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The Geography of the populist vote in Slovakia
Dusková, Natália ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Gregor, Martin (referee)
The success of populist political parties depends on a complex system of fac- tors that influence the voters. Researchers connect the phenomenon to several socio-demographic characteristics such as age, income, or education. It is in- sufficient to only study individuals and predict their decisions based on the metrics we know about them and the place they live in. It is also beneficial to examine the regions' influence on each other. This is why we turn not only to OLS, but also to multiple spatial models with various demographic and eco- nomic variables at the county and municipality levels to explain support for populist parties in Slovakia. Data from the two most recent parliamentary elections, in years 2016 and 2020, are analyzed and we zoom on local election results of two Slovak populist parties: SMER and ĽSNS. Analysis results point towards existence of significant spillover effects among Slovak regions - directly in support for both parties, as well as coming from observed and unobserved vote share determinants. Keywords populism, populist political parties, spatial anal- ysis, spatial models, vote share, Slovakia Title The geography of the populist vote in Slovakia Author's e-mail nataliaduskova@hotmail.com Supervisor's e-mail barbara.pertold-gebicka@fsv.cuni.cz
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Estimating the Effect of Teaching Assistant Support on Educational Outcomes
Komárek, Jakub ; Korbel, Václav (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies MASTER'S THESIS Estimating the Effect of Teaching Assistant Support on Pupils' Educational Outcomes Author: Jakub Komárek BSc. Study program: Economics and Finance Supervisor: PhDr. Václav Korbel Ph.D. Academic Year: 2022/2023 ii Declaration of Authorship The author hereby declares that he compiled this thesis independently; using only the listed resources and literature, and the thesis has not been used to obtain a different or the same degree. The author grants to Charles University permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Prague, 1st March 2023 Jakub Komárek BSc. ii iii Acknowledgments The author is grateful especially to prof. PhDr. Tomáš Havránek Ph.D., PhDr. Jiří Schwarz Ph.D., and especially to a supervisor PhDr. Václav Korbel Ph.D. for their advice, support, and, most of all, patience. This endeavour would not be possible unless the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic kindly provided necessary data in the form of school reports. iii iv Abstract The thesis provides an analytical-quantitative approach towards estimation of the effect of teaching assistant support on educational outcomes. We used nation-wide data of the Czech school system and three...
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Role of children in intrahousehold income inequality in the Czech Republic
Horváth, Ondrej ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
Role of children in intrahousehold income inequality in the Czech Republic Abstract Intrahousehold income inequality is caused by a number of factors, one of which is the presence of children. Relying on SILC data for the Czech Republic, this thesis investigates how the share of household labor income that is earned by a woman is connected to the number and age of children. Besides that, the goal of the thesis is to assess the possible role of COVID-19, which is done by comparing the years 2019 and 2021. The results of the multivariate regression analysis reveal that the presence of children in a household is associated with a significant decrease in the woman's share of household income. This association is particularly strong in the case of children younger than 4 years, which is probably related to the specific institutional setting in the Czech Republic. The results also do not indicate notable differences between the years 2019 and 2021.
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Second-hand Board Game Price Analysis
Novotný, Lukáš ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
This thesis investigates the determinants of price and value retention of pre- owned board games in the United States market. It is most likely the first thesis applying the hedonic pricing method to the board game industry. Two depen- dent variables, price and the portion of the original manufacturer's suggested retail price that remains, were modelled using various game characteristics. The analysis is performed on data obtained primarily from BoardGameGeek. Applying multiple linear regression and Ordinary Least Squares method on the cross-sectional sample of over 2000 observations, several factors were estimated to be significant. Condition, rating, age, complexity, duration and weight of the box turned out to be the most crucial board game value drivers. Moreover, in the case of regression on residual price share, the most significant predictors appeared to be condition, age and rating. Keywords second-hand market, board game, hedonic pric- ing model, OLS regression Title Second-hand Board Game Price Analysis
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Immigration and Labour Productivity
Mikušek, Vít ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the phenomenon of immigration and its impact on the productivity of labour in the European Union. Using panel VAR models with generalized impulse responses and local projections as robustness checks on a data set covering the period between 2000- 2021, we find that immigration has a significant negative impact on labour productivity in the EU as a whole, while the eect on a selection of 8 core countries turns slightly positive in the short term. This suggests that the eect is heterogeneous and country- or region-dependent, while the migrant structure also seems to play a significant role as we identify dierences between the eects of EU and non-EU nationals. JEL Classification E24, F22, F66, J15, J24 Keywords immigration, productivity, labour, growth Title Immigration and Labour Productivity Author Vít Mikušek
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Gender gap in math score: does teacher gender matter?
Scharf, Šimon ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Gregor, Martin (referee)
Even though quality and equal opportunities are regarded as generally desir- able in education, major differences in the study outcomes of girls and boys still exist. In this thesis, we try to assess the effect of a teacher's gender on the educational outcomes of pupils. Specifically, we use TIMSS data from 36 coun- tries to evaluate this effect on 4th grade students. To our knowledge, we are the first to utilize the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach to overcome the selection bias in this context. The results of the pooled analysis suggest that there is no significant effect of teachers' gender on girls but we observe a negative effect for boys. When considering each country separately, only in 4 countries do we find a significant effect of teacher's gender on students' test scores for boys. Of the 4 countries, only boys in Montenegro prosper with a same-sex teacher, while in 3 countries boys' achievement is hampered by a same-sex teacher. For girls, we find a robust positive effect in 4 countries and a negative effect in 3 countries. For both boys and girls, we find no significant robust effect of having a same-sex teacher in the majority of countries. Our findings contribute to the literature on the effects of teachers' gender, as well as, to the broader discussion of differences in the...
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Socioeconomic determinants of the availability of kindergartens in the Czech Republic
Meteláková, Zuzana ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis aims to identify socioeconomic determinants of the availability of places in kindergartens in the Czech Republic which is for the purpose of this thesis expressed as the percentage of rejected kindergarten applications. Additionally, district-level characteristics related to the perceived shortage of places in kindergartens for children from distinct age groups, which indicates whether a child has a legal right to attend a kindergarten and whether pre-primary education is compulsory for them, are inspected. A balanced panel dataset of 76 Czech districts and the Capital City of Prague for the school years 2017/2018, 2018/2019, and 2019/2020 is analysed utilizing panel data estimation methods. The results suggest that an increase in the male unemployment rate and the growth of the average monthly wage correspond to the deterioration of the availability of places in kindergartens. The results are similar for children aged three to four years. On the contrary, the results are substantially different for children from other age groups and imply that an increase in the percentage of the urban population is associated with a lower percentage of rejected kindergarten applications. The population density, the net migration, the percentage of foreigners in the population, the share of young...
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Immigration and Wages: A Meta-Analysis
Nepivoda, Lukáš ; Havránek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
Increasing number of international migrants in last decades attracts the attention of researchers who attempt to estimate the effect of immigration on the wages of native workers. Despite the extensive body of empirical literature, there is no consensus about the true effect. We employ modern techniques in the meta-analysis to address this question. Using original dataset consisting of 644 estimates from 20 primary studies which reflects the last 30 years of the research on the topic in hand we inspect the literature for the presence of publication bias and explain the heterogeneity in the estimates of primary studies. Although, there is some uncertainty about our results, findings from linear and non-linear tests for publication bias suggests the overall effect close to zero or slightly positive. Moreover, we find an evidence that immigration causes distributional effects which contribute to wealth inequality.
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Does childbirth change the gender gap in well-being within family?
Plachá, Veronika ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
All high-income nations have experienced a sharp decline in fertility rates dur- ing the past century. With birth rates in many developed countries currently below the replacement level, the population is ageing quickly, raising concerns about how this may affect public finances and living standards. Higher-income nations are not the only ones experiencing a fall in fertility; the majority of low- and middle-income nations are getting closer to fertility levels at replacement levels. To better understand fertility behaviour and the presence of low-fertility regimes, many recent studies examined the impact of parenthood on subjective well-being (SWB). Even though having a child is usually the joint decision of partners, each parent might experience parenthood differently, and the so-called well-being gap can arise. The aim of this thesis is to analyze how children af- fect the between partners' gap in subjective well-being and how this gap varies between families while using EU-SILC data conducted in 2013 and 2018. The results suggest that there is a trend only in the year 2018 where the effect is the largest for parents with small children and that it disappears (becomes in- distinguishable from the effect observed for parents with 15-year-old children) more-less when children reach school age. In...
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Wage gap between NBA and WNBA
Báčová, Magdaléna ; Kalabiška, Roman (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
A highly discussed topic of the gender wage gap with a specific focus on professional basketball in the United States is examined in this study. The re- search question asks why and how do the salaries between NBA and WNBA differ. With a final sample of 416 observations from the NBA and 124 from the women's league considering the 2021 season only, an econometric method of Ordinary Least Squares revealed few noteworthy differences in key salary deter- minants. Namely, athletes' peak career age, in regards to earnings, is estimated at the age of 33 in the WNBA and 28 in the case of an NBA player. In addition to that, while points scored appear to be the key salary determinant in both leagues, average minutes played and draft outcome seem to have significance only in the men's league. Alongside with that, the wage gap is estimated at 98.75%. Theoretical part then summarized differences in salary-settings and restrictions. An interesting finding is that men athletes may reach the maxi- mum possible salary being equal to 35% of their league's salary cap, whereas the highest-paid athletes in the WNBA get hold of 16.5% of the league's salary cap only. Additionally, Gini Index of 0.5398 in line with a quantile regression numerically expressed disproportionate distribution of salaries in the NBA. The thesis betokens...
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