|
| |
|
|
The Confidence Gap and Its Influence on Women in Leadership
Kudrnáčová, Michaela ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Voleková, Hana (referee)
Confidence gap a její vliv na participaci žen ve vedoucích pozicích Michaela Kudrnáčová Abstract This thesis is aimed on the gap between male and female confidence and its influence on women in leadership. The paper serves as a summary of the most important current information concerning this topic. The aim is to find the extend of the deficit of women's confidence on participation on women in leadership, and to identify this problem in the Czech context. Depending on the literature and other available empirical findings, women are to a great extend lead to the stereotypical behaviour since their young age. This is highly influenced by the corresponding gender roles and it can result in the deficit in their confidence and also negatively influence the participation in the leadership. Findings of this paper open a societal discussion about the way women are perceived and accepted by the society, and the way to change the situation of working women for the better.
|
|
|
Quotas in politics as a way to obtain equality between the sexes?
Mottlová, Markéta ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Vargovčíková, Jana (referee)
The main purpose of this text is to answer a question whether quotas in politics create conditions for obtaining equality between the sexes. Women's consistent underrepresentation in legislatures constitutes a democratic deficit and quotas are suggested as a possible means of attaining women's equal participation in political decision-making. Arguments for and against quotas will be showed. Quotas are aligned with several concepts - a politics of presence, descriptive representation and differentiated citizenship. It will be also explained why the unequal distribution of the unpaid labor of the family is a major obstacle for women to gain equality in politics. It will be described what types of quotas are actually applied, what are the effects of gender quotas in terms of numbers as well as the empowerment of women and under what conditions are women politicians able to make use of their positions as elected politicians. Attention will be paid to some years of experience with the implementation of quotas in Africa, whether the inclusion of women in politics furthers democratization and interests of women. South Africa will be showed as a country in which gender quotas are applied with success. In contrast negative effects of quotas in certain political system and context will be pointed out.
|
|
|
Slums as a result of urbanization of poverty in Africa
Černá, Karolína ; Sládek, Jan (advisor) ; Duffková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of slums in Africa with a focus on its eastern region. First part presents information on the fundamental aspects of this issue in theory line, when primarily uses foreign publications. It specifically focuses on the influence of post- colonialism, the process of urbanization and the incidence of slums. Second part illustrates the situation on the example of slums in Nairobi and Addis Ababa. Its main purpose is to show the quality of life of local population. Analysis is performed by the three studies; one refers to Nairobi and two Addis Ababa. It also seeks to answer the research questions that are listed at the beginning of this part. Overall results suggest that local people live in very poor conditions which do not provide adequate housing, access to infrastructures and education, and the unemployment rate is very high. Keywords Urbanization, poverty, slums, inequality, capital
|
|
| |
|
|
Historie nerovných příležitostí v USA: Segregace hispánských dětí ve školách
Veselková, Eva ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
A History of Unequal Opportunity in the U.S. Segregation of Latino School Children Half a century has passed since the U.S. Supreme Court famously stated that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. After all this time, separate facilities are still the reality and they are still unequal. This thesis examines the educational experience of Latino children in the United States from the twentieth century up to the present, with the main focus on the area of the American Southwest. The history of Latino school segregation is examined from the legal perspective, focusing on the significant court cases in which Latinos fought against segregation and for equal educational opportunities. A special attention is paid to Mendez v. Westminster federal court case, which has ended de jure segregation of Latinos after the World War II. While the topic of school segregation in relation to Latinos is often overlooked by professional literature and little known to the public, it is very important as Latinos represent one fourth of all public school children in the United States today. This paper concludes that, because of school segregation, the educational history of Latinos in the United States is one of unequal opportunity. Moreover, the educational opportunities of Latino children remain...
|
|
|
Social Exclusion in Eyes of the Population of Excluded Localities, social Workers and Officials
Ježek, Michal ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Voleková, Hana (referee)
The theme of the thesis is the problem of social exclusion and socially excluded localities. The work deals with the view of inhabitants of socially excluded localities and experts who are involved in creating and implementing inclusive policies at the local level. The text is divided into a theoretical part, which deals with the concept of social exclusion, its history and current discourse. The following describes why and who is most at risk of social exclusion, what are its causes and consequences. Since this work deals with the view of socially excluded localities, theoretical part also describes the origin and definition of these localities. The practical part consists of an analysis of interviews with respondents from among the inhabitants of excluded localities and experts. The aim is to determine how these actors of inclusive policies perceived problem of social exclusion and excluded areas. It is the task of the work to find out what are the biggest problems of inhabitants of socially excluded localities, what are the social links within the localities and how is the problem of social exclusion solved at the local level.
|
|
|
An Analysis of the Chinese Labor Market
Shin, Eunyoung ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chytilová, Julie (referee)
An Analysis of the Chinese Labor Market Eunyoung Shin Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to analyze China's labor market. Before main analysis, we examine modern history of China. Based on the history, we discover background of China's economic growth and side effects which are represented as inequality. While China pursues uneven regional development policy, regional disparity problems have been emerged. To meet our goal, we have three factors: employment, average wage, and tertiary education attainment. First, we provide overall labor market situation from various angles: urban-rural, sector, and ownership type. Second, we examine our three factors by province. Finally, we summarize results of analysis and make a comparison about provinces. All data employed in this paper are extracted from National Bureau of Statistics of China and reference year is 2005, 2010, and 2014.
|
|
|
Symbolic Boundaries constructed by a a Group of Stagehands
Kubíček, Matěj ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
Matěj Kubíček - Symbolic boundaries constructed by a group of stgehands Abstract The author analyzes the way a group of stagehands (manual workers in the preparation of cultural events) construct symbolic and social boundaries within and especially outside group, ie to other participants in the preparation and conduct of these events. Theoretical background of the thesis is the concept of symbolic and social boundaries by Michele Lamont and Virag Molnar and the theory of moral boundaries by Andrew Sayer. Sayer's theory says that the moral boundaries of groups or societies are formed on the basis of the values shared by these groups and the moral condemnation of other groups or companies due to non-recognition of these values. Author's field work confirms that this strategy of the creation of borders is present and shows the specific values it is based on. He finds that stagehands construct symbolic boundaries that are parallel to the formal boundaries, only with opposite direction of superiority.
|
|
|
The Position of Woman in Judaism and Islam with Respect to Human Rights
Kuntová, Pavlína ; Hošek, Pavel (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Position of Woman in Judaism and Islam with Respect to Human Rights" deals with the status of woman in traditional religious communities. It points out the disparity between the status of woman and man, often inadequate concept of universal human rights. The work focuses on human rights itself, from the perspective of religion and from the perspective of the West. It shows their similarities and differences. Part of the work is devoted to the status of woman from ancient times until the present. A large part is devoted to the status of woman in traditional family and her obligations towards man. Mainly discusses marriage and divorce. Does not forget to even mention the current state of women's status in Israel and Saudi Arabia, as the dominant religious leaders. In this work are interpreted true testimony of women about their status. We will meet both responses, the positive and the negative.
|
guest ::
