toxic effect of excitatory amino acids leads to a massive increase in intracellular calcium concentration. The resulting stepped-pathological activation of many enzymes and inhibition of mitochondrial function. Damage to nerve cells is also caused by free radicals that cause damage to cell membranes, proteins and molecular genetic...
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