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Production and characteritzation of extracellular hydrolases from selected moulds
Skoumalová, Petra ; Čarnecká, Martina (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on study of potential production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. The theoretical part deals with characterization of selected hydrolytic enzymes, their catalytic properties, the possibility of extracellular hydrolase production by fungi and their applications. In experimental part production strains Aureobasidium pullulans, Fusarium solani and Phanerochaete chrysosporium were used. Productions of cellulase, amylase, xylanase, lipase, protease and lignin-degraded enzymes (laccase, manganese- dependent peroxidase, lignin peroxidase) were observed. Cultivations were carried out in submersed mode in mineral medium supplemented by waste co-substrates such as wheat bran, corn bran, rice bran and oat bran, sawdust, rice, apple fiber, egg pasta and egg-free pasta. Production of enzymes depended on the substrate type and time of cultivation. The highest cellulase, xylanase and amylase activities were measured in the first period of cultivation (3 to 7 day). Lignin-degraded enzymes and proteases were produced at the end of cultivation (7 to 10 days). Lipolytic activity was detected only in A. pullulans, where the activity increased with time of cultivation. The highest value was determined during cultivation on wheat bran (3.6 nmol/ml.min). The highest xylanase and celulase activity (170.3 nmol/ml.min, 248.0 nmol/ml.min) were determined during cultivation of F. solani on corn bran. The highest amylase activity (111.8 nmol/ml.min) was reported in P. chrysosporium during the cultivation on rice. The highest protease activity (68.0 nmol/ml.min) was determined in F. solani grown on wheat bran. The best producer of laccase was A. pullulans, the highest production was recorded for egg-free pasta (27.0 nmol/ml.min). The maximum lignin peroxidase activity (12.5 nmol/ml.min) was measured during the cultivation of F. solani on egg pasta, while the highest yield of Mn-dependent peroxidase (7.7 nmol/ml.min) was achieved during the cultivation of A. pullulans on wheat bran. Lignin-degraded enzymes behaved as inductive, while the other enzymes were produced in mineral medium too. Activity of cellulase in the mineral medium was in A. pullulans strain higher than in media with waste substrates. Enzymes produced into A. pullulans medium were purified by ultrafiltration, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration.
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Evaluation of porosity in gravity - cast Al - alloy castings
Staňková, Markéta ; Nová, Iva (referee) ; Čech, Jaroslav (advisor)
Solving of this diploma thesis is evaluation porosity in sequence on mechanical properties from different Al alloys. Castings were made by gravity casting to the iron-mould or gravity casting to the sand. Measurements (mechanical properties, porosity, DAS - dendrite arm spacing, shape factors and sphericity) were statistically analysed and dependencies which were detected were processed to the graphs.
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Adaptable heuristic for source code similarity measuring.
Vodsloň, František ; Kopecký, Michal (referee) ; Holan, Tomáš (advisor)
Most of systems for plagiarism detection within a set of source codes is based on sequential comparing of each source code with all other source codes in the set. Computed similarity is in most cases so low, that we can deduce compared codes are not plagiarized. Purpose of this work is to create a heuristic algorithm for pre-selection of source code pairs for comparing. Heuristic algortihm should effectively aproximate results of the main comparing program, which is more complicated and slower. The plagiarism detection system will then decide, based on the result of heuristic algorithm, whether the source code pair will be compared using main comparing program or not. Algorithm should be self-adapting - it should be able to improve itself depending on the set of source codes saved in system.
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A study of HILIC mechanism on selected UHPLC stationary phases
Ježková, Kateřina ; Nováková, Lucie (advisor) ; Chocholouš, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Kateřina Ježková Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Lucie Nováková, Ph.D. Title of Diploma thesis: A study of HILIC mechanism on selected UHPLC stationary phases This diploma thesis deals with a study of HILIC mechanism of Ascentis HILIC Express (2.1 x 100 mm, 2.7 µm, Sigma-Aldrich), ACQUITY UPLC BEH HILIC (2.1 x 100 mm, 1.7 µm, Waters) and ACQUITY UPLC BEH AMIDE (2.1 x 100 mm, 1.7 µm, Waters) stationary phases. Totally 15 analytes had been selected for testing of the characteristics of the stationary phases. The analytes were divided into groups of acidic, basic and neutral substances. The measurement was performed on UHPLC instrument by Waters with detection by a PDA detector at the wave-length of 254 nm. Isocratic elution was used for the measurement. The flow was set to 0.4 ml/min, injection volume was 1-2 µl. Mobile phase was composed of ultrapure water or buffer and acetonitrile. For an easier evaluation, tables and charts were constructed from measured data. Lin-lin, log-lin and log-log plots were constucted. The stationary phases were evaluated in terms of selectivity and retention of the individual groups of analytes. The influence of a percentage of water and acetonitrile in mobile...
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Variability of respiratory parametrers as a consequence of postural segmental differenctial
Lucáková, Michaela ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee) ; Jelen, Karel (advisor)
Variabilita respiračních parametrů jako důsledek polohové segmentální diferenciace 2010 SUMMARY Work title: Variability of respiratory parameters as a consequence of postural segmental differentiation Aim of the thesis: To detect changes in breathing parameters depending on the position of body segments. Study is focusing on sitting and standing position, a research metodology a their measurements. The first part is focused on literature base of the thesis. In the second, special section, is making a research, where we panned respiratory parameters in the sitting and standing position. The aim is to compare the measured values between these 2 positions and make a conclusion. Methods: - Spirometry - Qualisys technology Results: Changes in respiratory parameters between sitting and standing were individual. Objectively, we found that in standing position against the sitting position increased on avarage values of vital lung capacity. Expansion of the chest in the sagittal plane measured by the distance of 2 points avarage declined in standing. Chest expansion measured by the area in the transverse plane in standing on average decreased. Conversely, increased chest expansion measured by the area in the sagittal plane. Key words: respiration, sitting, standing, breathing, objectivisation, spirometry, Qualisys ~ 4 ~
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Effect of prophylactic and functional knee brace and knee sleeve on plantar pressure distribution during stance phase of gait in healthy individuals
Pánková, Barbora ; Jelen, Karel (advisor) ; Lopot, František (referee)
Title: Effect of prophylactic and functional knee brace and knee sleeve on plantar pressure distribution during stance phase of gait in healthy individuals Summary: Knee bracing is a very commonly used method by both doctors and patients. Brace producers and also most of the studies focus the effect of the brace directly on the knee joint, but do not study, how it influences other regions of human body. This work studied the influence of knee bracing on plantar pressure distribution changes and also changes of the progression of the centre of pressure (COP). This study rewiewed the literature for the theoretical background in biomechanics and kinesiology of gait, description of structural, functional and methodological factors influencing the dynamic interaction of the foot contacting the ground and a review of knee brace questions. The experimental part concerns a study of the gait of 6 healthy subjects using a Footscan platform and the effects of three types of knee braces on the dynamic interaction of the foot contacting the ground. Methods: We used the Footscan modular measuring system (RSscan International, Belgium) and the force platform Kistler to detect both relative and absolute values of forces and plantar pressures under particular regions of the foot using three types of knee braces....
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Comparation of Software Process Maturity Level of Enterprises in Czech Republic
Borský, Miroslav ; Král, Josef (referee) ; Richta, Karel (advisor)
There are many software developing companies in the Czech republic. However the quality of their software processes is almost unknown. The thesis provides insight into the maturity level of the software processes and finds a relation between the maturity level and a size of the company. The survey of the maturity level was performed at fifteen companies developing the financial software. Additionally, a bank and a foreign company teams were chosen for a comparison. Collected data were represented in a graphical format and a description was provided. A correlation between a size of a company and the maturity level rating have been detected at five out of eighteen process areas and at two out of four process area groups. A possible explanation for those correlations was offered.
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Multi-electrode system of ionization detector for environmental scanning electrone microscope
Uhlář, Vít ; Špinka, Jiří (referee) ; Jirák, Josef (advisor)
Thesis deals with environmental scanning electron microscopy and with detection of signal electrons by using ionization detector. First part talks about the principle of environmental scanning electron microscope. Second part describes signals generated by interaction of primary electron beam with sample. Third section explains the principle of impact ionization and ionization detector. Experimental part deals with usage of segmental ionization detector and with measuring of signal amplification from copper and platinum. Thesis also examines arrangement of electrodes of ionisation detector on material contrast and examines also on influence of voltage contrast on base - emitter junction of an NPN bipolar transistor. All experiments were carried out in dependency on saturated water vapour pressure in sample chamber.
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Analýza korelácií kurzov národných mien: Sú korelácie v čase stabilné?
Šimonová, Silvia ; Mandel, Martin (advisor) ; Šíma, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes correlations of exchange-rates. Its aim of this thesis is to establish and verify the causes of exchange-rate correlations using correlation analysis. The first chapter examines the impact of funadamentals on currency correlation. The second chapter is devoted to the theory of correlation analysis as a statistical method, which detects linear dependencies. The third chapter is devoted to empirical verification of the currency correlations of EUR/CHF, AUD/CAD, NOK/ SEK and BRL/CLP and certain fundamentals. The key finding of this work is that correlation of the exchange rates may reflect the convergence of fundamental values, if taking into account the economic characteristics of the countries and the characteristics of used statistical files.
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The Fruit Beers Popularity in the Czech Republic
Balaštík, Milan ; Maier, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lukáš, Lukáš (referee)
The main topic of this thesis is the popularity of fruit beers in the Czech Republic. It describes a generic distribution of fruit beers, both abroad and in our country. Shows an overview of large and small manufacturers in this category in the domestic market. It focuses on the current situation flavored beer on domestic and foreign markets, according to the latest data. Based on the survey are analyzed consumer preferences in the domestic market. They are then formulated breweries general recommendations arising from the outcomes of the survey. Subsequently, using basic statistical methods detected significant correlation between the consumption of flavored beers and gender and between consumption and age of respondents. If so, then it determines the strength of this dependence. It was found that while significant correlation was demonstrated in sex exists between consumption and age of the respondents. The strength of this dependence was assessed as moderate. It was finally drafted forecast consumption of mixed drinks based on beer in the Czech Republic. The analyzed time series contained the actual annual data maintained by the Czech Beer and Malt Association from 2012 to 2015. The forecast was calculated for the next two years. It was found that consumption of mixed drinks based on beer in the future will continue to decline.
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