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"Refugees" or "Economic Migrants": An Obsolete Binary Categorisation for the Contemporary World
Baccovich, Giulia ; Prina, Federica (advisor) ; Fitzgerald, James (referee) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
Nowadays, more than ever, our world is developing at a fast pace, and its challenges and the priorities linked to these challenges are evolving as well. This dissertation examines the binary categorisation of 'refugees' and 'economic migrants' that is grounded on definitions and perceptions date back to the 20th century. Drawing on the case study analysis of the Nigeria situation, this dissertation aims at opening the floor to a new perspective over migration flows, highlighting the importance of developing policies and norms concerning individuals' security threats. By examining the Human Security Theory and Johan Galtung's concept of structural violence, this dissertation attempts to add a layer of analysis to the study of migration drivers. Moreover, it argues that the employment of systems of 'economic migrants' returns, emphasised by the contemporary context of securitisation of migration, is dangerous for those who are fleeing insecurity conditions not mentioned in the refugee definition.
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Emigration from Czechoslovakia - how to teach about this topic
Lukáčová, Dana ; Murad, Salim (advisor) ; Bravená, Noemi (referee)
The submitted diploma thesis is focused on the life and activities of the Czech-Roman theologian, Catholic priest and pedagogue, Karel Skalický. A man who, to pursue his desire for the priesthood went as far as to illegally cross the state border to get to Austria and to Italy. Therefore, refugees and their inclusion in the issue of international migration have become one of the topics of this work. The history and causes of migration are discussed in a greater context. Last part of the thesis is devoted to selected methods of interactive teaching and material based on them. This material can be used in teaching the 112 topic of refugees in Citizenship classes at the second stage of primary school. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part, deals with concepts related to refugees and migration. More attention was paid to the plight of refugees after 1948 with greater emphasis on the situation in the church. Furthermore, the work points out the reasons for the escape of emigrants and some personalities who left their homeland. The presented figures and graphs draw attention to the development of emigration, migration losses and show who are asylum seekers in the countries of the European Union. The second, practical part, presents selected teaching methods of some...
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Relationship of the Czech Catholic Community to the European Union
Hobzík, Mikuláš ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Salamon, Janusz (referee)
The bachelor thesis builds on the academic debate on the relationship between religion and politics and explores the hitherto unexplored attitude of the Czech Catholic milieu towards the European Union, through the prism of views on EU migration policy. Using the method of media discourse analysis, the attitudes of seven prominent figures in the Czech Catholic milieu and their positions on the issue of migration and the related EU response are examined during the migration crisis between 2015 and 2017. The analysed attitudes are categorised as belonging to the established attitudes concerning European integration - Euroscepticism and Euro-optimism. The results show a balanced representation of both trends, with a slight predominance of Euroscepticism. The Czech Catholic milieu thus reflected the divisions within Czech society on several issues related to the EU and migration. Therefore, the religious beliefs of the Catholics surveyed do not represent a unifying factor in political views on the EU and the Czech Catholic environment does not form a coherent ideological stream Keywords The Catholic church; European union; migration crisis; refugees; Czech Catholic milieu
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Agenda Setting in the Issue of Refugeedom: Analysis of Connection Between Media Exposure and Perceived salience of the Issue
Michalová, Lea ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Soukup, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis concerns itself with the analysis of connection between the media exposure to refugeedom topics and the perceived salience of the issue. Combined qualitative and quantitative research designs ruled by QUAN → qual scheme are used in the thesis. In the quantitative part the effect of exposure to refugeedom-related news on the perceived salience of the subject is constructed using TV and newspaper viewing figures while controlling socio- demographic characteristics of respondents. Binary logistic regression was used to find the influence. The analysis shows that the exposure to content concerning immigration and refugees has influenced the rated importance of the issue. However, there are other variables not included in the model which are affecting the salience. The qualitative approach offers insights into the relationship discovered with quantitative methods. In-depth interviews showed people are aware of the media influence mainly regarding topics they are thinking about and discussing with their social surroundings. According to some interviewees this influence is stronger observed in topics where we lack personal experience, like the refugees. Apart from the media other issues like value orientation, life experience, social surroundings or the extent of criticism may have...
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Knowledge for inclusion: strategies and implementation of social and structural integration of refugees in European Union through multifaceted orientation, education, and training programmes
Isakova, Alina ; Levrincová, Petra (advisor) ; Haišmanová, Lucie (referee)
This work is an attempt to outline prospects of theoretically and practically justified refugees' integration in its initial levels through orientation and education programmes using previous and present positive experience, but also taking into consideration the letter of International Law and Human Rights, moral and ethical perspective, so direct and prospective benefits for all the parties concerned, i.e. the EU, nation-states, communities, citizens, newcomers. The main focus is on multifaceted Orientation, Education, and Training Programmes (OETPs) that are presented as one of the most significant tools of social and structural integration into state's and public spheres. Presence of OETPs is being traced in theoretical framework, political discourse, and practical implementation of integration policies at different levels of the EU realm. There is a stress made on policy design, implementation, and evaluation provided by national governments and local authorities so role of civic sector, activities of UNHCR, and community level enterprises. .
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Ratlines in the context of participating states
Vrzal, Adam ; Eberle, Jakub (advisor) ; Smetana, Vít (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the motives of individual participants in the operation of escape routes called Ratlines, especially during and after the Second World War. Ratlines were escape routes that used to escape mainly Nazi war criminals from justice. The work first deals with the thirties and the period of war, which is associated with the creation of the first Ratlines in Spain. Furthermore, the work is devoted to the Red Cross and the process of issuing travel, so as to understand how the Nazis managed to gain a new identity. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the Italian Ratlines, where the functioning of the Refugee Assistance Commission and two of the most famous Italian Ratlines are examined. The main research question is the motivation of individual participants, which are mainly found anti-Semitic and national motives, which led to the participation of Alois Hudal or Krunoslav Draganovič in the issue of Ratlines. Another issue that the work dealt with was the participation of parts of the Roman Catholic Church, where the work came to the conclusion that it was primarily individuals or groups, as was the case of the two above-mentioned priests. In conclusion, the work deals with the influence of communism on the Roman Catholic Church and the emergence of the Ratlines,...
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Turkey and Strategic Interests of the EU - Analysis of the Migrant Crisis
Krejčová, Romana ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The EU-Turkey relations have been complicated for over fifty years, namely since the Ankara Agreement. The civil war in Syria broke out in 2011 and since then Turkey has been struggling with the rise of migrants. The migration crisis affected the EU in 2015. Therefore, the cooperation between the EU and Turkey to solve migration crisis was necessary. This diploma thesis engages in communication and negotiation between the EU and Turkey about a common action to solve the migration crisis. Karl Deutsch's communication theory was chosen as the theoretical framework. We can namely observe the concept of feedback during the negotiations of joint Action Plan and joint statement to tackle irregular migration. First is explained the history and development of the EU-Turkey relations. The history of the EU-Turkey relations is explained since Turkey applied for association to the European Economic Community. The EU-Turkey relations are affected by bad relations between Turkey and some EU member states. Currently, the EU-Turkey relations are more complicated because of the purges and human rights abuse after the unsuccessful coup attempt in 2016. Turkey has got stronger position in negotiations of cooperation. Turkey has grasped the chances of the migration crisis to revive some policy processes - as visa...
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The Establishment and Development of Asylum Policies in East Central Europe
Hoffstädt, Jord Malte ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Najšlová, Lucia (referee)
In the light of the current refugee crisis in the European Union, and the remarkably critical stance the East Central European states are taking in Brussels, this research contributes to a broader understanding of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland's policies towards refugees. By scrutinizing the process of developing refugee policies during the 1990s and 2000s, the research will demonstrate that the countries united in the V4 platform in their first years of transition generously contributed to international refugee protection. Steep increase of asylum applicants and negotiation talks with the EU in the late 1990s brought various changes to the refugee policies in the region, marked by more closely defining and the enhancing of asylum seekers' and recognized refugees' rights, but also by lower refugee recognition rates. Accession to the European Union ultimately resulted in more complete and comprehensive asylum policies in line with the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). However, the V4 states maintained rather restrictive interpretations of the European policy, explained by the pressure the CEAS places on the states at the EU's external border and lower economic capacity to accommodate large numbers of refugees. Recent developments are mostly the result of political exploitation...
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