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The spatial analysis of the 2018 Czech presidential election results in the capital city of Prague
Vratný, Radek ; Lepič, Martin (advisor) ; Šimon, Martin (referee)
The 2018 Czech presidential election were profoundly controversial and polarising event. One of the polarising factors was a perception that the voting behaviour in the capital city of Prague is significantly different compared to the voting behaviour in the rest of Czechia. Therefore, the primary objective of this thesis is to examine the electoral support of both runoff voting candidates across the territory of the capital city of Prague. The main part of the analysis focuses on the spatial differentiation of the election results of both candidates at the level of Prague's polling districts and on searching for the spatial clusters of electoral support. For the purpose of the study the methods of the exploratory spatial data analysis were used, specifically the global and local statistics of spatial autocorrelation. Subsequently, the thesis attempts to clarify which factors determined the voting behaviour through testing the socio-economic and demographic indicators using the method of multinomial linear regression. The analysis proved that the spatial differentiation of the election results of both candidates is significant across the territory of Prague and detected the spatial clusters of electoral support. The analysis also clarified that this voting behaviour can be explained particularly by...
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Analýza a vizualizace prostorových dat intravilánu
Muroň, Mikuláš
This thesis deals with the analysis and visualisation of the urban spatial data. The subject of the thesis is realized through an evaluation of various localities around the city of Brno from several perspectives (i.e. environmental conditions, transportation, etc.). The acquired data describe the conditions within the city and herein form the basis for the evaluations of individual building objects. These evaluations are subsequently presented through the web application available at www.brno.ml. By contrast to other works and publications related to the described subject, indices are not herein calculated in the fixed but in the dynamic manner based on the preferences of users. The application can well be used by city residents to support their decision making when choosing new housing location or by various city institutions to identify problematic localities.
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Vyhodnocení změny struktury a prostorových vztahů dřevinného patra po revitalizaci rašeliniště na lokalitě Malá louka
Keller, Lukáš
This thesis is aimed on research of spatial distribution of trees on peatland Malá louka and their dependance on spatial covariates of distance from water reservoirs and terrain elevation. It also approximates volume of tree biomass that were produced spontaneously over approximately 60 years till its thining in 2014s revitalization and therefore it tries to reconstruct the state of stand before that revitalization. For spatial analysation a spatstat R library was used. Data were collected with Fieldmap and results are, that birch and alder can be found closer to water reservoirs while beech stay further away and spruce can be found in every distance. From result we van conclude, that revitalization in 2014 was primarily aimed to cut down birch.
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Software for efficient use of material in 2D machining
Švanda, Ondřej ; Šeda, Miloš (referee) ; Lang, Stanislav (advisor)
Tato práce si klade za cíl obeznámit čtenáře s 2D CNC obráběním a rozličnými metodami popisu a manipulace s dvojrozměrnými objekty. Poté je představen tzv. Nesting problém a jsou popsány různé metody přístupu k jeho vyřešení. Praktická část pokrývá implementaci vlastního nesting softwaru, jenž je schopný efektivně rozmístit nepravidelné tvary do nepravidelné ohraničené plochy. Na závěr je provedeno zhodnocení řečeného softwaru a také je zmíněno jeho možné využití v praxi.
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Spatial Analysis of the Motherhood Wage Gap in the Czech Republic
Vlčková, Radka ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Using the Czech household microdata, I analyze the regional variations of the motherhood wage gap in the Czech Republic. By this spatial analysis, I aim to detect discrepancies between metropolitan areas and rural localities. Such a study has not yet been carried out in the Czech Republic. Accounting for individual characteristics and working history of employed women, I ob- serve both positive and negative wage gaps but only in several regions. Such findings can be explained by cultural differences, individual self-selection into higher paid jobs or by employers' approach to mothers. For the remaining regions, there is not enough evidence of the motherhood wage gap presence. The hypothesis that in socially excluded localities the wage gap is largest is rejected. Additional examination of the formal childcare provision shows that increase of the kindergartens' occupancy rate significantly decreases salaries of both mothers and childless women. This result is consistent with the previous Czech research. Keywords Motherhood wage gap, Spatial analysis, Czech Republic, Kindergarten JEL classifications D63, J13, R23 1
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Spatial statistics of point data: possibilities on example of crime research
Havej, Petr ; Netrdová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Jíchová, Jana (referee)
Localized point data are literally everywhere in the world around us. Whether it is about the location of different objects or a place where an incident happened, such as crime, or a place where a more rare disease occurred. One of the researcher's important goals is to analyze their spatial distribution. There is a number of methods to achieve such a goal, which have begun to develop in particular along the development of the field of computing and information technology. The aim of this work is to find out what are the current methods of approach to spatial analysis of point data. To test and apply the spatial analysis methods studied on actual data for crime and evaluate their benefits and results. Problems that may arise in applying methods and actual research using such methods will be discussed. Keywords: spatial analysis, point data, crime research
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Analysis of Unemployment in Russia: Spatial Analysis on Russian Regions
Provazník, Jan ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bezhanishvili, Levan (referee)
This thesis analyses the regional labor markets of Russian Federation in terms of unemployment and Okun's law. Using Hodrick-Prescott filter, the potential GRP and natural rate of unemployment are calculated in order to be used for the estimation of Okun's law coefficient (OLC). The analysis reveals variation in OLC between regions as well as significant spatial correlation thereof (measured by Moran's I). For the examination of Okun's convergence, a new method is developed which consists in estimating a time trend in R-squared obtained by estimating Okun's law cross-sectionally, separately for each year. The results indicate that there is no regional Okun's convergence in Russia.
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Population Characteristics of Voters: Evidence from the Czech Parliamentary Election
Černý, Jakub ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Želinský, Tomáš (referee)
In 2017, nine political parties were elected into the Czech Parliament, which is the greatest number in the history of the country. This thesis analyses the voter turnout and results of particular parties, using aggregated data on the municipal level. The goal is to find a spectrum of variables that would un- cover connections between the population characteristics of voters and their decisions to vote and to choose a political party. The method of weighted least squares is used for estimation and the results are tested for the presence of spa- tial autocorrelation. Subsequently, a spatial error model is used for the same analysis in order to observe spatial effects in the voting results and provide a comparison between the methods. There is found a significant negative con- nection between the voter turnout and the share of people facing distraints, unemployment, and the share of people with no education. Concerning the election results, the parties ANO, SPD, and KSCM receive greater support in municipalities with greater unemployment and lower shares of businessmen and people with university education. On the other hand, the parties ODS, Pirati, and TOP 09 evince exactly the opposite trends in these explanatory variables. JEL Classification H70, I21, I30, J10, J11 Keywords voting behaviour, voter...
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The effect of migration on electoral geography of populist-nationalist parties: the case of Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura party
Suchánek, Jonáš ; Hasman, Jiří (advisor) ; Maškarinec, Pavel (referee)
Analytical research of a migrant's presence in a certain location on election outcomes of populist-nationalist parties is a relatively new phenomena in the field of electoral geography. Media and political interest in migration and refugees has risen rapidly in the last few years and offers a broad opportunity for relevant scientific studies. This thesis stems from existing literature, that have studied such relation and focuses on the case of The Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura Party (SPD) and on the possible influence of the share of migrants on SPD's electoral support at two different scale levels (municipalities with authorized municipal offices and individual municipalities) during the 2017 parliamentary elections. Analysing the most important groups of migrants and additionally a formed group of migrants coming from countries with either dominant or significant Muslim native population can be considered as innovative. The main goal is to discover whether the election outcomes of SPD, which stands strongly opposed to migration, differ based on the share of migrants in a certain area, or if migration does not play any role at all. Furthermore, the electoral geography of SPD is compared to the of Tomio Okamura's former party - Dawn of Direct Democracy, whose rhetoric did not focus...
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Spatial analysis for optimization of student assignments in cartography
Fenclová, Karolína ; Lysák, Jakub (advisor) ; Burian, Jaroslav (referee)
Spatial analysis for optimization of student assignments in cartography Abstract The aim of the diploma thesis is to perform a multi-criteria analysis of large spatial data, which will result in the identification of a predetermined number of the variants of the territory, which are optimal for creating the student assignments. The main part of the thesis is to design and to calculate the spatial evaluation criteria. In the theoretical part, a theory of multi-criteria analysis and examples of its use in general in geoinformatics and assessment of landscape potential are presented. The practical part is devoted to the design of own methodology for assessment of the territory from the point of view of suitability for processing of student tasks, including its application over the territory of the Czechia in order to obtain information about the territory. Multi-criteria analysis was divided into two steps: pre-selection of the territory based on Boolean evaluation and subsequent sorting of the variants from the most suitable to the least appropriate using the TOPSIS method. The scales of the individual criteria were determined by the scoring method. The main result of the thesis is a new set of the variants of the territory, which are comparable with their processing demands. Keywords Spatial analysis,...
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