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Budget implementation in the specific conditions of the city of Třebíč within the periods 2008 - 2010
Hrbková, Lucie ; Takáčová, Hana (advisor) ; Nováková, Štěpánka (referee)
The objective of this bachelor's work is to analyze the budget of Třebíč city within the fiscal periods 2008 - 2010. In the first part there is indicated history and actual status of territorial self-governing units, definition of basic concepts as budget rules, budget process, scope of municipality and executive bodies of municipality. There is described accounting reform of public finances which entered into force on 1st of January 2010. The second part is practical and it refers to the detailed analysis of budget revenues and expenditures. The rating of Třebíč city in comparison with other czech cities is aslo mentioned here. The third part deals with the grant system. There is basic information about the grant-in-aid system and the method of the evaluation of the grant applications. There is also definition of grant system, grant programme, project and grant. Finally, graphs are included comparing financial volumes of the planned and the actually provided grants.
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Piston group of in-line three-cylinder diesel engine
Drdla, Marek ; Novotný, Pavel (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to calculate a thermodynamic cycle of given engine with basic geometric, thermodynamic and operating parameters of is piston category. Then, a disign of cylindrical unit and strengrh check of piston, piston pin and conrod eye, follows. There is preliminary mentioned the principle of Diesel engine function. The body of the thesis is divided into five chapters and the attachment. At first two chapters, there are basic parameters of the engine and Sabat thermodynamic cycle described. Next chapters are focused on force load of piston, piston pin and static and dynamic stress of conrod eye. Numerical calculation of three-cylinder Diesel engine Zetor 5202 is given in the attachment. In conclusion, there is the procedure and the analysis of calculation described and zhe calculation is evaluated. Finally, a comparison of theoretical concept and real conditions is given.
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Changes in tax administration in relation to the adoption of the Tax Procedure Code
Vrbová, Lenka ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Novotný, Petr (referee)
75 Abstract - Changes in tax administration in relation to the adoption of the Tax Procedure Code For my diploma thesis I have chosen the topic which I consider as very actual currently and therefore it needs attention. The purpose of my thesis named "Changes in tax administration in relation to the adoption of the Tax Procedure Code" is to analyze the selected issues of Act no. 337/1992 Sb., about administration of taxes and fees (hereinafter the ZSDP) and refers to judgments of the Supreme Administrative Court and the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic and then compares these problematic issues with Act no. 280/2009 Sb., Tax Procedure Code, which is going to come into force on 1. January 2011. The topic I am interested in is very huge, so I do not deal with all changes in tax administration that Tax Procedure Code provides. My thesis focuses only on those areas of tax administration, which are essential for the process of tax administrators and for negotiation of taxpayers. In particular, I focus on those areas of legislation in which Tax Procedure Code establishes the rights and responsibilities that were previously inferred only from the case of the Czech court. My thesis is formally composed of five chapters, these chapters are divided into subchapters and sections. The structure is organized...
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By-laws of a Cooperative
Čechová, Hana ; Oehm, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
By-laws of cooperative The aim of the thesis is to deal with legal regulation of by-laws of a cooperative in the Czech Republic according to current legislation, after so-called recodification of civil law and to compare with foreign legal regulation. The thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter one is introductory and defines basic issues of by-laws according to contemporary statutory regulation. It describes such as a characteristics of by-law, its legal nature, methods of adoption and processing of changes, assumption of its becoming in force. The second part is dedicated to obligatory requirements of by-laws given by current legislation. The chapter deals with requirements which necessary have to be incorporated in the by-law such as provided possibility of its modification. It concerned especially with bodies of cooperative, rights and duties of its members, formation of membership and other requirements. Third chapter deals with facultative requirements of by-laws, which mean the requirements cooperative is able to choose if they should be a part of by-laws. Facultative requirements can be realized by undertaking of provision of the Commercial Code, by its extension or by its own regulation within the statutory authority. Chapter four describes a specific kind of cooperative and its...
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The Judiciary - Europa's (il)legitimate Child?
Štamberk, David ; Zemánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Král, Richard (referee)
The thesis is focused on examination of issues of legitimacy of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The problem is perceived in the context of the growing importance of the judiciary both at national and international levels. Judges are increasingly forced by circumstances to shape law. Their role in the system of bodies of states and international organisations is thus changed. The courts of the highest instance in particular become political actors. Traditional (functional) conception of their legitimacy, based on the requirements of professional credit, independence and impartiality, is then shown to be insufficient and must be supplemented by democratic legitimacy and proven existence of the legitimizing chain. Due to growing influence of international courts of justice this problem is projected to the international level. In the case of the Court of Justice of the European Union the whole problem is even more intense for its supranational character and influence, which it acquires consequently. It should therefore be at the forefront of efforts to improve the legitimacy of the international judiciary. The current situation however does not really corresond to it. Improvements in the appointment of Judges and Advocates-General were therefore proposed. Larger involvement of the European...
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Antipredatory function of flash display in Heteroptera (case of Coreus marginatus)
Pipek, Pavel ; Exnerová, Alice (advisor) ; Kleisner, Karel (referee)
1 Abstract Aim of the present study was to test antipredatory function of fulguration (or flash display), which means sudden exposition of conspicous body part on otherwise cryptic animal during escape. Adult squash bugs (Coreus marginatus; Heteroptera) were used as model prey, while as model predator served two species of passerine birds - blue tit (Cyanistes caerulus) and great tit (Parus major). Three approaches were undertaken. Test of palatability should have assessed the efficiency of squash bug chemical defence against bird predators. Experiment was carried out in experimental cage without interference of experimenter and without occurrence of fulguration. The results show that chemical defense of squash bug is less efficient than defense of other species of true bugs (Pyrrhocoris apterus, Graphosoma lineatum) and that the efficiency differs between two generations of squash bugs. In the test of efficiency of fulguration, the prey was forced by experimenter to fly in response to bird attack. Blue tits attacked the immobile prey more often than the flying and fulgurating one, but the same relation wasn't significant with great tits. The latencies of birds' returns to the bugs that landed after fulguration wasn't influenced by colour of the bugs' abdomen. Third experiment consisted of computer...
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Electromagnetic actuator of simple objects
Kolek, Andrej ; Dufek, Ivo (referee) ; Hadinec, Michal (advisor)
The main objective of this work is to study the principles of the movement of very small bodies using electromagnetic forces. The first part is acquainted with the theory of electromagnetism and the second part will focus on the already functioning device, called coil gun. In the end, I will make several practical measurments, results will be compared against theoretical assumption and take measure it.
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Summary report of results of the contract research between FZU AV ČR, v.v. i. and HVM Plasma s.r.o. for 2016
Mates, Tomáš ; Fejfar, Antonín ; Ledinský, Martin ; Vetushka, Aliaksi ; Pikna, Peter ; Bauerová, Pavla
Samples of protective layers based on DLC (Diamond-like-Carbon) on different substrates (test bodies and real components) were studied by several diagnostic methods.\nRaman spectroscopy was used for the detection of bindings in order to specify the structural variations, surface modifications both for as-deposited samples and particularly for samples that underwent different stress tests.\nScanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface structure of layers in different locations on the sample and to search suitable test spots for the subsequent analysis by the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). AFM in special modes was employed to measure the maps local mechanical properties (friction, tip adhesion, energy dissipation, etc.).\nOn a selected sample, the cross-sectional structure of the sample was analysed by the Focussed Ion Beam (FIB) and the elemental composition in various thicknesses was documented by the Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS).\n
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New Approaches in Numerical Aeroelasticity Applied in Aerodynamic Optimization of Elastic Wing
Navrátil, Jan ; Slavík, Svatomír (referee) ; Komárek,, Martin (referee) ; Hlinka, Jiří (advisor)
Aeroelasticita je nezbytná vědní disciplína zahrnuta do návrhu letounů. Zaměřuje se na předpovídání jevů, které vznikají vlivem interakce aerodynamických, elastických a setrvačných sil. Tyto jevy často vedou ke katastrofickým následkům, proto musí být prokázáno, že nevzniknou v rozsahu rychlostí ohraničujících letovou obálku. Aplikace moderních materiálů při konstrukci draku, spolu se snahou navrhnout aerodynamicky efektivní tvar křídel, vede ke zvyšování poddajnosti letounů. To má za následek změnu aerodynamických vlastností a také k výraznějšímu vliv na aeroelastické jevy, které mohou být vyvolány snadněji vlivem pohybů tuhého tělesa než v případě tužších konstrukcí. Aeroelastické jevy mohou vznikat v širokém rozsahu rychlostí zahrnujícím i transsonickou oblast. V této oblasti je ovlivněna zejména rychlost, při níž dochází k třepetání, a to vlivem nelineárních jevů v proudu. Běžné nástroje, které jsou založeny na lineárních teoriích, nejsou schopny tyto nelineární jevy popsat. Cílem práce je proto navrhnout, implementovat a otestovat nástroj pro výpočetní (numerickou) simulaci aeroelasticity. Nástroj má využívat řešič proudového pole, který je schopen předpovědět nelineární jevy. V práci je kladen důraz na simulaci statické aeroelasticity. V práci jsou popsány metody, které je nutno zahrnout do numerické simulace statické aeroelasticity. Dále je popsán vlastní nástroj a je provedeno zhodnocení konvergence statických aeroelastických výpočtů. Funkčnost nástroje byla ověřena na příkladech, kdy byly použity různé aerodynamické a strukturální modely. Nástroj byl také aplikován při aerodynamické tvarové optimalizaci poddajného křídla. Výsledky optimalizace a její výpočetní náročnost byly porovnány s případem optimalizace tuhého křídla. Na závěr je v práci prezentován příspěvek autora do výzkumu zaměřeného na zhodnocení vlivu časové synchronizace mezi CFD a CSM řešiči. Použitý testovací případ je transsonické obtékání křídla na začátku třepetání (flutteru). Výsledky byly srovnány s experimentálními daty poskytnutými NASA.
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Defensins and autoimmunity: emerging alpha-defensin based model to study mechanisms underpinning autoimmune processes
Neuwirth, Aleš ; Filipp, Dominik (advisor) ; Černý, Jan (referee) ; Michálek, Jaroslav (referee)
The process of immune "self-nonself discrimination" is of utmost importance for the survival of all species as the biodestructive force of immune system can be directed towards the host as much as to pathogens. Thus, to shift this balance towards the latter, T cells bearing self- recognizing receptors are removed in the thymus (central tolerance) or their reactivity is harnessed through various additional mechanisms in periphery (peripheral tolerance). If the selfreactive T cells are not deleted and persist in the body, the regulation of self-tolerance can be breached, leading to the onset of autoimmunity. Presented thesis revolved around α-defensins, very effective bactericidal peptides that represent an important part of humoral innate immunity. There are two types of α-defensins: myeloid, expressed predominantly in neutrophils, and enteric, synthesized by intestinal Paneth cells. Data presented inhere are first to characterized the involvement of α-defensin- expressing cells in two types of autoimmune diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T1D) and autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED). The former relates to the identification of transcriptionally activated myeloid α-defensin- expressing eosinophils present in the thymus of diabetes prone rat. In...
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