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Role of Adipokines and Ghrelin in Normal and Nutritionally Modulated Adjuvant Ar thritis in Rats
Štofková, Andrea ; Jurčovičová, Jana (advisor) ; Hainer, Vojtěch (referee) ; Šenolt, Ladislav (referee)
Autoimmune chronic inflammatory diseases, affecting as much as 5-7% of the general population, represent a considerable portion of human morbidity and many are known to be heritable. The clinical observations strongly suggest that even in genetically predisposed person, some trigger (an environmental exposure or change in the internal environment) is required for initiation of autoreactivity. However, for most autoimmune diseases, the trigger is unknown. Over the last decade, it has become apparent that obesity is an enhancer of chronic inflammation, and white adipose tissue products - adipokines and gastric hormone ghrelin have attracted attention for their immunomodulatory roles representing promising avenues for pharmacotherapy of autoimmune chronic inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this dissertation was to extend our understanding of the roles of adipokines and ghrelin in chronic inflammation using an experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis, adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats. The chronic inflammation was studied under the condition of (a) normofeeding, (b) overfeeding (using a model of early-life diet-induced obesity, comprising small litter size and high-fat diet consumption) and (c) 40% foodrestriction to reveal to what extent nutritional factors affect adipokine and ghrelin levels and...
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SOCIAL STABILITY AND VALUE ORIENTATION OF THE ROMANIES IN THE CESKE BUDEJOVICE REGION
SLIVKA, Roman
Today modern society is based on education which influences a future social position of an individual in a social hierarchy. Education has an influence on what kind of job I will get, how much money I will earn and how prestigious my job will be. The society is trying to have the whole population educated. Unfortunatelly, some groups of people have a limited access to education and as a result of that their chances of breaking social differences and emancipation from poor cultures are decreasing. There is a view about Roma people that education is not an important value for them and that they don´t care that much about pre-school attendance of their children or studying at basic school. If this fact is true or not, I will try to find out in my bachelor thesis which is intented to Roma relationships and education of their children.
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The Great Migration of African Americans between 1916 - 1930 and its impact on their society and culture
Kárová, Julie ; Raková, Svatava (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
The Bachelor thesis The Great Migration of African Americans between 1916 - 1930 and its impact on their society and culture deals with the migration of African Americans from the southern states of USA to north-eastern cities, using the examples of New York and Chicago. This movement of approximately 1.5 million people is considered a great redistribution of the African American population, which had a major impact on black society. A direct cause of the migration was the development of black neighbourhoods Harlem (New York) and South Side (Chicago). Particularly Harlem became the center of the flowering of African American culture in the 1920's, which became known as the Harlem Renaissance. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the impact of the migration to New York and Chicago on African American urban society and culture, which was evolving during the 1920's. It examines up to what extent can be the first phase of the Great Migration between 1916 and 1930 considered a key period for the development of black communities in Harlem and South Side and looks at the importnance of these advancing neighbourhoods. It presents the Harlem Renaissance as one of the main consequences of black urbanization and tries to examine the new atmosphere and tendencies of the urban African American population, in connection...
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Transportation and education in it as a reflection of transportation literacy in south-west Bohemia
KREJČÍ, Jan
The main object of this work on the topic {\clqq}Transportation and education in it as a reflection of transportation literacy in south-west Bohemia`` is to analyse condition of transportation literacy in a segment of academic students in this region. The development level of education in transportation, traffic coverage, the development level of means of transportation and services are conditions for transportation literacy. These are also analysed in this work. Two hypotheses were determined. The current condition of the traffic coverage is not satisfactory in this region. The education in the transportation is not embedded in a school programme, however the literacy in the chosen segment is at a good level. The situation analysis of this region based on the collection of information and their process was realized. Then the oral interview followed and questionaries were evaluated. The hypotheses were mostly confirmed on the basis of the research and situation analysis. Own recommendations for improving of the current condition were suggested. It could be for example including needful number of microbuses into the fleet of regional transporter. These microbuses would provide transportation coverage of the region in places with a low population density where establishment of classic bus lines would not be economic.
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Bronchial Asthma - predisposing factors
Vojtková, Markéta ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Ashtma is the most common chronic childhood disease in developed countries and is a complex disease that has high social and economic costs. The aim of this questionare based study was to describe the prevalence of asthma in the population of 13-15 years old children in the Czech Republic and to determine the risk factors predisposing to asthma and allergies. During the september 2005 we've sent 3775 questionaries to 64 grammar schools in the Czech Republic and till the end of february 2006 we've received 2050 questionaries back. Of these 2050 children 111 (5,41%) were according to our criteria determined as asthmatic and 765 (37,3%) as nonallergic. Among the asthmatic children there were 72 (64,9%) boys and 39 (35,1%) girls. Asthmatic children were more often described as messy (60,6% vs. 50,0%; OR=1,54) and helpless (25% vs. 14,9%; OR=1,91; 1,06<OR<3,13). According to the results of our study we may also say, that early BCG vaccination may reduce the risk of evelopig asthma, but not the risk of allergies. Our data also suggest, that parasite infctions do not protect agains asthma and it seems, that they may represnt one of the risk factors predisposing to asthma. We've also found no association between asthma and the type and frequence of the hygiene.
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Tourism product in tourism infocentre České Budějovice
KRÁLOVÁ, Miroslava
Českobudějovicko is the district situated in Southern Bohemia. Českobudějovicko can be found in the neighbourhood of town České Budějovice. The town was founded by King Přemysl Otakar II. in 1265 on the junction of Vltava and Malše rivers. This city lies in 381 metres above the sea. České Budějovice has population near one hundred thousand. It is a city full of history, magnificent monuments, but it can figure as a commercial, administrative and cultural centre. The České Budějovice district with its almost intact enviroment, its numerous ponds, forests and hills offers many opportunities for a pleasant holiday, hiking and cycling. Visitors can find here a lot of cykloturistic routes so when they decided to see the region from the bike, they are getting to know this region best. The best known sights of České Budějovice are castles, Black tower (it measures 72 meters) or historic Town Hall in the Přemysl Otakar II Square. This square is square-shaped and one hectare large. In the middle of the square is situated the baroque Samson{\crq}s Fountain from the 18th century decorated with a statue of Samson fighting with a lion. If tourists are hungry or thirsty they can wisit a restaurant. Most of today`s restaurants and hotels have a wide tradition, so it is a pleasure to sit down and taste some meal or beer and a half wich is real Bohemian product. The best-known beer in the world is certainly Budvar. When visitors want to know something they can use the tourist information center. The maps, guide books with description of the town or another souvenirs are sold there. People who live there say, that you may tour this district at any time of the year and you will allways find in it a new, still undiscovered, beauty.
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Personality of the individual in the process of attaining social status - from social reproduction to identification of the sources for intergenerational upward socialmobility.
Bariekzahyová, Tereza ; Hnilica, Karel (advisor) ; Rabušicová, Milada (referee) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
TITLE: The personality of the individual in the process of attaining social status - from social reproduction to identification of the sources for intergenerational upward social mobility. AUTHOR: Tereza Bariekzahyová DEPARTMENT: Department of Psychology SUPERVISOR: Doc. PhDr. Karel Hnilica, CSc. ABSTRACT: The thesis, in which the view through the sociological prism is enhanced by the lens of psychology, theoretically and empirically examines non-cognitive personality traits and characteristics ('Big Five', Self-esteem, Locus of Control, Willpower), within the context of the social and psychological aspects of attaining social status (influences by one's family, peers and teachers, and others), with a specific focus on intergenerational upward mobility and the identification of its sources. Research for this paper was designed as a combination of (primarily) representative questionnaire surveys among the adult population in the Czech Republic, and qualitative interviews with selected individuals who have shown intergenerational upward mobility. The results show that, aside from cognitive skills, the statistically less relevant and hitherto somewhat neglected non-cognitive traits and characteristics of individuals do play a role in the process of attaining social status. The author has been able to...
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Perception of Moors in Elizabethan England
Bielková, Andrea ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
The thesis focuses on the perception of African population in Elizabethan England. It attempts to clarify the social context and environment in which the image of an African - a dark-skinned individual - emerged and developed. The main questions the thesis aspires to answer are as follows: what social phenomena had crucial impact on the formation and transformation of the image of the Other, and what form did the image resulting from these took upon; if and how were these factors reflected in the popular culture. The main sources for the analysis are primarily travel literature and theatre production of the Elizabethan period. Key words: Elizabeth I; Moors; Negroes; travel literature; George Best; Richard Hakluyt; Elizabethan drama; Othello; The Merchant of Venice; Battle of Alcazar; Lust's Dominion; Titus Andronicus; Morocco; Berbery
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The report on the asp and spined loach populations’ status in SCI – valley reservoirs.
Blabolil, Petr ; Šmejkal, Marek ; Bartoň, Daniel ; Baran, Roman ; Draštík, Vladislav ; Jůza, Tomáš ; Kočvara, Luboš ; Koliada, Ievgen ; Kolařík, T. ; Matějíčková, Ivana ; Prachař, Zdeněk ; Sajdlová, Zuzana ; Soukalová, Kateřina ; Vebrová, Lucie ; Vejřík, Lukáš ; Kubečka, Jan
The aim of the ichthyological survey was to assess the status of reproductively active population of asp (Leuciscus aspius) in the SCI (site of community importance) Želivka (Švihov Reservoir) and spined loach (Cobitis elongatoides) in the SCI Nová Říše (Nová Říše Reservoir).
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Identification of production indicators important for definition of the selection criteria in cattle breeding.
Michaličková, Monika ; Vostrý, Luboš (advisor) ; Stádník, Luděk (referee)
The aim of the study was to apply all available information (for time period 2011 to 2013) about the dual purpose cattle breeds (Simmental and Pinzgauer) to the program package ECOWEIGHT and to suggest selection criteria for Slovak dairy and cow calf production systems. The main advantages of Ph.D. thesis were the calculation of economic weights with comprehensive consideration and updating of the current farming conditions, as well as the calculation of economic weights for new traits i. e. health and residual feed intake traits. For the calculations, the bio-economic model and the most common marketing strategy for given production system were used. The main comparative advantage of Simmental and Pinzgauer breeds, were the milk yield (dairy system) and proportion of sold calves per 100 cows (cow-calf system), respectively. For the both breeds and production systems the longevity of cows was detected as the weakness. The highest proportion in cost and revenues structure for the feeding and main products was observed, respectively. For both breeds and production systems, the profit (regardless of subsidies including) was not reached. For Simmental breed in dairy and cow calf system, the highest economic importance was observed for milk yield (19.9%) and fertility of cows (22.5%), daily gain of calves till weaning (age of 100 days; 16.1%) and weight of calves at 210 days of age (14.3%) and for the longevity of cows (11.4% and 12.4%), respectively. On the other hand, for SP breed the highest relative importance was observed for daily gain till weaning (100 days of age, 20.3%) and weight of calves at 210 days (100 days of age; 20.3%), milk yield (20.2%) and weight at 120 days of age (14.4%) and for longevity of cows (10.1% and 16.8%) in dairy and cow-calf population, respectively. Based on the results of Ph.D. thesis, it could be recommended to reconsider the current breeding objectives, as well as to redefine the selection indices of dual-purpose cattle breeds in Slovakia. The emphasise should be based to growth and functional traits, with the aim to integrate preferences of consumers (environmental criterion and popularity of animal products), as well as to ensure the sustainability of animal production.
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