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Voting Rights of People with Intellectual Disabilities
Havelková, Zuzana ; Němec, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Hájková, Vanda (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the exercising of voting rights by people with intellectual disabilities. The thesis aims to present the topic of voting rights of people with intellectual disabilities within the domestic and international legislative framework and to explore the perception of elections and voting rights from the perspective of people with intellectual disabilities by applying qualitative research. The theoretical part describes elections, voting rights, specific features of people with intellectual disabilities, and availability of the support to vote. The essential part of the diploma thesis also contains a legislative overview, which anchors the voting rights of people with disabilities. The practical part of the thesis deals with the topic of perception of elections and voting rights from the perspective of people with intellectual disabilities. The partial aims of the research are to find out: how do the people with disabilities evaluate the importance of elections; which factors influence their political choice; which knowledge about the topic of limiting the exercise of the voting right through limiting legal capacity do people with intellectual disabilities have; how do people with intellectual disabilities evaluate the availability of information and support to vote. The...
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Suffrage in England in the 19th and the early 20th centuries
Klener, Vavřinec ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Seltenreich, Radim (referee)
Suffrage in England in the 19th and the early 20th centuries Abstract The diploma thesis adress the issue of suffrage in England in the 19th and the early 20th centuries. Attention is paid primarily to the reform acts governing elections to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which were passed in years 1832, 1867, 1884-85, 1918 and 1928. The implementation of these reform acts led to the transition from the archaic form of suffrage, which persisted without major changes from the period of the late Middle Ages, to a universal and equal suffrage with direct and secret voting in the form which in the United Kingdom prevails, with minor amendments, to the present. This transformation was completed in 1928. In addition, the development of the municipal elections legislation, changes in a qualification of the Members of the Parliament and other changes in electoral legislation, especially in the legislation dealing with electoral corruption, are mentioned. There is also outlined a political and public debate on electoral reform, with an emphasis on parliamentary relevant debate. The text of the thesis is divided into six sections, corresponding to the chronological development. The first section focuses on the description and evaluation of the unreformed suffrage prior to 1832. The...
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Riscs of remote internet voting from the perspective of voting rights
Chmelíková, Tereza ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Remote internet voting is a phenomenon of modern democratic societies. This topic has slowly become an important and frequent subject of political research. Thus, the aim of the thesis was to analyse this inovative, but yet controversial, method of voting from the standpoint of voting rights. The first of the thesis is concern on the general theory of elections and legal concept of voting rights to understand the meaning of elements of voting rights. The second part of the thesis comprises three case studies on countries which have already organised the remote internet voting in some types of elections: Estonia, Switzerland and the Netherlands. These chapters have proved several issues and variables between particular e-voting systems, such as the possibility of casting e-votes repeatedly, who is allowed to use internet voting or where votes can be cast on-line. The main goal of the thesis was to provide a clear set of potentional barriers of remote internet voting for an accomplishment of democratic suffrage in cases of these three countries and evaluate the possibilities of the idea of remote internet voting used in the electoral system of the Czech Republic. Thus, the third part of the thesis was focused on the case of the Czech republic and main principles of vote suffrage. The author...
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Disfranchising Prisoners in the U.S. - New Means of Segragation?: Case Study of Commonwealth of Virginia
Pánková, Tereza ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
The thesis Disfranchising Prisoners in the U.S. - New Means of Segregation?: Case Study of Commonwealth of Virginia deals with the equality of the criminal justice system in Virginia. The goal of this thesis is to determine, whether the criminal justice system in the Commonwealth of Virginia is used to discriminate against minorities and if the laws and practices are creating a group of second-class citizens out of African Americans. The first chapter will be devoted to the data and history of disenfranchisement, the second chapter will deal with the consequences of a felony conviction, such as the loss of the right to vote, loss of employment and loss of social benefits and parental rights. In the last chapter of my thesis, I will analyze the possibilities of a future reform and its main sources, such as court decisions, the ratification of a constitutional amendment to the Virginia Constitution, and gubernatorial action by the Governor of Virginia. The findings of this thesis show that the criminal justice in Virginia is used to discriminate against African Americans and that the laws and practices are creating a group of second-class citizens out of African Americans.
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The Question of Race in the American Women's Suffrage Movement and the Works of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
Géryk, Jan ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Kubátová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the question of race in the discourse of representatives of the woman suffrage movement in the USA. Its goal is to find out how was the theme of race used in the effort of women to achieve the right to vote, where the main focus is on the discourse of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony as the leading figures of white middle class American feminism and suffragism. The thesis uses the method of critical discourse analysis and tries to find out how were black men, black women, or white women themselves (in order to compare themselves with other groups of people) presented by the authors during the campaign for the voting rights. Very important for the thesis is the relation text-context, the relation between speeches or articles of the authors and social conditions of the period. That is why this thesis deals with the wider context of authors' discourse, especially with the history of voting rights in the USA and the history of woman rights movement. The description in the thesis starts before the American Civil War, then it goes through the Reconstruction period, when the important constitutional amendments were passed, through 1870s and 1880s, to the end of the 19th century, when the Southern states introduced new limitations of the voting rights. The aim of...
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Františka Zeminová
Borská, Eva ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Havlůjová, Hana (referee)
1. ABSTRAKT Tato práce pojednává o životě Františky Zeminové (1882 - 1962), která působila jako redaktorka, národně-socialistická politička a aktivní členka ženského hnutí. Významná část práce mapuje její činnost v ženském hnutí a v různých ženských organizacích, zejména pak její činnost ve Výboru pro volební právo žen, který roku 1905 spoluzakládala. Byla velkou obdivovatelkou Masaryka a Beneše a byla to právě ona, kdo již při prvomájových slavnostech roku 1918 provolával slávu T. G. Masarykovi, za což byla na čas vypovězena z Prahy. Již od 14. listopadu 1918 se stala členkou Národního shromáždění, kde setrvala s výjimkou válečných let až do roku 1948. V průběhu své politické kariéry bojovala za plné zrovnoprávnění žen, za lepší pracovní podmínky, za zlepšení sociální situace vdov a sirotků a rázně zápolila s korupcí, prostitucí a alkoholismem. Věnovala se také hospodářským otázkám. Roku 1938 byla nucena stáhnout se z politického života a po celé trvání války působila v odboji. Ke konci války spoluzaložila Revoluční výkonný výbor národně-socialistické strany, který pomohl s obnovou strany v osvobozeném Československu. Po celý život a zejména pak v letech 1945-1948 se vyhrazovala proti politice Komunistické strany a po únoru 1948 odešla z politického a veřejného života. Roku 1949 byla zatčena a souzena v...
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Foreign Nationals' Use of the Electoral Law in the Local Elections in Czech Republic
Machová, Zuzana ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
Diploma thesis sets itself a task to evaluate the using of voting right by foreign nationals in local elections in the Czech Republic. The thesis shows the approach of other member states of European Union to the voting right of foreign nationals in local elections, the legislative framework and the legal position of foreign nationals in the Czech Republic. The centre point of the thesis lies in the real experience of the foreign nationals and mayors or workers of municipal authorities with voting right in the local elections. Information gained during the research allows to study the practice of voting right. During the research there were discovered reasons why the foreign nationals participate or not in local elections. There were explained opinions of foreign nationals about the quality of information of their possibility to participate in local elections and about the conditions of voting right declared by state. Opinions and ideas of foreign nationals are compared with the opinions and experience of mayors or workers of municipal authorities and state institutions.
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The extremist organisation's potential in addressing teenagers in Czech republic
Papajiková, Miroslava ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
THE EXTREMIST ORGANISATION'S POTENTIAL IN ADDRESSING TEENAGERS IN CZECH REPUBLIC Theses MIROSLAVA PAPAJIKOVÁ Abstract This paper is engaged in teenagers and their attitude towards the extremist organisation. The author sums up basic connotations of terms used in connection with the extremism. She acquaints readers with the best known extremist organisation in Czech republic and their methods how to address other people, namely teenagers. However, the text is focused especially on the real situation and that s why it contains an empirical part dedicated to research, where she submits and evaluates the dates obtained from questionnaires. The aim of this text is an analyse of the attitude of teenagers (without the right to vote) to the extremist organisation and vice versa the attitude of this organisation to the teenagers. The hypothesis is based on the notion that teenagers join the extremist organisation because of their dissatisfaction with the political situation and even as the absence of the right to vote.
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Attitudes of czech political parties towards the reform of electoral system
Juklíček, Petr ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Petřík, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis researches the stance of czech political parties to reform of the electoral systém. The goal of the paper is to find out what form of electoral systém is prefered by each political party. The paper itself is divided into three parts. The first part is analysis of electoral systems, which should serve as theretical foundations for next parts of the thesis. In the second part the author analyses electoral reforms in Czech republic and in Czechoslovakia after the year 1989. The third part is research, for which the author states three hypotheses, which are absed on work of Maurice Duverger and Giovanni Sartori. The first hypothesis assumes, that big parties favour majority voting, or certain form of proportional system which favours big parties. Second hypothesis puts emphasis on smaller political parties. The author thinks, that small political parties will favour proportional system in its current form, or in that kind of form which favours small parties. The third hypothesis assumes, that small political parties, which were not elected into the House of representatives will advocate for banning or at least reducing of the electoral threshold. These hypotheses are confronted with data. Data was collected via interviews and surveys with party members and representatives.
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