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Depiction and Meaning of Animals in Renaissance Portraiture: The Case of the Ermine
Marešová, Markéta ; Konečný, Lubomír (advisor) ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with representation of animal and their meaning in european portrait painting of the period spanning from second half of 15th century till the beginning of 17th century and it sets to describe relationship between humans and animals occurring in the symptomatic space of portraiture as well as the renaissance culture in general. Among the art genres it is portrait where we can trace immediate interaction of humans and animals as the later are usually included in the painting on demand of the submitter of the artwork and are positioned there as a symbol though which the portrayed person communicates with viewer. The fundamental characteristic of animal symbolic is its ambivalence and multiplicity of meaning shaped over centuries as the renaissance iconography of animal have been dominantly formed by ancient manuscripts and medieval bestiaries. From the wide specter of animals represented in this period my thesis is focusing in detail on the case of ermine which was one of the less commonly represented animals. Symbolism of the ermine is further discussed in case study on two particular master pieces of renaissance art - Lady with an Ermine by Leonardo da Vinci and Young Knight in a Landscape from venetian painter Vittore Carpaccio - where the appearance of the animal plays key role...
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Animals in rituals of Czech hunters today
Erben, Jakub ; Trnka, Radek (advisor) ; Sosna, Daniel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the rituals of hunting and animals that are in them, directly or indirectly emerge and with which they are associated. It does so by using qualitative methods, namely the techniques of observation and interviews. The research results are presented in the form of a story that brings us how it is with the hunts, how such hunts look like and what all may be associated context furlongs. The thesis is divided into two main parts - theoretical, where we present the current knowledge of rituals and hunting - and empirical where this knowledge is deepened and disseminated through the interpretation of the results of my anthropological research. According relation to hunting, hunters can be distinguished as culls, hunters and hunters without morals. Hunters attach importance to rituals differently depending on various factors, among which is their devotion to hunting and general relationship that it has. Rituals have a unifying power, while not practising them separate those individuals from the ones that identify themselves with the community. In the context of hunting we talk about the so-called fee hunts, which are perceived by the respondents as a necessary evil, which may have a positive impact not only on hunting, though. Key words: hunters, rituals, animals Powered by...
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Representation of Animals in the Czech media - Blesk, MF Dnes
Kratochvílová, Jana ; Novák, Arnošt (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the relationship between humans and animals in contemporary society. Formerly animals were a part of everyday human life but with the advent of modern society, the relationship between man and animal weakens. Today the situation is such that people increasingly form the relationship with animals only through the media. Therefore, the aim of practical research was to determine how and in what context animals are represented in the Czech media, specifically in two selected newspapers - Blesk and MF Dnes. To achieve a comprehensive view on the subject, the work combined two basic approaches to research - qualitative and quantitative. Main method is a qualitative frame analysis during which frames of representing animals that occur in these two newspapers were formulated, described and interpreted. To complement and quantify the information gathered in qualitative analysis, quantitative content analysis was also made. Among others, the results offer us a reflection how we currently think about animals and what role they play in our lives and in life of the whole society.
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Mitogenomic phylogeography and adaptive evolution of the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus
Filipi, Karolína ; Kotlík, Petr (advisor) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
This thesis is a part of the project aimed at sequencing the genome and transcriptome of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). The role of natural selection in the evolution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been subject to much discussion; while some studies did not provide evidence that selection affected the phylogeography of the studied species, other considered adaptive evolution important. The bank vole is the key model we use to study the adaptation to climate change. As with other species, the phylogeography of the bank vole has been based on the variation of a small part of mtDNA. The goal of the thesis was to sequence the entire mitochondrial genome for representatives of all main mtDNA lineages of the bank vole using the Sanger and Illumina technologies, and to assess the role of selection and adaptation in the evolution and phylogeography of this species. The adaptive evolution in mtDNA probably was not the main driving force during the postlacial colonization of Europe. However, signatures of adaptive evolution have been found - an amino acid change with possible functional consequences in one gene and an excess of radical changes in physical- chemical properties of amino acids in populations at the latitudinal (northern and southern) extremes of the bank vole distribution. Key...
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Origin of species by interspecific hybridization in animals
Štiková, Jana ; Reifová, Radka (advisor) ; Choleva, Lukáš (referee)
Speciation mostly occur by splitting an ancestral species into two daughter species. Alternatively, new species may arise by hybridization, a phenomenon known as hybrid speciation. This type of speciation is frequent especially in plants, but recently, a growing number of example has been described also in animals. The aim of this thesis is to summarize the current knowledge about hybrid speciation and describe known examples of hybrid speciation in animals. Hybrid speciation in animals is mostly homoploid, e.g. without the change of number of chromosomes. I found 23 homoploid hybrid species in animals. Most of them belong to insects and fishes, but know examples are also among birds and mammals. Origin of species in animals by hybrid speciation seems to be more commons than was previously thought. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Selected Aspects of Animal Breeding at Primary Schools
Boučková, Veronika ; Andreska, Jan (referee) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
Title Selected Aspects of Animal Breeding at Primary Schools Abstract Content of the work is based on my diploma thesis. It is focused on the most problematic parts of a settlement of school breeding. The theoretical part of my thesis is based on a study of specialized literature and interview. It describes history and present state of breeding, especially school breeding. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the basis of school breedings. First of all, there is a survey of a complicated legislation in the field of interest breeding, which discourages teachers from breeding. The next chapter contains information concerning health hazards for students, especially about allergy and phobias. That is why a special attention is focused on problems of suitable species for school breeding in the next chapter. The last chapter contains inspiration for teachers in writing of Gerald Durrell.
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Zoo here and there: Observation of Visitor Behavior in the Prague and Reykjavík Zoos
Vysopal, Ondřej Věnek ; Stella, Marco (advisor) ; Halbich, Marek (referee)
In my diploma thesis I deal with the perception of the modern zoological gardens by observing visitor behavior. The thesis captures the emergence of zoos in Europe in the late 18th and 19th century gardens and their role as a source of knowledge and as a representation of the relationship between man and animal. Based on the observations of visitors I present two European zoological gardens - Prague Zoo and Reykjavík Zoo & Family Park - as spaces reflecting a certain culture. Reykjavík as a place with a simple mission dedicated for the education of small children in several fields, not only in zoology, and Prague as a complex universe, a merge of several different places with different meanings, such as a place for education, relaxation, photographing, standing against the contemporary western critical theories of zoological gardens. Key words: Zoological gardens, visitors, animals, humans, culture, looking at animals, behavior of visitors, Reykjavík, Prague, Iceland
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The impact of human knowledge on animals and plants
Richterová, Klaudie ; Thein, Karel (advisor) ; Jirsa, Jakub (referee)
Název práce: Dopad lidského poznání na zvířata a rostliny Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Karel Thein, Ph.D. Vypracovala: Klaudie Richterová Abstrakt anglicky The last century has seen the rise of interest in the welfare of animals and one of the leaders of this movement has been the philosopher Peter Singer. His theory says that animals have their own interests, just like humans, because they are able to feel pleasure and pain. On the basis of this assumption he recurs to the principle of equal consideration of interests. Nevertheless this principle applies only to animals and human beings. However, modern research proves that humans and animals are not the only sentient beings on the Earth. Plants are not simply passive things in vegetative state. According to the current research, plants are active individuals who communicate with each other, have their own system of self-defence and basically their own way of life. In accordance with this new scientific knowledge we should include plants into the application of the principle of equal consideration of interests that is if we do not want to be proponents of species superiority.
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