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Attention in preschool children
Černá, Veronika ; Trpišovská, Dobromila (advisor) ; Viktorová, Ida (referee)
English abstrakt The work has the task to identify and measure attention in preschool children and its possible influence development practice. It is divided into two parts. The theoretical part, which is drawn to the attention, provides a comprehensive overview of the history beginning with the problem, describes the different types, characteristics, attention disorders and conditions affecting attention. An integral part is a description of the Early Childhood and work with children of preschool age. The second part of the research is then engaged in empirical research with children in kindergarten and continuing for one school year. Children were awarded for various characteristics of the tests of attention and their development was investigated. The aim of this work is determine the current level of achievement in the field of attention, the group's performance compared to four years and five children, and determine the potential impact of practice on the development of attention. Key words: attention, attention characteristics, pre-school children
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Rehabilitation of Cognitive Functions by Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Chmelařová, Dana ; Beran, Jiří (advisor) ; Fiedler, Jiří (referee) ; Miňhová, Jana (referee)
Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate whether a 12-week neuropsychological rehabilitation program has a positive effect on the improvement of cognitive functions and what methods can be used to measure this effect. Furthermore, this study intended to verify the effect of the chosen training plan on the resulting state of cognitive functions, in particular with regard to the frequency and duration of the plan. Methodology: Forty-three patients diagnosed with MS were randomized into an experimental condition or the control group. The experimental condition included 26 patients (22 women and 4 men), whole the control group consisted of 17 patients (12 women and 5 men). All of these patients had a cognitive defect that was assessed at the beginning of the study and monitored using the neuropsychological tests after the participation in the training program. Participants in the experimental group received their rehabilitation of cognitive functions using a PC training program, which they completed in their home environments (30 minutes/4 times per week, for 8 consecutive weeks). Overall, there were 32 training sessions on predetermined days with a specific detailed training plan. The control group received no training. The neuropsychological tests used at the beginning and the...
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Ecological validity research of Attention test
Bláhová, Lucie ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Rendl, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of attention research, mainly from the neuropsychological point of view. It is an empirical study divided into two parts: The first theoretical part introduces the history of attention research, defines attention and presents the current theories of attention: Broadbent's Filter model, The Feature-Integration theory from Anne Treisman, David LaBerge's theory and Michael Posner's concept of attention. The second part of the work, the empirical part, is based on the discussed concept of attention, mainly from neuropsychologist Michael Posner. The purpose of the research study is to explore the ecological validity of Michael Posner's attention test - Attention network test (ANT). The following questionnaires were chosen as the methods for measuring the real-life attention: CFQ (Cognitive failure questionnaire), EMQ (Everyday memory questionnaire) and DEX (Dysexecutive questionnaire). The results of the study did not confirm the significant statistical correlation between results in Attention Network Test and scores in self-reported questionnaires, but the bachelor thesis' contribution's to ecological validity research can still be seen. KEYWORDS: Attention, Attention research, Ecological validity, ANT, Cognitive failure
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The PASS Theory - from research to intervention
Khánská, Lenka ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kaplan, Cyril (referee)
This bachelor thesis focused on the origin and principles of the PASS theory (Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, and Successive Processing processomg). It introduces the the information processing theory by A. R. Luria, from which the PASS theory stems. It also describes CAS and CAS2 (Cognitive Assessment System) tools, which enable the assessment of PASS processes. The work offers an overview of some possible interventions that are based on the PASS theory. The work includes a number of studies that examined how CAS is able to recognize specific groups of children (e.g. Children with ADHD, Down syndrome, etc.), and how to verify whether interventions are effective. The research proposal examines how the PASS processes influence school activities focusing on pupils in primary schools. This research could serve as the basis for the use of interventions within the frame of school education and thus it could help for the effective development of the PASS processes. Keywords: PASS Theory, Planning, Attention, Simultaneous Information Processing, Successive Information Processing, Cognitive Assessment System, Intervention
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Impact of a cognitive function therapy on people with dementia
Nová, Jarmila ; Krivošíková, Mária (advisor) ; Piťhová, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis occupies with a cognitive training efficiency with a focus on memory and attention of dementia diagnosed people, especially people with vascular dementia, mixed dementia or Alzheimer's disease. The theoretical part deals with dementia issues and current knowledge on the field of a cognitive and occupational therapy. The main empirical part goal is a determination of the cognitive training by dementia diagnosed people. The next goal is to find out, how much clients are satisfied with the cognitive function therapy. The cognitive function training is made within a period of 8 weeks in social institutions in Jirkov and Chomutov. The research sample is consisted of 24 clients (at the age of 65 and more) with diagnosed Alzheimer's disease, vascular or mixed dementia, they were divided into an experimental and comparative group. Clients are evaluated before the intervention and after the intervention using Mini-Mental Examination test (MMSE), Trail Making test, part A (TMT:A and Swwartz scale of the therapy evaluation (SOS-10). Statistically significant results of set significance rate (p < 0,05) were found by the test MMSE (0,01 < 0,05) and scale SOS-10 (0,02 < 0,05), but the test TMT:A (0,09 > 0,05) hasn't confirmed therapy efficiency from the reason of the small research sample. Those...
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Husserl's phenomenology of attention
Grimmich, Šimon ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
(in English): The diploma work Husserl's phenomenology of attention systematically presents Husserl's conception of attention. The first part deals with the presentation of Husserl's static phenomenology of attention, taking into account in particular of Logical Investigations and Ideas I. The second part is devoted to genetic phenomenology of attention, which is reconstructed mainly upon Experience and Judgment and Analyses Concerning Passive and Active Synthesis. In it's conclusion the work offers other possible perspectives of investigation of the phenomenon of attention from the phenomenological positions.
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A commented translation: Was Lernen beinflusst. In: Lernen. Gehirnforschung und die Schule des Lebens. Heidelberg 2006. P. 139-167.
Tichá, Eva ; Kloudová, Věra (advisor) ; Špirk, Jaroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis has two basic parts. The first part sets to produce a function translation. The basic literature which is the most important for this thesis is the Art of Translation by Jiří Levý. The reason is the fact that my translation method is based on this book. The second part of this bachelor thesis is the commentary to this translation. It is well known that the bachelor thesis is not able to mention all problems which we can meet in a translation. But I would like to describe the problems which are the most important aspects for our understanding of the translation process and my translation method. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Ohníček;changes in structure of magazine and in text characteristics between 1950-2001
Semecký, Jiří ; Končelík, Jakub (advisor) ; Wolák, Radim (referee)
The undergraduate thesis entitled "Časopis Ohníček: kvantitativní obsahová analýza vybraných pozornostních prvků 1950-2001" (Ohníček Journal: Content analysis of representation of selected attention-catching features in 1950-2001) deals with representation and role of visual attention-catching features in a children's printed periodical. The thesis describes a brief history and context of publishing the journal and with sensory perception of human organism with stress on visual perception, in connection with the process of attracting inadvertent as well as intentional attention. By means of quantitative content analysis it attempts at capturing the development of extent of representation of selected features with graphic significance in the journal, in particular of headlines and pictorial components, which immediately affect visual perception of the recipient and which are thus endowed with the largest potential to capture inadvertent attention through orienting responses. Such inadvertent attention may subsequently transform into intentional attention on the basis of the level of meeting individual expectations and interests. External form of respective contributions thus assists in awakening interest in their content. The development of the selected attention- capturing features is monitored...
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Effect of cognitive task in postural sway of patiens with phobic postural vertigo
Urbanová, Lucie ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Truc, Michal (referee)
Diploma thesis "Effect of cognitive task in postural sway of patiens with phobic postural vertigo" in its theoretical part discusses physiology of balance system, its disorders and summarizes knowledge of phobic postural vertigo. In experimental section we analyzed postural stability of 5 patients with phobic postural vertigo, 5 patients with structural lesion of vestibular system and 5 healthy subjects with posturography during normal stence and while performing cognitive tasks - "Contact test", Verbal Fluency task and modified Stroop test. The goal of this study was to find out whether postural stability of subjects differs while performing cognitive tasks in comparison with normal stance. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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