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Remember the Bombs: Memory of the Belgrade Bombings from the Second World War from 1995 until 2003
Puškarov, Katarina ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Daniel, Ondřej (referee)
This study explores the usage of the memory of the bombings of Belgrade from WWII in the time period of Yugoslavia from 1995 until 2003. Considering that Belgrade was bombed by two opposing forces during WWII, once by Nazis in 1941, and the second time by the Allies in 1944, and due to the fact that the exploitation of memory of the two bombings was rather unequal during the Socialist Yugoslavia with the latter bombings being a taboo theme, I was interested in answering following questions: how the two memories were used in the times before, during and after the NATO Air Strikes of Yugoslavia, if the memory of the Allied bombings emerged in the public sphere and how it coexists with the one of the Nazi bombings. My primary sources are articles from "Politika" newspaper issues from commemoration dates during the research time frame from 1995 until 2003. The final conclusion shows the dominant usage of the memory of the Nazi bombings throughout the whole time frame even though we could witness the emergence of the memory of the Allied bombings.
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Political Imprisonment as a Part of the Intergenerational Transmission of Ancestral History by Stories
Plecháčková, Debora ; Kabele, Jiří (advisor) ; Tomášek, Marcel (referee)
The thesis deals with intergenerational transmission of stories about political prisoners of 50s. In the theoretical part the concepts connected with sociology of memory are compiled - collective memory, family (better ancestral) memory, communicative memory, and generations. Also the historical contexts of political imprisonment, of the Prague spring and of the Velvet revolution are summarized. The author then made a qualitative analysis of the interviews with two following generations of descendants of six political prisoners. The analysis showed that the communicative situations were significantly co-determined by the author's intergenerational relations to the narrators: to generation of grandparents, parents and in some cases to contemporaries. Also often found metareflections about history and destiny of people, repeated specific stories with symbolic content or mingling of big (national) and small (family) history were connected with the genre of narration adequate to the communicative situation. The interviews allow characterizing of the intergenerational transmission of stories about political prisons of 50s as the communicative memory connected with specific life situations (e.g. adolescent asking) but also limited by many barriers. When transferring family history (but apparently even...
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Living Close to the Astronauts and 'in the Centre of the Universe': Every-day Life of the 'Panel Housing' Estate Jižní Město in Prague
Cassi Pelikán, Hana ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bittnerová, Dana (referee) ; Nosková, Jana (referee)
The subject of this thesis is to record the every-day life, local and collective memory, and relationships of individuals - local inhabitants of the 'panel-housing' estate, Jižní Město, in Prague - towards the specific urban and social space in which they live. The thesis is based on interviews, with the long-term inhabitants of Jižní Město, which were structured to record their lived experience in the housing estate during two consecutive periods in recent Czechoslovak history - the so-called normalisation and post-socialism periods. The interviews were used as an empirical counterbalance to architectural/city planning discourse and Czech media, which has interpreted the legacy of 'panel-housing' estates in a negative way, as the socialist form of housing par excellence. The aim of this thesis is to analyse this discourse, which also reflects how Czech society deals with its communist past, and to compare it with the experiences, evaluations and current challenges in the lives of these long- term inhabitants, living in the biggest Czech 'panel-housing' estate with a bad reputation. Key words: panel-housing estates, Jižní Město, housing, local/collective memory, local/urban identity, everyday life, city, so-called normalisation.
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The Cultural Space and Memory in the Work of Viktor Fischl
Štychová, Michaela ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Špirit, Michael (referee)
The aim of this work is to show, how the collective, or rathert he cultural memory is realized in the work of Viktor Fischl in the term of the Holocaust, in which way is the traumatic experience objected in "remembering" in particular Fischl's books, how the characters deal with this experience. Theoretical framework is mainly based on Aleida and Jan Assmann's essays and studies and Maurice Halbwachs's important and inspiring book Collective memory. The main focus of this paper is based on its practical part in which the author tries to clarify and verify conceptions of cultural memory in literary texts. The emphasis is put on those post-war Fischl's proses which reflect the Holocaust exactly from the perspective of author's time, spatial and also empirical distance. This distance creates a very specific form of remembering and its narration. In the conclusion the findings are summed up and generalized. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The collective memory of the forcibly ejected inhabitants: the oral history of Neveklov ant its neighbourhood during the 2nd World War
Štěpánková, Jana ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Janeček, Petr (referee)
This Rigorous Thesis is the benefit to studying of the questions of the oral history of forcibly ejected inhabitants of Neveklov and its neighbourhoods during the 2nd World War. About this region, there exists authentic testimony and this territory is fixed in the collective memory. The oral history is a highly valued literary source. Its value is in the authenticity, which is characterized by selectivity and represents another point of view. The essay brings the unique opportunity to get acquainted with witnesses of the wartime. At present this testimony is unknown or is being forgotten in the offical documents. The essay follows the researches of Jaromír Jech from the middle of the last century. If we compare the results of both researches, we get the view of the importance of forcible displacement of Czech inhabitants in a demarcated region. Result of this work is the analysis of the results obtained with the help of the modern approaches that are based on the method of the oral history, which is a part of the qualitative research, with an emphasis on general objectives and context. It also simultaneously maps over the current state, i.e. the reflection of the forcible war persecution on the present times and its viability in the future, functionality of the generation transfers and the ways of...
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Skopje 2014: The Govermental Role in the Spatial Politics of Collective Memory
Nikolovska, Ivana ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee) ; Ozouf Marignier, Marie Vic (referee)
Skopje 2014: Governmental Role in the Spatial Politics of Collective Memory In my research the key interest is to understand how the government uses public spaces in order to supply the continuity of the narratives and how it maintains collective memories. In the matter of the public interpretations of the past, I am especially interested in the effects it has upon the collective memories of the citizens, notably to the generations, who have experienced the city. Above all, I examine the work of artists and architects who are using styles and symbols that affect the memories by ambivalent imitations and interpretations. Such content is seen within the framework of a multi- ethnical state presented by polarized public with polarized relations between the two major ethnicities of Macedonians and Albanians. I will try to examine the level of manipulation while demonstrating history in public space, creating false correlations of the past. Such phenomenon has been perceived as a one of having negative influence at present. It is taken as a possible change within the process of identification of future generations. I organized the research in two parts. In the first one I give a synchronic presentation of delivered criticism and comments on the project"Skopje 2014". In the second part, having a...
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Social Life and Local Identity in Děčín (Tetschen) and Podmokly (Bodenbach) 1870-1920
Podlucký, Martin ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
(in English): The theoretical part of the dissertation analyzes the process of modernization in the long- lasting nineteenth century and related terms. In particular nationalism, nation, identity, and memory. The case part follows up the towns Děčín and Podmokly and the beginnings and changes in identity of the local inhabitants in the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. It lists the available sources and bibliography that are related to local identity. It describes the social life and the divelopment of both towns. The dissertation finds through the analysis of the dictionary entry the basic components of the local identity. The selected components are being analyzed by means of toponymy books, guide books, and primary sources. The work also follows the ways of influencing the local identity by the national proportionality and the national rivalry between the Czechs and the Germans.
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Telling Community in William Faulkner's A Rose for Emily: A Case Study in Narrative Technique
Krtička, Filip ; Ulmanová, Hana (advisor) ; Matthews, John Thomas (referee)
This MA thesis provides a close analysis of William Faulkner's most famous short story, "A Rose for Emily." The focus the thesis is motivated by what I take to be the central theme of the short story: community and its functioning. Shifting the focus from the main character to the narrator, I want to "rectify" the perception of the short story which owns its renown largely to its "shocking" or "gothic" aspect. The utilized methodology is chosen with respect to the proposed interpretation. The prism through which the text is approached is narratology. To account for the peculiar narrator of "A Rose for Emily," I use the narratological framework of "collective narrative" ("we narration"). Another important theoretical framework introduced in order to interpret the short story is the interdisciplinary concept of "collective memory." Some sociological conceptions of community are discussed. In the introductory chapter, I mainly discuss the concept of person in narrative and argue against the traditional distinction between first and third person narratives. In the second chapter, I provide an introduction to the technique of collective narrative. The third chapter provides a close reading of "A Rose for Emily" in the context of collective narrative. Firstly, I identify the narrator as essentially...
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Regional Identity and Conflict in Transnistria since Late Communism
Niutenko, Olga ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Janáč, Jiří (referee) ; Nucifora, Melania (referee)
This study examines the issues of Transnistrian conflict, Transnistrian identity and Transnistrian statehood through the fields of historiography, economic development, language and educational politics, religion, Soviet ideology and the place of memory in two parts of the Republic of Moldova, Bessarabia and Transnistria. The results of this study reveal the influence of the above-listed spheres on identity in both regions, the significant role of the leadership of Transnistria and the Republic of Moldova in shaping peoples' opinion and strengthening the idea of Transnistrian statehood, and the existence of regional identity in Transnistria during a phase of transition.
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Collective Memory and Historical Responsibility in Contemporary Japan
Kovácsová, Petra ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
Collective memory is a term that describes a series of memories of individuals that are shared by the collective and treated as official and socially acceptable for the group, may that be a small community or the whole nation. Memory is always selective and subjective so it cannot be taken as an equal to history. However, its value as a historical source should not be underestimated. A significant part of the collective memory in contemporary Japan is the Second World War. Even though it has been almost two generations since its end, the memories and the legacy are still vivid. The reason why is the great impact the war had on the Japanese. The country changed immensely and the society also underwent major modifications. One of them was the fact that once a proud nation deriving its origin from gods had to take responsibility for the war atrocities and accept their defeat. As my work will demonstrate, the question of historical responsibility has not been fully answered yet. There are still people who believe that Japan has not done enough to apologise and atone for its crimes and they demand action. I am using the example of the former comfort women, whose case is still open, to illustrate that there are still war-connected problems in Japan that are being overlooked or not dealt with properly....
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