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Primary School Teacher - the Relationship Between Theory and Practice in the Professional Training
Urbanová, Radka ; Štech, Stanislav (advisor) ; Smetáčková, Irena (referee)
This work deals with permanent and yet actual subject of the relationship of theory and practise in education of teachers. The main subject is connected closely to professional identity of primary school teachers, as well. First of all, the theoretical part of this work focuses on the relationship of theory and practise. It's based on works of both Czech and foreign authors, specifically German and Swiss ones. Because there are different systems of teacher-preparation in these countries, the view on theory-practise relationship is different in many points, as well. Theoretical part is divided into five chapters. First one presents primary school teacher and shows his typical features which differentiate him from teachers in another levels of education. The second chapter describes a concept of pedagogical education of teachers. The third chapter deals with how differently may concept "practise" be percieved in context of their mutual relationship. The fourth chapter describes the relationship of theory and practise in pedagogy and the last, fifth one is the most comprehensive one and is further divided into three chapters.
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The theory of redistribution and its application
Mihalčinová, Hana ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Valenčík, Radim (referee) ; Peško, Štefan (referee)
The theory of redistribution systems is a practical extension of a game theory, which deals with a redistribution within a social system of more than two players with di?erent performances and ability to create coalitions. This thesis is divided into three chapters. The ?rst chapter describes the known knowledge of a game theory. The second chapter deals with the theory of redistribution systems. Using an elementary redistribution system and its generalization group behaviour when dividing a payment, achieved by a collective performance, is described. This part introduces the extension of the redistribution system to a compound redistribution system with a fractal structure. Furthermore the theory of discriminatory equilibrium and the theory of commonly acceptable equilibrium are veri?ed using the elementary redistribution system and utility theory. The third chapter deals with an application to the allocation of funds among faculty departments. A game theory approach was used to reduce the game to a non-cooperative game of two players by using the forming of coalitions. Also the theory of redistribution systems was applied when a reduction was used to create a non-cooperative two-player game. This reduced non-cooperative game between two players was converted to a cooperative play of more than two players by changing the rules of the game and allowing a formation of coalitions. In the practical part both of these approaches are compared with real data and a current state.
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Multicriteria games
Tichá, Michaela ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Lachout, Petr (referee) ; Čičková, Zuzana (referee)
Theory of multicriteria games is a special field of game theory, when one or more players have at least two payoff functions and want to maximize simultaneously. The work introduces a number of new findings. It examined the concept of finding equilibria in pure strategies in noncooperative multicriteria game. It is possible to find all the equilibria in pure strategies by full search and solving two linear programs for each point. Furthermore, two linear programs are formulated for verifying that a selected point is the equilibrium of the game or not. In the noncooperative games is also introduced the concept that with knowledge of the equilibrium of bimatrix game determines preferences of the players. Although finding the equilibrium point of the bimatrix game is nonlinear problem, finding the preferences is linear problem. The latest findings in the noncooperative games is a generalization of the concept that solves multicriteria game by assigning weights to each criterion of each player. The work demonstrates that it may not be necessarily linear weights, but it can be more general function that describes the player's preference. The remaining part is devoted to knowledge in cooperative games. There is considered that the players know their preferences and are able to express them by weights. The game with known preferences is defined and solved with the use of bargaining theory. Then it is generalized to a case where players have more payoff functions, from which they can choose. Finally, the multicriteria case of voting game is defined. It is designed completely new concept, which selects the winning coalition in the voting game. This concept is then applied to the real situation after the elections to the Chamber of Deputies in 2013.
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Communication of the Glass Art Centre Glassworks František in Sázava
Chuchrová, Jana ; Tyslová, Irena (advisor) ; Prokůpek, Marek (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with present direction of the communication of the Glass Art Centre, Glassworks František in Sázava. The theoretical part focuses on the analysis of different interpretation of the concept of communication across the specialized social sciences with emphasis on economic disciplines -- especially management, PR, marketing and fundraising. Introduction to the theory of communication also includes communication in sociology and psychology, as they define the basic concepts of communication, which the economic disciplines take over. The main aim of the theoretical part was to find out how the particular approaches to communication differ, set out the procedure for the construction of a communication strategy and define the tools and principles of external communications organization which will benefit the communication of the Centre. The aim of the practical part of my thesis was to analyze, how the current management of external communication of the Glass Art Centre coincides with the theory. The main sources of information for the practical part were interviews with current director of the Glass Art Centre, Martina Kulhavá, on the basis of which we've identified fundamental shortcomings in communication of the Centre. The conclusion includes proposals of the intermediate strategic steps for reduction of these shortcomings, and thus has practical implications for the future direction of the marketing communication of the Centre.
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The theory of communication with foreigners in nursing process
Heitzerová, Ilona ; Kutnohorská, Jana (advisor) ; Skorunka, David (referee) ; Švarcová, Eva (referee)
Bachelor thesis disserts on basic conceptions connected with communication in a plain field, related to communication with foreigners, multicultural themes and conceptions applicable to a labour. This thesis also deals with specifics of a nursing care for mothers - foreigners and there is a conceptual model of Madeleine Leininger mentioned there. There is information about Vietnamese, Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Nigerian culture, religion and characteristics of those national minorities included in this thesis. Integral part of Bachelor thesis is qualitative research solution, focused on communication, language skills and understanding of the problem and approach to the clients - foreigners with regard to nursing care during the labour. The examinated are mothers - foreigners, which gave births in the maternity ward of Podripska hospital in Roudnice n. L.
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Austrian Business Cycle Theory and the Recession of 2007-2009 in the US Economy
Stračina, Jakub ; Ryska, Pavel (advisor) ; Mejstřík, Michal (referee)
This paper aims to evaluate merits of the Austrian business cycle theory in explaining the 2001-2009 business cycle in the US economy. The theory postulates that a monetary shock upsets equilibrium in the market for loanable funds and adversely influences coordination mechanisms of the economy. The structure of relative prices is distorted and resources are misallocated as a result. The economy follows an unsustainable investment trajectory inconsistent with the amount of available resources and with the consumer preferences. When the inconsistencies are revealed, some of the investments are liquidated and costly correction follows. After providing exposition of the theory and description of the US economy in 2001-2009, the theory is confronted with the data. Although some deviations are conceded, mainly in development of the labor market, analysis presented in the paper supports the Austrian business cycle theory as a solid theoretical tool for explanation of the economic development throughout the examined period. The theory exhibits its main strengths in accounting for development of relative prices and linking them to conditions in the market for loanable funds.
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Memes and the Theory of Universal Darwinism
Havlík, Vladimír
The article deals with the philosophical presuppositions and groundwork of the memetics. The central question is an analysis of Universal Darwinism as a common and universal evolutional principle or pattern that always springs in every environment when there're fulfilled required conditions. An evolutional process could be possibly described like an algorithmic process that faces to the rise of organized orderliness. Darwinism in this generally universal sense points to a distinctness survival of any kind self replicated code of information that has some influence over its probability of replication. The article stresses methodological importance of memetics as it makes possible to introspect variety of cultural development from a simple unification perspective.
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Dáva v kritike socializmu zmysel Hayekov prechod od debaty o racionalite ekonomickej kalkulácie k argumentácii kultúrnou a náboženskou evolúciou? Príklad Československa
Haško, Michal
The aim of this work is to examine whether Hayek's theory of cultural and religious evolution is applicable on Czechoslovak developments in 1980s. To that end, we first examine the relationship of Hayek's involvement in socialist calculation debate in 1930s-40s with his cultural evolutionary argument against socialism in his later thought. We provide text analysis of his work and resources concerning his argument on the knowledge problem of socialism in Czechoslovakia. We find that cultural evolutionary argument is of institutional nature and we follow Hayek in delineation of the history of civilization based on institutions sanctioned by cultures and religions. The last part is concerned about the revolution and its illustrative performances by the example of Poland. The last part is empirical. We delineate the cultural and religious developments in 1980s in Poland and its consequent fall of socialist regime. Subsequently we analyze cultural and religious developments in Czechoslovakia and arrive at our main contribution. Hayek's theory can be applied on the case of Czechoslovak developments.
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Dimensional transmutation in quantum theory
Ebr, Jan ; Hořejší, Jiří (advisor) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee)
This work deals with two models - from the quantum eld theory it is the massless scalar electrodynamics (the so-called Coleman-Weinberg model) and from quantum mechanics it is the contact (-function) potential (in two dimensions) - that are apparently invariant under some sort of scale transformations and thus they, in suitably chosen units, contain only dimensionless parameters. It turns out that even in the quantum-mechanical case one has to add an additional procedure to the formal denition of the model and that the use of dierent physical regulators leads to the same results, that furthermore agree with the predictions of the mathematically rigorous method of self-adjoint operator extensions. In this work, we present detailed calculations supporting this result. Contrary to the common literature, we do so in a straightforward manner, which can be followed step by step (with all the necessary elements of functional analysis summarised in the Appendix). In quantum eld theory we apply a similar approach, when we "rediscover" the results of the abstract functional methods in the ordinary perturbation theory. In its framework, we further show how to obtain predictions also for other quantities than particle masses.
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