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Psychosocial factors affecting alcohol use in menopausal women
Janečková, Dana ; Kuda, Aleš (advisor) ; Radimecký, Josef (referee)
Background: Alcohol use during menopause in women is poorly mapped. Climacterium and the transition from reproductive life to life without menses are associated with many, not only health challenges. Aim: The aim of the research was to map the link between alcohol use and the period of menopause. Design of the work: Quantitative research is based on the analysis of data obtained through an anonymous questionnaire survey that took place on the Facebook page Menopause is not a pause. The questionnaire included two standardized questionnaires, namely the Kupperman index and the AUDIT test for the identification of alcohol use disorders. Research set: The research sample consisted of 89 respondents ranging from 40 to 55 years of age. This group was further divided into two groups, namely women who went through menopause (n = 35) and women who did not go through menopause (n = 54). Methods: Descriptive analysis was performed by methods of descriptive statistics. The hypotheses were verified using Spearman's nonparametric correlation coefficient and his statistical significance test. The Shapiro-Wilk test and the Mann-Whitney U test were also used. Results: The first hypothesis investigated the relationship between the value of the Kupperman index and the number of negative changes. The statistical test...
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Need Assessment of Alcohol-dependent Seniors in Medium-term Institutional Treatment
Ondráčková, Petra ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Background: Owing to current demographic trends reflecting an aging population, there is an increase in the group of older individuals facing issues related to alcohol consumption. This group is increasingly seeking assistance within the network of addiction services, including medium-term institutional treatment. Due to the unique physical, emotional, and cognitive characteristics associated with aging seniors and older adults respond differently to treatment compared to younger adults. Currently, healthcare providers often lack sufficient interventions related to treatment and harm reduction for substance use among older adults, addressing a broad-spectrum risk associated with substance use in this age group. Goals: The goal of the thesis is to use needs analysis to determine the needs of older users in medium-term institutional treatment and to assess whether the range of interventions meets these needs. Additionally, the thesis aims to identify potential improvements to the service better address these needs. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clients undergoing medium- term institutional treatment. The research sample, consisting of 7 men and 6 women aged 65 and older, was selected through intentional (purposive) sampling, specifically employing purposive selection...
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Chování spotřebitelů na trhu s alkoholickými nápoji
Novák, Jan
The diploma thesis is focused on consumer behaviour on the market for al-coholic beverages in the Czech Republic. The goal is to identify the key factors that influence consumers to consume alcohol. Using secondary data, the market for alco-holic beverages was analyzed with a focus on average alcohol consumption and in-dividual types of alcoholic beverages. At the same time, a questionnaire survey of respondents was added, and the results of the work revealed differences in the rea-sons that lead to the consumption of alcoholic beverages, including the influence of cultural, family and economic factors. The actual work includes the segmentation of respondents using cluster analysis and their division into five clusters according to differences in consumption behaviour, at the same time it is supplemented with rec-ommendations aimed at reducing alcohol consumption in the Czech Republic.
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Motivy spotřeby alkoholických nápojů u českých spotřebitelů
Černý, Tomáš
Černý, T. Motives of alcohol beverages consumption of Czech consumers. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2023. The diploma thesis deals with the motives of alcohol beverages consumption in the Czech Republic. The main objective is the identification of consumer behav-iour in connection with the alcohol beverages consumption. Using secondary data, the thesis evaluates the state of consumption in the world and in the Czech Repub-lic. The questionnaire survey and the testing of the dependence of qualitative characteristics were used to find out the motives of alcohol beverages consump-tion and for the consumer segmentation. Recommendations for the consumption reduction were based on the information found.
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The Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Gross and Fine Motor Skills of Individuals
Purchartová, Dana ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Reckziegelová, Petra (referee)
Title: The Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Gross and Fine Motor Skills of Individuals Objectives of the thesis: The main objective of my thesis is to assess an immediate effect of alcohol on selected tasks from the area of fine and gross motor skills. First identified were the average values for selected tests in sober individuals, and then the values with an increasing level of alcohol in blood. The second objective is to differentiate whether or not are fine and gross motor skills affected upon the same alcohol level in blood. Methods: The required data were obtained on the basis of experimental measurements on 12 probands (6 women and 6 men) who were tested for fine motor skills using three non- standardized tests modified or created for the purpose of this experiment: threading beads on a string, unlocking locks and dropping coins to a moneybox. Gross motor skills were tested using stabilometric platform in a standing position with legs together and with open eyes for 30 seconds. The observed parameter in the fine motor skills test was the time, while in the stability test it was the track of COP; each fine motor skills test was performed three times in each round. In the second and in each subsequent round every proband was administered 0.3 g of alcohol per kg of weight. The total number of...
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Framing of alcohol in the Czech press and its comparison in the period before and during COVID-19 pandemic
Andresek, Šimon ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on how the topic of alcohol consumption was framed in the Czech press in two subsequent periods: 2018-2019 and 2020-2021. The emphasis is put on comparing the findings from both research periods, both in terms of frames and other variables studied, such as the topic, the source cited, or the relationship between the sex of the protagonists and the narrative(s) present. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the influence of media content on public sphere, through the description of the phenomenon of agenda-setting. Then the framing itself is presented, both through the perspective of the agenda-setting theory (as a subset of it), but also as a completely autonomous phenomenon. Different perspectives on framing are presented which are then illustrated with several spatiotemporally distinct studies that address the media framing of alcohol use. The analytical part consists of two methodological components - qualitative and quantitative content analysis. First, qualitative content analysis is used in order to find and describe issue-specific frames at the forefront of the generic conflict frame. Subsequently, the presence of the described specific conflict narratives in both research periods is quantified and the findings are compared. The results suggest that alcohol...
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Mechanistic insights into alcohol-induced interstrand crosslink repair by the nuclease SLX4-XPF-ERCC1
Havlíková, Jana ; Šilhán, Jan (advisor) ; Lux, Vanda (referee)
Alcohol ranks among the most widely used recreational drugs in the world, even though it is considered a risk factor for more than 200 diseases. The primary negative impact of alcohol lies in its metabolite, acetaldehyde, which, as a highly reactive compound, can form mutagenic adducts and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) in DNA. The formation of ICLs, which have a covalent nature and block the separation of the two DNA strands during replication, is one of the important causes of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. To maintain genomic stability, repair mechanisms have evolved. One of them is a pathway that uses proteins encoded by Fanconi anaemia genes, whose defects lead to the disease of the same name. Defects in repair pathways can be particularly dangerous in individuals with impaired functionality in other metabolic pathways, such as alcoholics and individuals with mutations in genes that result in the accumulation of toxic acetaldehyde. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with alcohol metabolism, in vivo acetaldehyde formation, and its interactions with DNA. The ICL and their repair pathways are characterized in more detail. A separate chapter is dedicated to Fanconi anaemia. The practical part of this work focuses on the preparation of site-specific acetaldehyde- induced ICL (AA-ICLs) and the study...
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Exposure to alcohol advertising among second grade primary school students in Prague
Baraník, Petr ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Petruželka, Benjamin (referee)
Background: During adolescence, individuals develop their own lifestyle, experience self- awareness, and shape their identity. Children in this period often experiment, reject advice, and disregard the opinions of adults. Alcohol advertising shapes a positive relationship with alcohol across age groups. Adolescents seek new friendships, good mood, and an escape from stress, anxiety, and obligations. Alcohol advertising specifically offers guidance and recommendations for alcohol consumption. Alcohol advertising fails to highlight the negative consequences of alcohol use and the risks of addiction. Aim: Describe and analyse the relationship between the influence of alcohol advertising, and the views and experiences of primary two pupils on alcohol use. To evaluate the exposure to alcohol advertising among second grade primary school students in Prague. To investigate the impact of alcohol advertising on pupils' attitudes and behaviour. To analyse pupils' awareness of the risks associated with alcohol consumption. Methods: The bachelor's thesis has the character of quantitative research, the research tool is a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Between May and June 2023, 35 elementary schools in the capital city of Prague were approached, of which 9 elementary schools were willing to participate....
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Knowledge of selected high school students on the effects and health risks of alcohol and tobacco products usage
Freslová, Veronika ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with the issues of alcohol and tobacco use, their effects on the organism and the associated health risks. The aim of the work, based on information gathered from empirical research, is to map the level of knowledge among secondary school students about the risks of using alcohol and tobacco products and their effects on health. The theoretical basis of this thesis is based on the available professional literature devoted to this topic, at the same time it relies on empirical experience gained from the practice. As part of the empirical part, the thesis involves a questionnaire survey involving volunteers from the pupils of the Secondary Vocational School of Catering in Říčany. By summarising the results of the research investigation, it can be said that general knowledge and information about both alcohol and tobacco products and their effects on health is available to users. Surprisingly, across ages or social groups, smoking is generally tolerated by society as opposed to drinking alcohol. The explanation lies in the fact that smoking does not affect the user's judgement. It can therefore be said that smoking is considered a normal part of everyday life by the respondents asked. In contrast, they are more likely to use alcohol under the influence of a social group and to fit in...
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