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Anthropological perception of current home births without medical assistance.
Drabantová, Lucia ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Koudelová, Jana (referee)
The study discusses the current home births in developed countries. Introduction deals with the emergence of a model of human birth in the background of evolutionary mechanisms and the resulting biological risks, which are illustrated by data on maternal and neonatal mortality. Home births are understood in the complex scale, and so formation of current model of obstetrics in selected countries is shown in historical background. It brings most common image of women and the circumstances that lead to the choice of home birth. The study focuses on the comparison of home and hospital births due to the occurrence of undesirable health complications. As this comparison showed the results that births are largely influenced by medical interventions carried out, frequency of these procedures is also compared. Higher occurrence of interventions in hospital births can be partly explained by changes in the demographic profile of mother, which increases the risks associated with childbirth at home. Data processed in the study suggest that today's home births require extensive implementation of system changes, and therefore the home birth as a safe alternative is not recommended. It also doesn't consider hospital births appropriate in terms of excessive interventions, rather a compromise in the form of home birthing...
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Past and Present Mountain Rescue Service of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia
Kabešová, Barbora ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Mojžíš, Otakar (referee)
The work follows the establishment, the history and the present of the mountain rescue service in the territory of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia in the particular historical periods. It focuses on the conditions under which the mountain rescue service was established. It compares particular regions regarding selected indicators (e.g., the number and structure of its members, the membership conditions, the type of interventions, the intervention intensity, the size of the territory, the number of rescue stations, etc.). The work also deals with the functioning and the quality of the cross-border cooperation in various areas. Key words: Mountain rescue, mountain rescue service organisation, the members of the mountain rescue service, areas, districts, interventions, station, equipment
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Patients' attitudes to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis
Theimerová, Hana ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Tereza (referee)
1 ABSTRACT PATIENTS' ATTITUDES TO PHARMACOTHERAPY OF OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Hana Theimerová Supervisor: Magda Vytřísalová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Patients' attitudes to treatment might be affected by various factors. These may vary in different generations as well as in different populations. The patients' attitudes to the treatment along with the illness may affect decision concerning the beginning, interruption or end of the treatment. That implies that the interaction between these factors and attitudes to the treatment is comprehensive. AIMS: The study aim was to evaluate the patients' attitudes to the treatment of osteoporosis based on the perception of necessity and concerns of treatment with oral bisphosphonates (BIS). METHODS: Data for the analysis were obtained using an anonymous questionnaire in five outpatient centres in the Czech Republic from November 2012 to March 2013. The patients' opinions concerning the BIS treatment were identified (necessity vs. concerns) using the Czech version of the "Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire Specific" (BMQ-CZ). RESULTS: A total of 363 patients were involved in the analysis (mean age 68.9 years). Patients were treated with once a week dosing forms of BIS -...
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The Middle Eastern alliances: Analysis of relations and further development of the region
Eštoková, Denisa ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Examining any topic in the Middle East requires a general knowledge because of the region's complexity and dynamics. Important characteristics is the link of Islam and politics, because this relation shaped political establishment of states. The strategic location and rich natural resources of this part of the world were tempting also for the global superpowers whose engagement divided the Middle Eastern states, particularly during the Cold War. An analysis of the factors and events that led to the formation of alliances and rivalries in the Middle East is the goal of this work. Research will focus on alliances of Iran and its Shia allies on the one hand and Saudi Arabia with the rest of Sunni monarchies on the other. Unlike other alliances mentioned in the work, these two blocks have long term character. They are also specific because of sectarian differences, their stance towards the United States and Israel and shared responses to emerging threats. Historical development of Middle Eastern alliances begins with the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, continues with the both World wars, the Israeli-Arab conflict, the Islamic revolution in Iran and other milestones which were meaningful in shaping inter-state relations in the region. The modern period moves from invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq to...
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Mindfulness-based interventions in clinical practice
Chýle, Jaroslav ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with mindfulness-based programs, which are now used in medicine. The theoretical part focuses on their, description, published clinical outcomes, research, mechanisms of action, advantages, pitfalls and their use in clinical practice. The empirical builds on the theoretical part and proposes a research project in the form of a double-blinded randomized controlled study of the influence of MBSR on variables of mental and physical health, with the application of an active control group. Discussion includes reflections on the direction of future research and presents information on current trends, opportunities and challenges facing these interventions. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Eudaimonia: Happy city
Hermanová, Ada ; Holubová, Martina (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
The aim of the project is to create eudaimonic environment in the framework of existing city blocks of Husovice in Brno. Simple interventions and minimal means are used to create environment which allows it´s inhabitants to live complex and fulfilled lives.
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Nutritional and movement intervention with breast cancer patients
Andrášková, Věra ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
Breast cancer the second most common cancers in women. A weight gain, higher amount of adipose tissue and lower physical activity are risk factors for breast cancer in terms of nutritional status. Recent studies document a negative effect of adipokines, adipose tissue hormones on the development and prognosis of cancer. Likewise, the positive effect of myokines, hormones of muscle tissue, has been increasingly discussed in recent years. Influencing the amount of adipose and muscle tissue in the body is possible through nutritional and physical intervention. A cooperation with a dietitian was offered to 81 patients in the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute. The offer of nutritional and physical intervention was accepted by 25 patients and 19 patients completed 3 months of therapy. The aim of the study was to analyze the development of weight in patients before and after the diagnosis of breast cancer, and futher to perform a nutritional intervention in the form of a 3 - month program using personal visits and online monitoring of diet and physical activity and to characterize the diet in patients with breast cancer after the intervention. From the obtained data it was not possible to perform an analysis of weight development in patients. The performed evaluation of eating habits based on a comparison...
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Association of firefighters of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the municipality with extended powers Sedlčany.
HERMA, Jiří
The primary purpose of this thesis is to describe activities and the equipment of volunteer fire brigades of a municipality, and their ability to interfere in extraordinary incidents. The thesis then investigates the cooperation with cooperation between volunteer fire brigades and professional unit of a municipality. The theoretical part deals with the history and development of firefighting. It draws briefly its development from the very beginning not only in the Czech Republic but also in the world. It is followed by the description of fire districts and the development of firefighters in the Sedlčany region. Afterwards the study is concerned with the citizens' associations involved in fire protection in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Association of firemen in the Czech Republic, Moravia and Silesia, The Czech firemen union and The Moravian firemen union belong to the best known citizen associations in the Czech Republic. In the area of the Slovakian Republic acts The consensual fire safety of the Slovakian Republic. As for Firefighters Association of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, the thesis focuses on the importance, substance and the main scopes of activities. In the following part the thesis looks into fire protection units. First, it explains the difference between volunteer fire brigades and a unit of volunteer fire brigades. Next, it shows types and categories of fire protection units and their division according to the departure time. This part also concerns the fundamental tasks of a volunteer unit brigades and its establishment. The aim of the practical part is to find out whether interventions of professional fire brigades of a community are a frequent issue. The field research took place in volunteer fire brigades of a municipality in the Sedlčany region. For the research I have used the questions which were used during interviews with representatives of the units. I have made a statistic, which is depicted in a graph. It follows how many times a unit of voluntary fire brigades of a municipality has interfered in a fire or in an extraordinary incident alone and how many times in cooperation with the Fire Brigade of the Central Bohemian Region, Sedlčany Fire Station. From the responses which were gained during the meetings arises that the cooperation between the professional firemen rescue body and a unit of volunteer fire brigades is frequent and has a very high quality in this region. The units mean considerable benefit for the region.
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