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Role of mass media in shaping the collective memory in contemporary Japan
Kovácsová, Petra ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
The thesis is focused on Japanese media and especially on their role in the Japanese society. Their impact is noticeable in the way of shaping the national collective memory. One of the unsolved issues of Japan's past, which still resonates in the Japanese society, is the issue of the former comfort women. From the beginning of the 1990s the thus far neglected issue has been given more media attention, which makes it an ideal study case for the influence of media on shaping the collective memory of a nation. With the help of one media that has been following the plight of the former comfort women incessantly till now, the Asahi Shinbun, the thesis documents the method, by which the issue has been dealt with, and the response of the public to the articles of this daily newspaper, which it has created. As the topic has been being discussed for over thirty years, the analysis of the articles is concentrated on two key periods: 1991-1997 and 2010-2014. Using Susan Pharr's model of the types of roles of mass media, the thesis seeks to learn what role the Asahi Shinbun plays in this issue and whether anything has changed in the last thirty years. Key words: role of mass media, comfort women, collective memory, public opinion, Asahi Shinbun
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Arabic minority groups in Germany
Šnaidauf, Jan ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
The submitted thesis is titled "Arab National Minorities in Germany". Tts primary a1m is to shed light for a Czech reader on the much discussed issues of large foreigner communities in a 'Western' (in this case German) society that are perceived as culturally different from the rest of the population, thus giving rise to a number of stereotypes and anxieties as well as, occasionally, open conflicts. Basic research questions refer to the true nature of those minorities, the implications of their presence there and the way the state approaches them. First, the paper justifies the term 'Arab minorities', proceeding to the circumstances of their emergence and growth in Germany. Developments of those groups after the World War TI are dealt with in more detail and are differentiated according to the basic processes: recruitment of labour farce as applied for Morocco and Tunisia, and reception oť reťugee waves notably in cases of Lebanon, Algeria and Iraq. In the second chapter, a characterization of the respective minorities is provided, as seen from several diverse points of view. First the national composition, geographical distribution and religious affiliation are examined, subsequently turning attention to the forma! characteristics of the minorities (especially the residence status) and finally to the...
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Living in Intensive Urban Structures
Zadražilová, Miroslava ; Urbášková, Hana (referee) ; Šimeček, Pavel (referee) ; Vitková, Lubica (referee) ; Menšíková, Naděžda (advisor)
As a result of changes in the society, such as the increasing mobility, increasing spatial demandindgness of inhabitants and the onset of digital technologies, the architects and urbanists have been searching for new ways of urban housing developments. One of these ways is densification, i.e. an intensive use of the urban space. An intensive urban structure uses up the potential of a place to its maximum, solves several issues simultaneously and is a functional hybrid, the home of potential suburbanizers and a place of social contacts. It comes from the efforts to solve the particular issue of an over-populated, collapsing city. The aim of the thesis is to show contemporary approaches to the issue of intensive urban structures and to map out both the built and unbuilt projects. The thesis creates a system of their categorization and taxonomy. There is always a mixture of functions in play from the functional perspective. One can distinguish five categories according to the spacial conception. These categories are as follows: multiplicity, porousness, hybridity, connectivity and verticality. The public and semi-public spaces thus move to the higher levels of the city, into the city level, urban balcony or the hybrid landscape. The built projects usually tend to be impulses, in relation to the original city, to develop and revitalize the devastated city areas, brownfields, even urban sprawls. Based on the findings of this thesis, diploma and pre-diploma project assignments have been created at the architecture department at FAST VUT in Brno and the approaches to the issue have been tested in the pedagogical process. The survey in the second part of the thesis looks for the answer to the question of whether the potential inhabitants of an intensive urban structure exist, and who these people might be.
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Forms of motivation and stimulation in the selected company
DOLNÁ, Kateřina
Currently, human resource management is one of the most important system operations of specific companies. Due to the growing effort to achieve higher competitiveness, companies are looking for new resources, namely human ones, and the importance of human capital within the global society is on the rise. The dynamic management approach involving motivational approaches strenghtens the unique role of information technology and, along with the improved quality of staff, increases general awareness. If the quality of employees and ultimately the quality of the human factor is continuously improved and if the employer motivates the employees towards innovation processes, business will be booming and will have a good position in the market. It is also desirable that employees are motivated to identify with the goals of the their company. The above issues are the main focus of this thesis. The main objective was to analyze the forms of motivation and stimulation and their impact on employees with proposed measures. An analysis of the data and other information obtained was followed by an overall evaluation of the current approaches to motivation and stimulation of human resources in the selected company. Based on this information, measures were proposed to increase employee satisfaction and motivation to better results.
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Position and Role of General Nurse in Society
KULHÁNKOVÁ, Petra
Present status: New trends in medicine and consequently in nursing gradually do not only change the view of society of the occupation of nurse, but they also increase requirements for knowledge and skills a person doing this job has. However, society does not realize the intensity of this profession which can have both positive and negative impacts on partnerships and family lives of nurses who strive to help and support people, whether they are healthy or ill. Objective: The main objective of the research survey was not only a deep analysis of the occupation of nurse in the society, but especially the effort to map the impact the profession has on the private life of a nurse. Methodology: The objective of this research was to understand all aspects of the occupation and at the same time to examine the influence of the profession on private life. These are the reasons why it was more suitable to select a qualitative survey method which was more personal and could go deeper to the given problems. The main research survey was conducted by means of a semi-structured interview which was always held in the environment selected by a respondent. The interview was carried out separately due to the possibility to obtain new facts or to compare different opinions with gender balance. Open questions were asked with a relatively wide scope to enable more extensive answers. It was unnecessary to always ask all the questions and their order was not strictly determined. Besides interviews, other survey methods were used; both qualitative ones to supplement the atmosphere during interviews, and quantitative ones in the form of an anonymous poll. The poll was not pre-planned and it only dealt with a general level of the occupation of nurse. Research cohort: The object of the research survey was partners or married couples who lived together for various periods of time, of whom one of the partners worked as a nurse in health care. The total number of respondents was 16, of which 8 women-nurses and 8 men, partners of nurses. 210 respondents participated in the poll.
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Motivation for the teaching profession
Křížová, Kateřina ; Strouhal, Martin (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
Anotace: The thesis "The motivation for the teaching profession" dealt with fundamental problems of motivation to the teaching profession. In the theoretical part, we have focused on general characteristics of terms that pertain to the teaching profession, particularly the theory of the teaching profession, the choice of the teaching profession, the phase of the teaching profession, teacher typology, the role of teacher training and professionalization of teachers, but also washed into the teaching profession, status of teachers in society, the prestige of the teaching profession, on motivation and disincentives to the teaching profession, teachers' job satisfaction and coping in the teaching profession. Based on this theoretical target was set of thesis and research work was carried out. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the motivation of students second and 3 year master's program, major in Teaching for elementary schools, the Faculty of natural sciences, humanities and teaching Technical University in Liberec, which leads to the choice and the teaching profession. Research has therefore focused mainly on the circumstances of the election of teacher training, assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of the teaching profession, the prestige of the teaching profession, etc. The research was...
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Comparison of the tax burden of employees in the Czech Republic and in the United States of America
Buček, Jan ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Kostohryz, Jiří (referee)
The purpose of the master thesis is to compare the tax burden of employees in the Czech Republic and in the United States of America according to the legislation in 2016. The theoretical part is devoted to the description of tax systems, focusing on the taxation of income from employment. In the part United States I briefly mention the development of the tax system. The practical part consists of two chapters. The first one is focused on the calculation of the effective tax rate for taxpayers from selected types of households. The second one deals with global progressivity of the income tax. Equal income distribution in society is analyzed using the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient. The calculations indicate progressive tax effects both in the Czech Republic and in the United States with higher rate of tax progression and also higher inequality of income distribution in the United States. In the issue of effective rates of income tax is evident higher tax burden in the United States. Differences of total effective rates are decreasing between both countries.
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Economic aspects of health in modern society
Mertl, Jan ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Slaný, Antonín (referee)
Předmětem zkoumání jsou specifika zdravotní péče jako ekonomické kategorie, zdraví a jeho determinanty, význam a postavení zdravotnictví v moderní společnosti, ekonomické a institucionální charakteristiky tří odlišných zdravotnických systémů (Německo, Spojené státy americké, Velká Británie) a zejména vývoj a perspektivy českého zdravotnictví. Cílem práce je analyzovat ekonomické aspekty zdravotnictví v moderní společnosti v kontextu historie a současnosti zdravotnických systémů a zhodnotit relevantní implikace pro české zdravotnictví. Práce vychází z vlastností zdravotní péče jako ekonomického statku, konceptu investic do zdraví a významu zdraví pro lidský kapitál. Diskutuje rizika a příležitosti rostoucí potřeby a spotřeby zdravotní péče vyplývající z ekonomického rozvoje, stavu determinantů zdraví a změn v chování lidí, které sebou přináší rychlý vývoj současného světa. Přibližuje měnící se roli státu ve zdravotnictví a zkoumá otázky obecné dostupnosti zdravotní péče v moderní společnosti. Zabývá se vymezením vazeb ekonomických aspektů zdravotnictví ve vztahu k souvisejícím medicínským, etickým, sociálním a institucionálním aspektům, jež zpětně determinují prostředí a podmínky pro racionální rozhodování a jednání aktérů zdravotnického systému. Identifikuje a srovnává významné ekonomické a institucionální charakteristiky zdravotnických systémů v rámci zvolené typologie, včetně zhodnocení problematiky jejich konvergence. Ukazuje logiku jejich vnitřního fungování a příčiny jejich typických problémů (čekací seznamy, deficity, nerealizovaná péče). Zjištěné poznatky jsou využity v diskusi o perspektivách českého zdravotnictví a vyúsťují v analýzu možností využití ekonomických nástrojů se zaměřením na implementaci spoluúčasti pacientů a na další rozvoj pluralitního prostředí zdravotních pojišťoven (variabilní sazba zdravotního pojištění a stropy pro spoluúčast).
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Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau: Les Pléiades
Čermák, Břetislav ; Jamek, Václav (referee) ; Pohorský, Aleš (advisor)
This thesis is devoted to the most important prosaic work of J.-A. Gobineau, the novel Sons of Kings. Its aim is to give a detailed description of the eponymous characters which the author considers to be the elite of mankind. The thesis is divided into three parts: each chapter regards the exceptional nature of the sons of kings from different points of view. By paying attention to individual levels in the piece we are trying to define the common basis of the exceptionality of the sons of kings. The first chapter treats the racial theories of Gobineau. The novel is put into context with one other piece by the same writer, An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races. We illustrate that on the racial level the exceptionality of the sons of kings is due to certain inborn capabilities that are shared by all descendants of Germanic kings; at the same time we clarify the relationship between the notions of nobility and race. The second chapter discusses the relationship between the individual and society. Special attention is paid to the influence of environment on the intellectual and emotional evolution of mankind. We also focus on the question of confronting the alternative as a means of self-discovery. The specific quality of the sons of kings lies in their freedom of judgment, which allows them to stand...
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Identification of handicaps of mentally disabled person in the age of adolescence and early adulthood carried out by a social worker
ŠESTÁK, Jan
If a social service shall reach its goal as a targeted and individual one it must respond to real needs of the mentally disabled individual. Social workers are active participants in integration processes of mentally disabled people. What role does the social worker play in the integration process? In what items and how can he assist the mentally disabled person in accomplishing his/her social role in corresponding and worthy way? What tools and skills does he need for it? The dissertation thesis tries to work with those questions and to discuss them in more details. An attempt is made to outline theoretic and practical grounds and possibilities for activities of the social worker in the process of integration of mentally disabled people into the common society. Motivated by an effort to understand activities of the social worker comprehensibly and unambiguously, a concept of three-level periodic operation was defined as ``Identification {--} Support {--} Opportunity``. The goal of the research is to form an evaluation scale (of the ``Identification`` tool) that could help the social worker in identification of substantial handicaps but also in recognition of advantages of mentally disabled individuals, and to plan focusing of provided social services on individual and effective incorporation of a mentally disabled person into his/her common life or to remove obstacles hindering from his/her incorporation. Usability and functionality of the evaluation tool entitled ``3P {--} Profil Potřebné Podpory`` (the Support Intensity Profile) were tested in a real environment. 20 users of social services and employees of protected workshops were included in a research set of studied persons with mild and moderate mental retardation in the age from 19 to 46 years.
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