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Social work with adolescents addicted to psychoactive substances
Malíková, Kristýna ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Nová, Monika (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to draw attention to the serious problem of drug addiction among adolescents who are abusing addictive substances or marijuana. This increasingly important issue is discussed a lot, but very often neglected by the society. This thesis provides definitions and characteristics of individual drugs and their effects on adolescents. The need for prevention and treatment of adolescent clients is emphasized, alongside with the family support, which is often crucial. In the practical part, the author of the thesis focuses on organizations that are critically important in this field. These organizations focus on prevention, counseling services, social inclusion and treatment facilities (inpatient and outpatient services), etc. Their characteristics and methods of client treatment are described. Furthermore, in this work the author presents a survey that confirms the findings of some detailed quantitative research papers. The main findings are that drug abuse is a major problem of this century and also a burden on society, especially on the adolescents themselves. The solution is very complicated and time consuming, but everyone can contribute by not being indifferent to this problem.
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Tobacco Dependence Treatment and Depressive Disorder. Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Depression History
Štěpánková, Lenka ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Šteflová, Alena (referee) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
Success rate of tobacco dependence treatment among patients with and without a history of depression Introduction: Higher prevalence of smoking among depressive patients, as well as higher risk of depression in smokers, are well documented. Views on treatment of tobacco dependence in this subgroup of smokers are controversial. Aim: A/ To compare the abstinence rate among smokers with or without a history of depression receiving treatment for nicotine dependence at one year follow up. B/ Factors associated with treatment success were evaluated and analysed. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1 730 smokers treated at our Centre for Tobacco-Dependent (CTD) between 2005 and 2010 was conducted. Patients were treated with a combination of psychobehavioural interventions and pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, bupropion or combinations). At one year follow-up smoking abstinence was biochemically validated by measuring expired CO. Results: 16.7 % (289/1730) of smokers currently, or had formerly, received treatment for depression. Based on the average Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND), most patients with a history of depression were heavily nicotine dependent with a score of 6.1, compared to 5.6 (p=0.010) among those without a history of depression. The CO validated success rate...
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Survey of the patterns of waterpipe use among Prague university students
Vachutová, Klára ; Vanek, Marián (advisor) ; Lukavská, Kateřina (referee)
Background: Even though a waterpipe has its origin and tradition in Asian and African states, more than 30 years ago this trend started spreading in our country and gained considerable popularity mostly among youth. The patterns of use of waterpipe among young people are still not getting enough attention though. In the Czech Republic as well as lots of other states there is lack of functional waterpipe-specific policy, regulation and preventive and therapeutic interventions. The health risks of waterpipe use are comparable to other burning tobacco products but public sees it as less harmful due to myths such as the toxins in smoke are filtrated in water. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to investigate patterns of use of waterpipe among Prague university students per online survey with a focus on the first use, current frequency of usage and parallel usage of other tobacco and nicotine products, motivation to abstinence, characteristics of waterpipe session and knowledge of risks. Then compare the results with another studies. Methods: The survey was conducted via online questionnaire spread from February to May 2021 in Facebook university student's groups. The data were then processed and evaluated in Microsoft Excel and Jamovi. Results: More than 70 % of participants are former or current waterpipe users,...
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Assessment of the efficacy of an eHealth intervention including lapse management program in population of Czech tobacco smokers.
Kulhánek, Adam ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Ochaba, Robert (referee) ; Riegel, Karel Dobroslav (referee)
Background: Tobacco use is one of the key problems that public health has to face. Tobacco smoking is among the main causes of morbidity and preventable mortality that can be effectively avoided. The eHealth approach uses information and communication technologies to improve the quality of health and healthcare. EHealth interventions delivered through technologies and the Internet are an effective therapeutic tool which contributes to behaviour change, including smoking cessation. This paper presents the results of continuous research on fully automated online eHealth intervention for smoking cessation. Aims: The main objective of this study was to identify the effect of the form of reminders (SMS vs. email) in eHealth smoking cessation intervention using the Endre eHealth program in the population of Czech tobacco smokers. Materials and methods: This research consists of two studies. First, a pilot study on user- acceptance of eHealth intervention was performed in a sample involving 30 respondents. This was followed by a randomized two-arm controlled study comparing the effect of a predictor in the form of eHealth intervention reminders for smoking cessation. Adult tobacco smokers were recruited based on advertising through a variety of online channels. 158 respondents were randomised for the...
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Experience of students of the faculty of education with the use of oral forms of tobacco and nicotine: an online survey
Váchová, Alena ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Rolová, Gabriela (referee)
Introduction: To reduce risks, tobacco manufacturers have started to diversify their products. Nicotine can now be obtained from smokeless tobacco products, including oral tobacco and nicotine e.g in pre-filled sachets (snus, nicotine sachets). Students of Faculty of Education belong to a group of young people who can be approached by these products, and at the same time, as future teachers, they should be informed about these products. Objectives: The aim of the work was to find out the experience of students of the Faculty of Education, Charles University with the use of oral forms of tobacco and nicotine. Methods: Quantitative research was used to obtain the data. The research has been done using an anonymous online questionnaire survey in the Survio.com platform. Students were approached by e-mail, which is used by all students of a particular and a student Facebook account. The data obtained was processed in Excel. The questionnaire was divided into four parts. The first part of the questionnaire collected basic information on respondents (age, field of study, year), the second part questionnaire examined the experience of the prevalence of tobacco and nicotine use, the third part examined the experience of nicotine pouches and the last part examined the experience with oral tobacco use....
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An Analysis of the National Tabacco Quitline Czech Republic Clients Experience Using Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Kršková, Lucie ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Volfová, Anna (referee)
Background: The use of nicotine-containing tobacco is among the substances with the highest dependence potential. The negative impact and consequences of cigarette use are discussed not only among experts. In contrast, nicotine replacement therapy and user experience are unspecified. Aims: The primary goal of the research was to map the experience of clients of the National Tobacco Quitline Czech Republic with the use of nicotine replacement therapy in the treatment of tobacco addiction. The categories examined include: dosage of replacement nicotine, preferred forms of replacement nicotine, reported adverse effects, and route of administration of replacement nicotine. The study was carried out in order to refine the dosage of nicotine replacement therapy, increase the compliance of nicotine replacement users and increase the quality of services provided by the National Tobacco Quitline Czech Republic. Methods: The study was carried out with the help of a qualitative research methodology. Respondents were selected using the method of intentional selection according to defined properties. Data was created using a structured interview with open-ended questions and semi-structured interviews. The research data were processed using the open coding method and the method of capturing formulas was used...
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Marketing communication of nicotine products in Czech environment
Gočíková, Natálie ; Hejlová, Denisa (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
C1 - Internal use Abstract The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive insight of the impact of nicotine products on the Czech market. The theoretical part characterizes tobacco, nicotine and their effects on the human body, the history of tobacco use and its development. It presents a basic overview of current knowledge about nicotine addiction, motivation to use it and briefly introduces the basic preventive measures and state legislation concerning the operation of tobacco and nicotine companies on our market. Furthermore, specific examples of tobacco products from history and examples of anti-smoking campaigns from the Czech Republic and around the world are introduced. The last chapter of the theoretical part describes the influence of this communication on children and adolescents. The practical part is focused on the current advertising communication of selected brands and specifies nicotine products in more detail. This part of the work aims to map the current communication of HTP brands IQOS, gloand and e-cigarettes in the Czech Republic. For this purpose, the communication of brands on social networks, in past campaigns, published publications and on the website where the companies operate is described. At the end of this work is summarized how nicotine products currently operate on the...
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Use of tobacco products by UK FTVS students
Pekárková, Hana ; Majorová, Simona (advisor) ; Prokešová, Eva (referee)
Title of Bachelor's thesis : "Use of tobacco products by UK FTVS students". Goal: The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to find out how many percent of UK FTVS students use tobacco products. The sub-task was to examine which of the tobacco products students used the most, why they started smoking and whether they had already tried or wanted to quit smoking or using other tobacco products. Whether smokers and occasional smokers were aware of the risks associated with the use of tobacco products. Methods: The survey was conducted in the form of a poll that only UK FTVS students could participate in. The poll was anonymous and was published on a Facebook page attended by students of the aforementioned faculty. Results: The results were processed using graphs. A combined total of 213 students completed the questionnaire and of those 70% are non-smokers, 20.2% intermittent smokers and 9.9% smokers. The most commonly used tobacco product among UK FTVS students is a classic cigarette, followed by nicotine bags. Key words: harmful substances in cigarettes, tobacco history, nicotine
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Assessment of the efficacy of an eHealth intervention including lapse management program in population of Czech tobacco smokers.
Kulhánek, Adam ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Ochaba, Robert (referee) ; Riegel, Karel Dobroslav (referee)
Background: Tobacco use is one of the key problems that public health has to face. Tobacco smoking is among the main causes of morbidity and preventable mortality that can be effectively avoided. The eHealth approach uses information and communication technologies to improve the quality of health and healthcare. EHealth interventions delivered through technologies and the Internet are an effective therapeutic tool which contributes to behaviour change, including smoking cessation. This paper presents the results of continuous research on fully automated online eHealth intervention for smoking cessation. Aims: The main objective of this study was to identify the effect of the form of reminders (SMS vs. email) in eHealth smoking cessation intervention using the Endre eHealth program in the population of Czech tobacco smokers. Materials and methods: This research consists of two studies. First, a pilot study on user- acceptance of eHealth intervention was performed in a sample involving 30 respondents. This was followed by a randomized two-arm controlled study comparing the effect of a predictor in the form of eHealth intervention reminders for smoking cessation. Adult tobacco smokers were recruited based on advertising through a variety of online channels. 158 respondents were randomised for the...
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