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Political Trials in the 50's - Karel Vaš
Uher, Štěpán ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Political Trials in the 50's - Karel Vaš The main intention behind this master thesis was to provide a general overview over the historical phenomenon of political trails that took place in the era of early years of communist regime in Czechoslovakia and to put together a life story of the communist prosecutor and the judge Karel Vaš within this grim mosaic. The thesis encompasses the broader historical background and regional frame, the development of related legislation and the apparatus of the state and the communist party involved in political trials. There is also great concern in types and directions of judicial and other persecution, the theme of the rehabilitation of victims and the prosecution of persons involved in making these trials. The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter gives a brief description of the situation in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War. It covers the most important events that led to communists taking over the absolute power in the state and carrying out political trials in the 50's as means for the stabilization of the society. The second chapter is dedicated directly to political trials themselves. This chapter is divided into four subchapters. The first subchapter is about the context, the definition of the term and historical origin of the political...
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Underground as a political phenomenon
Denčevová, Ivana ; Junek, Marek (advisor) ; Horák, Vladimír Jaromír (referee)
Czech underground and underground movements in other states share some common characteristics. In communistic Czechoslovakia, underground became an exceptional and unique phenomenon in spite of its typical non-political character - it served as a base for the establishment of the Charta 77 opposition movement. It hereby became a political phenomenon and an integral part of political opposition life before November 1989. In my research I have focused on an approximately five-year period of this fundamental epoch of the Czech underground development. I have used evidences provided by contemporary witnesses, worked with archive materials and studied works available in this field.
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Comparison of political trials: Laszlo Rajk, Rudolf Slansky, and Władysław Gomułka
Wisniowski, Zuzana ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor dissertation is focused on selected political trials in Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland. The purpose of the dissertation is to provide complex view on the topic, structure and specifics of trials with László Rajko, Rudolf Slansky and Włladysław Gomułka. I will explore the context of the events based on comparison of the individual trials. I will also look for the differences which could have led to different development in Gomułka's trial. The goal is to find reasons, why Gomułka was not brought to justice and sentenced as other chosen representatives of communist parties were.
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Sunshine, the snow melts during the day, but freezes at night (The fifties in Kutna Hora)
Kamenář, Jan ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Nováková, Tamara (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the history of Kutná Hora in 1950's. It contains a description of the period between years 1948 - 1960. The period, during which the most important political and cultural changes but also the toughest repressions against the people took place all around the Czechoslovakia (majority of the changes and repressions was caused by the communist leadership). These years were the period of huge political purges and processes, violent collectivization and many other precautions which were only meant to provide the communists with all the power over the country. The main aim of this thesis is to introduce the situation in Kutná Hora during 1950's and to give the reader a complex overview of the local political and cultural background. All the institutions which determined everyday life in Kutná Hora are described in this thesis. The author focuses especially on the activity of The Local National Committee, courts and individual cultural institutions. The author used archive funds, historic press and specialized literature.
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Political trials in Czechoslovakia - The Case "Zpěvačka"
Doležalová, Ivana ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Lánský, Ondřej (referee)
This Master's thesis will look at the Political trials in Czechoslovakia - The case of "Zpěvačka", it will focus on one of the many politically motivated processes that took place in Czechoslovakia during the communist regime, i.e. 1948-1989. The focus of this paper is to analyse the key archival sources, which is now an investigation by the State Security in the case of "Zpěvačka", now stored in the Archive of Security Forces. The trial of the anti-state oriented group of people around Radana Melicharová who were accused of collaborating with foreign intelligence services took place in the spring of 1957. This shows that even the so-called foundation period of the communist regime, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia continued to implement political processes to control the opposition. This thesis brings the main characters of the process Radana Melicharová et al., describes their illegal activities and analyses the motives of each participants on illegal activities. And also discusses about the main trial itself at the Regional Court in Prague, subsequent appeal trials and the efforts to rehabilitate convicts. Contribution of the work lies in the fact that it complements many previously published scientific studies on the topic of the political process and less known and studied process with a...
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The trial of Milada Horáková in the context of contemporary publicity campaign
Srb, Petr ; Jančík, Drahomír (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
The work is an analysis of contemporary propaganda methods of the ruling power and their effects on the Czech and Slovak population. It is set in the wider context of the times. The focus is on resolutions and their analysis. Contemporary journalism is reflected and detailed comparison of the percentage of thematic articles on the pages of two selected journals is attempted . The work is mainly based on archival material referring to the trial of Milada Horakova , this material is located at the National Archives in Prague . The work si also based on journalism of that time and build on contemporary scholarly historical literature Key words: Milada Horáková, political processes, resolution
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Alfréd Radok and His Stage Practices. Analysis of the Production of Devil's Circle
Petružela, Jan ; Christov, Petr (advisor) ; Stehlíková, Eva (referee) ; Šormová, Eva (referee)
2 Mgr. Jan Petružela Alfréd Radok and His Stage Practices Analysis of the Production of Devil's Circle Abstract Alfréd Radok (1914- 1976) started his second term at the National Theatre (1954-1960) with two moderate productions, in which he, due to the Stalinist régime, suppressed his creative power. However, the following season Radok came with the production of Devil's Circle (1953), schematic play by Hedda Zinner about the Leipzig trial (1933), in which he found his essential topic - to grasp the Zeitgeist and manifest a universal mechanism of totalitarian power and trumped-up political trials. In this production, staged in the period of mild political "thaw", Radok managed to bring back to the Czech theatre modern stage directing practices and re-established the position of stage director, which was reduced in the previous years by the dogmatic aesthetics of socialistic realism. The production of Devil's Circle (prem. December 21, 1955) at the Estates (then Tyl's) Theatre, warmly received by audience as well as critics, renewed and developed for that time unprecedented, though historically verified principles: imaginative, non-descriptive theatre with a meaningful overlap, strict approach to acting with an emphasis on realistic, civil-like expression, interpretation of dramatic sitution, intense work...
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Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948
Sládková, Daniela ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Fojtek, Vít (referee)
The bachelor paper "Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948" describes persecution of soldiers in the above mentioned era in connection with class-struggle, searching for the state enemy and building so called "Great Army". The thesis describes main means of persecution, their executors and tools and also tries to find out whether the fates of individual soldiers were similar and how they fit in the typology of persecuted groups. The thesis also introduces stories of two soldiers who became victims of this political despotism.
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Stalinist Period in Czechoslovakia - Its Interpretation and Teaching in Secondary Education
Hána, Petr ; Jirásková, Věra (referee) ; Havlůjová, Hana (referee)
1950s may be classified as one of the worst periods in Czechoslovakia's history. The totalitarian communist regime in the period between 1948 and 1953 is called the Stalinism. The primary objective hereof was to evaluate teaching about the Stalinism period in Czechoslovakia in secondary schools, in particular, to assess the scope of correctness and completeness of the related curriculum and teaching methods. The secondary objective hereof was to introduce and describe the Stalinism as a typical example of totalitarianism and to define crucial elements of this non-democratic form of government using the example of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953. The thesis proceeds from the theoretical part via a case study to the practical part. The first part classifies totalitarianism, defines its historical outset and determines its main features. The second chapter describes and explains the Stalinism, which is a typical example of totalitarianism having functioned in practice in the Soviet Union from where it spread to the majority of the Communist countries, including Czechoslovakia. The third chapter explains the practical application of the Stalinism elements and methods used to control a society according to the Soviet model using the example of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953. The practical part hereof focuses...
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