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Should I Stay or Should I Go? - The Attractiveness/Unattractiveness of Portugal & Spain for Asylum Seekers
Branco Coelho, Cláudia Sofia ; Gebhardt, Dirk (advisor) ; Czerska-Shaw, Karolina (referee)
Drawing on the research object of migration, mostly focused on the inclusion of asylum seekers in the European Union (EU hereinafter), this Master thesis aims at measuring the attractiveness/unattractiveness of EU countries on welcoming asylum seekers in. The method used, is then, the comparison of Portugal and Spain, two similar countries, but with quite different outcomes. Furthermore, this work suggests that external factors are on the scope of forced migration, so issues as choice on the destination country, migrant networks, previous knowledge and the integration policies make a country attractive or not. The final results bring to light the interesting findings that asylum seekers coming legally to Portugal would rather live illegal anywhere else. Moreover, even though Spain appears as a relatively more "successful" country on attracting asylum applications, it also shares the same push factors as Portugal.
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Comparison of Swiss and Austrian Asylum and Immigration Policy
Hlaváčová, Nicole ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Martinková, Viera (referee)
This study is focusing on the comparison of the asylum and immigration policy of Austria and Switzerland. The time frame chosen for this study are the first two decades of the new millennium. The study captures the breaking point in asylum and immigration policy which the European migration crisis had been in between the years 2015 and 2016. The securitization theory and the concept of national identity are used in explaining the shifts in adopted policies. The study grasps the process of securitization taking place thorough the chosen time frame with concentrating on what impact national identity had have in constructing security threads. The paper concludes that securitization of migration had indeed taken place in the chosen time frame. However, the specifics of each countries national identity have had very little impact on adoption of new legislation.
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The rise of radical right populism in the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary as a result of the fear of the inflow of migrants in time of migration crisis
Ciglerová, Lucie ; Mejstřík, Martin (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the topical theme of the rise of radical right populism in the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary. These populists take advantage of different mobilisation themes to gain or strengthen their power. The thesis focuses on taking advantage of the migration crisis and the fear of the refugees by radical right populist parties in the time of the migration crisis. The aim of this thesis is to find out if the taking advantage of this theme has led to the strengthening of radical right populist parties in parlamentary elections in the time of the migration crisis in the observed countries and if decisions of voters corresponded with the burdening the followed countries with migration. The first chapter deals with the definition of populism and radical right populism. The second chapter analyses radical right populist parties in the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary which existed before the migration crisis and which had been taking advantage of the people's fear of migrants. The third chapter is the analysis of election results in parlamentary elections of radical right populist parties before migration crisis and at time of migration crisis. The theme of migration and fear of migrants was used in the time of migration crisis by all radical right populist parties in...
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European migration crisis in Czech and Austrian media
Lohynský, Jan ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The role of the media within the European migration crisis is the main topic of this work. In the theoretical part I explain the concepts and theories, as well as describe the media systems of the Czech Republic and Austria as countries of interest of the further research. The 'State-of-the-art' section then also presents the research into the coverage of the European migration crisis conducted so far. Some of the studies provide not only interesting findings but also inspiration for my own research part. In the practical part I describe the employed methodology which is formed by a quantitative content analysis. Selected daily newspapers in the Czech Republic and Austria were selected for the research. 502 articles in total were coded to provide data for the findings. The findings provide answers to 7 research questions based on the prevalence of the articles within the selected media, themes of the articles, actors present in the coverage, terms used to describe those trying to enter the EU, employed frames, offered explanations and suggested solutions. The findings show both similarities but also differences between the two countries of interest. The findings can only be generalized to a certain extent as the research has its limitations. However, it can be stated that the work dives deep enough...
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Irregular Migration in the Mediterranean Sea: The Role of Europol and European Migrant Smuggling Centre
Kozáková, Marie ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the role of Europol and the EMSC in solving the migration crisis in the Mediterranean. As a result of the rising number of migrants arriving to Europe, crime rate has increased, mainly smuggling of illegal migrants, which required swift and effective actions by European institutions and agencies. This study uses the theory of new institutionalism which reflects the interest in the study of institutions that have a significant impact on formation of attitudes and behavior of institutional stakeholders. The aim is to analyze the process of institutionalization among the European stakeholders in response to the migration crisis from 2015 till 2019. The process of institutionalization includes political debates by EU officials and documents issued by the European Commission that have contributed to the reorganization within Europol and emergence of new platforms. By analyzing these individual steps, the thesis aims to present the role of individual institutional elements in dealing with criminal activities related to illegal migration and how these elements ensure security within the European area.
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The Impact of the Migration Crisis on Germany 2013-2016
Sobotka, Jiří ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the impact of the migration wave (which happened between the years 2013 and 2016) on the Federal Republic of Germany. In the first chapter, the basic concepts related to migration will be explained, then the particular migration theories will be briefly introduced. The second chapter will deal with the rise of the migration; the chapter also lists the reasons for the arrival of migrants to the Federal Republic of Germany. The next part is devoted to the newly formed party Alternative for Germany, which used the anti-immigration approach to enter the provincial councils and then in 2017 completed its establishment in the political sphere by joining the Bundestag. The PEGIDA movement will also be briefly mentioned in this thesis. The last part will deal with the expenditures of Germany, which had to be spent between the years 2013 and 2016; the attention will be paid especially to social benefits for migrants, expenditures for accommodation of newly arrived migrants and the impact of the migration crisis on the budget of the Federal Republic of Germany. Keywords economic impact on Germany, migration, migration crisis, political impact of migration crisis on bundeslands, rise of political parties, AFD
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European migration crisis and its implications for the security of the Czech Republic
Maňák, Jiří ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the topic of the European migration crisis in the period of 2013- 2018. The main goal is to determine, to what degree does the securitisation discourse in Germany meets the objective reality. The central part of the thesis is represented by the analysis of data about crime in German states. It is focused just on the data regarding the violent crime, that is because of the higher clearance rate a more significant impact of these crimes on the general mood in the society. The data are separated according to the borders of former eastern and western Germany. The result is a comparison of ongoing trends concerning the overall amount of crimes commited and the share of foreigners among the suspects. In the second part, the thesis focuses on comparing the data from the previous part with the development in the Germanys political landscape. Most notably in the case of developments of AfD, as this party is often referred to as an anti-system party. Again, the focus is on the regional differences between the former eastern and western Germany. In the last chapter, the thesis is trying to use the experience learned from eastern Germany and apply them to the Czech Republic. Eastern Germany was chosen for its relative similarities to Czechia given its history in the eastern bloc, similar...
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Role of the European Council in the pre-legislative stage of the EU legislative process
Hendrych, Lukáš ; Knutelská, Viera (advisor) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
The aim of the master thesis "The role of the European Council in the pre-legislative phase of the European legislative process" is to analyse position and influence of the European Council before proposing an official legislative proposal by the European Commission in the EU's legislative process. This pre-legislative phase of a designing of a European legislation is important, though informal. The aim of this master thesis it to find out how strong is the European Council in an agenda setting when it comes to a European legislation and to what extent the Commission is inspired or follows the European Council's conclusions when proposing a legislation. According to many authors who this thesis referring to and their research that this thesis follows, an importance and influence of the European Council has been growing a lot, recently. In their view, it has been happening primarily during serious political or economic crisis. The Commission's position as the only official proposer of a European legislation weakens in that moments while influence of the EU summits grows. The question is if it is true and how much we can really argue that during European crisis the EU's executive power is so weakened that it does not - without ex ante "permission" and ex ante "consultation" with the summits - allow...
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Normality of the exception? Crisis Governance in reforming the Asylum and Migration Policy of the European Union
Kaleta, Ondřej ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Braun, Mats Rickard (referee) ; Lupták, Ľubomír (referee)
This doctoral thesis examines the issue of crisis governance of the European Union in the context of migration developments after 2015. The author investigates how relevant EU institutions (European Commission, Council of the EU, and European Council) construct exceptionality within the common asylum and migration policy and what might be its impacts on the functionality of this policy. Theoretically, the research is based on the concept of "state of exception" originally introduced in the works of Carl Schmitt and Giorgio Agamben. The main objective of the thesis is to analyze and interpret the extraordinary migration measures from 2015 to 2018, which were proposed and implemented by the EU political actors to address the migration situation. The institutional level is further broadened and contextualized by including three EU Member State governments - Hungary, Austria, and Germany - and their involvement in the interactive shaping of emergency policies. The author studies how the exception is constructed in the EU official discourse, the relationship between exception and normality, and the exercise of power to create a state of exception at supranational/intergovernmental level of the EU as an international organization. The thesis approaches the topic using critical discourse analysis. It...
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