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The lords of Lobkowicz and Hassenstein in the late middle ages
Gavenda, Lukáš ; Doležalová, Eva (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
The modern prince family of Lobkowicz243 has its roots in North Bohemia several hundred years ago. This diploma work deals with the general history and cultural meaning of this family in Late Middle Ages, concretely in the course of 15th century and at the beginning of the following century. This work consists of three chapters. The first one is concerned with the history of the Lobkowiczs in its first five generations (14th-16th centuries). Rare information about the first known members of the family are dated to the end of the rule of the Emperor Charles IV. The Lobkowiczs belonged to lower nobility and were known as lairds of Újezd.244 Martin (commonly Mareš) of Újezd had three sons: Blaze (Blažej or Blažek), Wenceslas (Václav) and Nicolas (Mikuláš). The oldest Blaze died early and Wenceslas was a priest, so it was only the youngest son Nicolas who could secure the maintenance of the family. Nicolas of Lobkowicz, a man of high intellectual skills, a talented diplomat and politician, gained confidence of Wenceslas IV, King of Bohemia, and kept a close connection to the royal court. It was him who bought the village and fort Lobkovice in 1410, that gave name to the family. A few years later he had also gained the castle Hassenstein in North-West Bohemia and Hluboká in South Bohemia, which supported the...
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Queens and their towns in Bohemia during the reign of Luxembourg
Sejtková, Mirka ; Žemlička, Josef (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
An institution of royal dowry towns was established in the early 14th century because kings of Bohemia needed to ensure possessive and social conditions for their queens-wives and queens-widows. Expect of most important financial provisions this towns provided their queens space for continuing dignified residence and for realization their plans e.g. patronage. Queen could manage her towns in two ways. In the first one she could draw the payments from towns, which her husband had ensured her in a marriage articles. In the second cases the towns were tum over to her control and than she could be in active relations with them. Existence of the institution of royal dowry towns was limited with lifetime of the queen. When she had died, the towns retumed into the hands of king. Among dowry towns belong Hradec Králové, Chrudim, Polička, Jaroměř, Vysoké Mýto, Trutnova Dvůr Králové nad Labem. Most of them were situated in the east Bohemia, where every royal town was at the same time dowry town too. The most imported position belonged to Hradec Kralové, which was administrative and ecclesiastical centre of this area. A status of this town raised, when queen-widow Elisabeth Rejčka moved with her court to Hradec. This residential tradition fixed Elisabeth Pomořanská, the fourth wife of Charles IV. The Hussite Movement...
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The Normans in southern Italy and Sicily in 11th-12th century
Černý, Martin ; Picková, Dana (referee) ; Drška, Václav (advisor)
The diploma thesis entitled "The Normans in the Southern Italy and Sicily in the 11th and 12th Century" includes the history of the region from the arrival of the first Norman warriors to the accession of the Staufen dynasty. It describes the fortunes of Norman mercenaries who were providing their military services to the antagonized parties competing in southern Italy. Progressively, the Normans built important military and political power in the territory. Robert Guiscard conquered southern Italy and threatened the Byzantine Empire in the Balkan Peninsula while his brother Roger I defeated Arabians and seized Sicily. Roger II, son of Roger I, overruled the other Norman domains but he had to repress an extensive revolt in his land. During the rule of his successors, the Kingdom was struck by inner conflicts as well, but the successors managed to overcome these difficulties. On William II's death, a war of succession broke out between Emperor Henry VI and Tancred of Lecce. Finally, the Tancred's death made a decision of war. After that Henry VI conquered the Sicilian Kingdom.
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Romanesque galleried churches in Bohemia and their founders
Gája, Robert ; Doležalová, Eva (referee) ; Žemlička, Josef (advisor)
In the preceding chapters we examined the relationship between the church and its founder from several perspectives. Various forms of the relationship changed over the 13th and 14th centuries, however their content persisted. Patrons' claims expressed themselves in various domains. A feudal claim on the church property also resulted from the ownership of land itself. As a matter of fact, a whole set of founder's rights is concerned. The public function of churches was not impaired thereby. It did not consist in the realm of property, but only resulted from the parochial function, which the founders did not intend to impair by any means. Ecclesiastical supervision over priests' prebends and the church property did not constitute a transition of this property to ecclesiastical ownership in today's connotation, since the Church as a private legal subject did not exist in the Middle Ages. Nor the founders were the owners to all intents and purposes. The property belonging to the church or prebend was a foundation. Its purpose was to ensure the continuous operation of the church and parish administration, which mattered to both sides, the establishment and the Church. The status of the prebend and the church was to stay the same over the time regardless of the change of priests or landowners. The patron claimed...
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Pina Bausch's dance theatre
Faustová, Markéta ; Augustová, Zuzana (referee) ; Christov, Petr (advisor)
Pina Bausch and the dance company Tanztheater Wuppertal inherently belong together. The choreographer became the head of this German dance company in 1973 and has led it since up today. She has never created choreography for any other dance group or other dancer. During this thirty-five years' connection the company moved among the top dance groups and stili achieve success worldwide. lt was and stili is an inspiration for many young authors. lt is a history, but also the presence at the same time. Right from the beginning of her career, Pina Bausch indicated that her work was going to be exceptional. For her, there were no barriers, neither in formulation of themes, nor in use of means of expression. She organically connected dance and theatre in her works and thus created a new art genre, which theoreticians call dance theatre. She managed to unite a multi-national group of twenty-six members, with which she worked very closely in preparation of particular pieces. Especially at the beginning, the dancers were forced to personally engage into each choreography. Preparation of a performance consisted in so-called principle of questions. Pina Bausch wanted her dancers to answer her questions by improvising a little dance or theatre sketch. Then, she was choosing from this amount of mate rial to form a base...
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The altarpiece of grand master Puchner and the influences of Flemish realism on late gothic panel painting in Bohemia
Fiřt, Jan ; Hlaváčková, Jana Hana (referee) ; Royt, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with the influences of Flemish realism on late Gothic panel painting in Bohemia; more specifically, it focuses mainly on the well-known altarpiece of Grand Master Puchner. The altarpiece is considered one of the earliest and also purest examples of the influence of Flemish realism in Bohemia. Experts agree there was no direct contact, the influence was mediated through neighboring areas. As to through which areas, experts differ in their opinions. However, the question of where the style of the altarpiece comes from gets the most attention in the thesis. Based on the comparison of styles the thesis claims that the main inspiration for the painter of the Prague altarpiece came from Cologne, from the workshop of the Master of the Lyversberg Passion in particular.
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The influence of Federico Zuccari on the education of Italian artists at the end of the 16th and in the 17th century
Vítová, Kateřina ; Konečný, Lubomír (referee) ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (advisor)
Federico Zuccari was a major figure of the Italian history of art in the late 16th 17 century, at a time when culminate efforts to prove higher than the substance of craft arts. One of these efforts was the creation of new artistic institutions, academies of art. Federico Zuccariho is very closely linked with the beginning of their activity. Today's essential objective Academy of Fine Arts, a teaching young artists, was in time of their shaping only secondary function. The development of academies as the first place educational institutions was a major objective of Federico Zuccariho. The most of his theoretical and literary production focuses on the appropriate form of teaching and the necessary level of knowledge (both practical and theoretical) students of Fine Arts. Lectures on the theory of the arts, particularly those that reveal his deepest essence, Disegno, Zuccari considers as necessity for awareness of the role artist new era. Zuccari is in their thoughts also a great systematist and didactics using new methods. Unfortunately, most artistic companies were not yet ready nor mature for his theory. Bad to say, the quantity of his advanced ideas remained only in its infancy realization or even failure in practice at all.
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Occupational safety and health
Justová, Gabriela ; Kopecký, Martin (referee) ; Kocianová, Renata (advisor)
Occupational safety and health represents a set of measures aimed at reducing, or totally eliminating, the risks endangering lives and health of workers. It is influenced by a character of work and also by working conditions. Lately, emphasis in this field is not only on accident prevention, but also on creating satisfying working conditions. Good working conditions contribute to keeping high productivity and pleasant atmosphere at work, to an increase of quality of life and to social and legal protection of employees. In my thesis I pursue not only work safety and health protection as one sphere of care for workers, its historical development in the Czech Republic and primary legal provisions, but also working conditions and work environment. In connection with these factors I use, as an example, work schedule of flight crews, and a level of cosmic radiation to which the flight attendants are exposed. In a separate chapter I describe contribution of ergonomics to work safety and health protection at work, specifically, and to improvement of human activities generally. In this chapter I describe ergonomic problems connected exclusively with occupation of flight attendant. In another chapter I define concept of "work accident" and duties of an employer when an accident at work happens. To prevent work...
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Banking System in the USA on the background of the Great Depression
Jiráň, Michal ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis concerns banking and financial systems in the United States of America during the time of the Great Depression. In the first stage, I will focus on the Federal Reserve System's monetary policy and its expansive character. Then I will emphasize on the events taking place in American banking system during the 20's, the linkage between these events and the great contradiction of American economy, which took place at the end of the decade. The key part of my thesis will be devoted to the analysis of the most important state interventions, which were supposed to save the banking and financial system from collapsing between 1930 -- 1933, and make the economy prosperous again. I will devote to the steps taken by Hervert Hoover; the president between years 1929 -- 1933, as well as the steps from the first year of F. D. Roosevelt's presidency. F. D. Roosevelt's era started in March 1933, and it was the time when the American banking system found itself in the most critical situation ever. During this era, the crucial measures were taken, and I will examine the hypothesis in which there were close connections between the political and the big business representatives standing behind their enactment. I will attempt to demonstrate that the officially proclaimed goals of those measures were unlike the real content, and the consequences of the new legislatives being enacted during these times.
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Registration of real property in Bohemia and Moravia (development of the land registry)
Peichlová, Adéla ; Adamová, Karolina (referee) ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor)
86 Resumé REGISTRATION OF REAL ESTATE IN BOHEMIAAND IN MORAVIA (HISTORY OF CADASTRE OF REAL ESTATES) The purpose of this Thesis, as it is apparent from its name, is to create an overview of the process and history of the registrations of real estates from the beginning to the present. The reasons of needs and affords of the rulers to start creating some directories of the lands were purely economical. Every sovereign and ruler needed enough finance to keep and reinforce their power and the most effective way how to do it was to institute the land tax. The land was divided in the land of the vassals, called rustic, and the land of the masters, called demesne. Over the centuries, the object of the land taxes was only the land of the vassals. The land of the masters had to be free of the taxes till the year 1706. In order to make the tax collection more effective and well-organized, it was necessary to create a proper registration of the rustic land. Therefore, the original purpose of the rustic land registration, which had various names during individual historical periods, had only fiscal function. The history of the cadastre of real estates started in the year 1022 when the duke Old ich united the tax policy and instituted the tax collection from the grounds - policy which his followers continued in....
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