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Statistical Literacy of Students of Teaching Biology in the Czech Republic
Hybšová, Aneta ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (advisor) ; Švecová, Milada (referee) ; Molnár, Josef (referee)
Especially in connection with the results of the PISA research, the literacy in the natural science field has been lately becoming the topic of scientific discussion. It had become apparent that Czech students attain lower levels of procedural knowledge and face difficulties in evaluation and planning of natural scientific research, when compared to student of other countries. In order to be able to make use of the synergy effect between the natural science literacy and statistical literacy, it is crucial for the students themselves to be literate in statistics. The presented doctoral dissertation focuses on the importance and the matter of statistical literacy among natural science and biology students of pedagogy. The goal of this dissertation is to describe the current state of statistical literacy among students of pedagogy in natural science field. In view of the complexity of the given task; sectional goals have been proposed and executed. Firstly, the expected attainment level among the first year students of universities and colleges is analyzed, with the use of contextual analysis of documents from the Framework educational programs for primary and secondary schools. This analysis shows, what statistical knowledge are pedagogy students of natural science and biology expected to have, based on the...
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Elaboration of Learning Problem-Tasks from the Field of Chemistry
Vojíř, Karel ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Janoušková, Svatava (referee)
This thesis deals with the elaboration of learning problem-tasks related to the Standards for elementary education in the field of Chemistry. The author of this thesis worked on this topic within a project under National Institute for Education. The starting point for creating the tasks, illustrating and concretely expounding the Standards is the concept of science literacy. In this principle in chemistry instruction a broader context and a transfer to everyday life are applied. Learning tasks were created on the base of: science literacy and the results of Czech pupils in its testing, context of standards in Czech curricular system, elements of problem-based learning, types of learning tasks and cognitive parameters. During the elaboration of the tasks a pilot testing of selected learning tasks was realized. The results of the pilot testing were used in further designing more problem-tasks to cover one expected outcome in every topic of Chemistry within the elementary school curriculum. According to the methodology described in this thesis, a material named Methodical comments and tasks to the standards for primary education - Chemistry was created. This material contains a coherent set of learning problem-tasks illustrating two- thirds of the indicators from the standards for elementary education...
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Multicomponent learning tasks in chemistry
Trčková, Kateřina ; Solárová, Marie (advisor) ; Čtrnáctová, Hana (referee) ; Sirotek, Vladimír (referee)
The main goal of this dissertation was to create and verify own multicomponent tasks of interdisciplinary character based on analysis of types of tasks occured in international research. Newly created multicomponent learning tasks were classified by task type, solution form, cognitive demands and task variety. Tasks of the same form were ordered to pairs, their difficultness, vulnerability and rate of success were verified. Multicomponent learning tasks were assigned verbally or nonverbally (charts, tables or pictures). Closed jobs (ordering items, matching items, multiple choice questions, true/false questions) and open jobs (wide-answer items, short-answer items) were used in complex of tasks. Rate of success of individual tasks was processed by non-parmetric statistical Wilcoxon test based on form, gender and type of study. Research survey was complemented by pupils' self- reflection questionnaires and teachers'questionnaires about testing process. Key words Multicomponent learning task, taxonomy of learning task, scientific literacy, reading literacy, self-reflective questionnaire.
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Developing scientific literacy in pre-primary education through environmental themes
Štáhlová, Kateřina ; Janoušková, Svatava (advisor) ; Pumpr, Václav (referee)
1 Abstract Thesis Woods as an educational space? examines using quantitative methods the differences between children in ordinary kindergartens and forest kindergartens, and it does so according to formation of individual components of scientific literacy or knowledge of selected terms (concepts) in its empirical part. For this purpose it creates evaluation model of scientific literacy of preschool children (didactic test) based on the example of processing a particular topic - Forest. The topic is set into the concept of pedagogy, developmental psychology, and social ecology. The theoretical part discusses the issue of scientific literacy, especially in the context of preprimary age. From the perspective of developmental psychology are furthemore described cognitive developmental characteristics of preschool age in their basic level. This part also focuses on strategic documents of (permanent) sustainable development. The thesis gives a first interesting insight into the problem and reveals a serious facts such as that children from ordinary kindergartens confuse natural objects under artificial objects also are less oriented in inanimate components, than the children of the forest kindergartens. Keywords: Scientific Literacy, Pre-Primary Education, Sustainable Development, Forest Kindergarten, Framework...
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The position of the chemical experiment at the time of ICT - aluminum and its compounds
Sloup, Radovan ; Čipera, Jan (advisor) ; Havlíček, David (referee) ; Šmejkal, Petr (referee)
The main goal of the thesis is to describe a position of the real experiment in chemistry at the beginning of the 21 century and to contribute to solution of speculations if this didactic tool is or is not at current schools such a rarity as it's often described. The starting point of the thesis is extensive research of the literature related to history of natural science literacy which is condition not only for the right experiment interpretation but also of its suitable usage in the lessons. The theoretical part observes also the ensuring of the chemical experiment in the curricular documents and its position in the chemistry teaching in recent past. The experiment is a dynamic visualia therefore the visualias are classified in particular part of the thesis and their occurrence and function are described - in today's information society, chemistry textbooks, as a part of hypermedia programs for chemistry teaching and in lessons in general. The thesis focuses partly on hypermedia programs, especially then on materials for chemistry teaching that proved to be helpful in e-learning. Through the questionnaire inquiry at primary and secondary schools in Czech Republic were discovered not merely material also personal options of the schools and chemistry teachers in relation to the experiment...
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The position of the chemical experiment at the time of ICT - aluminum and its compounds
Sloup, Radovan
The main goal of the thesis is to describe a position of the real experiment in chemistry at the beginning of the 21st century and to contribute to solution of speculations if this didactic tool is or is not at current schools such a rarity as it's often described. The starting point of the thesis is extensive research of the literature related to history of natural science literacy which is condition not only for the right experiment interpretation but also of its suitable usage in the lessons. The theoretical part observes also the ensuring of the chemical experiment in the curricular documents and its position in the chemistry teaching in recent past. The experiment is a dynamic visualia therefore the visualias are classified in particular part of the thesis and their occurrence and function are described - in today's information society, chemistry textbooks, as a part of hypermedia programs for chemistry teaching and in lessons in general. The thesis focuses partly on hypermedia programs, especially then on materials for chemistry teaching that proved to be helpful in e-learning. Through the questionnaire inquiry at primary and secondary schools in Czech Republic were discovered not merely material also personal options of the schools and chemistry teachers in relation to the experiment...
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New possibilities of providing basic natural science education through experiments
Köhlerová, Veronika ; Beneš, Pavel (advisor) ; Liška, František (referee) ; Dvořáček, Jiří (referee)
TITLE: New possibilities of providing basic natural science education through experiments AUTHOR: Mgr. Veronika Köhlerová DEPARTMENT: Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Education SUPERVISOR: Prof. RNDr. Pavel Beneš, CSc. ABSTRACT: The thesis stems from the basic need to support and develop natural science education. Based on didactic, technical-economic and ergonomic requirements, a teaching tools kit has been created, which facilitates 100 natural science experiments. The kit includes a methodological manual; further methodological support is also provided on the webpage of the kit's manufacturer. To complement the kit, a concept of an optional teacher training course Natural Science Experiments for Preschools and Primary Schools has been created. The course will take place at the Pedagogical Faculty of Charles University in the school year 2013/2014. During the course of the thesis, didactic research methods were used to choose, process, test, organize, and optimise educational experiments. The pedagogical methods used included questionnaires and expert testimonials. The thesis provides a substantial response to the current educational needs in the field of natural science pre-literacy already at preschools and natural science literacy at primary schools. KEYWORDS: science experiment, natural science...
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Multicomponent learning tasks in chemistry
Trčková, Kateřina
The main goal of this dissertation was to create and verify own multicomponent tasks of interdisciplinary character based on analysis of types of tasks occured in international research. Newly created multicomponent learning tasks were classified by task type, solution form, cognitive demands and task variety. Tasks of the same form were ordered to pairs, their difficultness, vulnerability and rate of success were verified. Multicomponent learning tasks were assigned verbally or nonverbally (charts, tables or pictures). Closed jobs (ordering items, matching items, multiple choice questions, true/false questions) and open jobs (wide-answer items, short-answer items) were used in complex of tasks. Rate of success of individual tasks was processed by non-parmetric statistical Wilcoxon test based on form, gender and type of study. Research survey was complemented by pupils' self- reflection questionnaires and teachers'questionnaires about testing process. Key words Multicomponent learning task, taxonomy of learning task, scientific literacy, reading literacy, self-reflective questionnaire.
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Science skills of 15-years old students in the Czech Republic in the international survey PISA
Petrášek, Pavel ; Chvál, Martin (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
Title: Scientific Literacy of 15-years old pupils in the Czech Republic in the International Survey PISA Author: Pavel Petrášek Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: PhDr. Martin Chvál, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: My thesis focuses on the results of 15-year old pupils in selected tasks of the international survey PISA. It contains a brief introduction to the methodology of a survey and its realization in our conditions. The thesis presents relations between pupils` success and other variables found out in additional questionnaires, such as sex, parents` education, relation to mathematics or pupils` social and economical backgrounds. Besides the thesis contains the comparison of the importance of individual variables and results from the years 2000 and 2003. The thesis can be used as a theme for further research of mentioned relations and their comparison in a longer time horizon with other results. Electronic form of my thesis is on enclosed CD. Keywords: tests, international survey, scientific literacy
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World of Plants - development of scientific literacy in preschool education
KUČEROVÁ, Lenka
The bachelor´s thesis contains the proposals of activities for learning of natural science literacy with focusing on cognition of plants. The proposals of activities are compiled through a literature review so that they are suitable for the age homogeneous classes in kindergarten and they provide appropriate incentives for acquiring key competences with regard to skills, capabilities and personal needs of individuals. The goal of the bachelor´s thesis is using and verification of continuous, object and experiential learning in the nature. The pieces of knowledge obtained by observing the plants in nature intensify and extend by interesting methods of activities such as a creative elaboration or a dramatic interpretation of the subject in a classroom. The particular topic of teaching are complied and documented by worksheets or suggestions of creative activities, which are given in Annex.
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