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Usage of LOTCA-G battery in occupational therapy by the seniors
Sýkorová, Magda ; Čábelková, Veronika (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Usage of LOTCA-G battery in occupational therapy by the seniors This bachelor thesis is focusing on assesment by the seniors using LOTCA-G battery (Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment for Geriatric Population). The aim of theoretical part is to obtain basic information about human aging and about efects of aging on the human body, focusing on cognitive functions. It also deals with cognition function disorders and basic methods, commonly used to assess cognitive functions in the Czech republic. The theoretical part describes the LOTCA battery and its variants; compares basic LOTCA battery with its geriatric LOTCA-G variant. The practical part contains three case studies of Sue Ryder Home clients including an assessment of clients cognitive functions using LOTCA-G batery, design and implementation of therapy and comparison of input test and retest.
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Mediated training as a possibility for socially disadvantaged students
Škopková, Pavla ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor) ; Běhalová, Andrea (referee)
This Master thesis aims to solve the question of developmentally-creative possibilities in the schooling process. This question is contextualized education of socially disadvantaged pupils. Because in shaping the learning competencies, this area is not developed enough and specific methods are somewhat rigid, it will be introduced one of the option how to to develop learning skills and abilities of the pupils , and which are in the teaching competencies deemed as essential. In this context will be introduced stimulatory and intervention program of Instrumental Enrichment as a concrete form of execution of Mediated learning and also as an effort of perspective innovation of curriculum. With the intention to point out the limitless possibilities of developing pupil's learning potential, the text focuses on the theoretical and conceptual bases, which constitute the entire program. The program is the instrumental set of tools that lead to the activation of cognitive structures and their subsequent enrichment. Therefore, except the theoretical foundations are also presented cognitive strategies metacognitive training that simplify cognitive modifiability, and that lead to the development of pupils' learning potential.
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Inter-individual differences in behaviour of laboratory rats
Rudolfová, Veronika ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Sedláček, František (referee)
Number of studies report that even when experimental animals are subjected to the exact same conditions, they differ in their behaviour. If these differences were stable in time and across several experimental procedures, we could talk about personality. This diploma thesis studies inter-individual differences in behaviour of laboratory rats (Long Evans strain) in a series of experiments conducted in early ontogeny and in adult age. Apart from analysing inter-individual differences in behaviour and personality of experimental animals, this thesis has two main aims. The first aim is assessing stability of inter-individual differences in behaviour throughout ontogeny. The second aim is to explore possible link between inter-individual differences in behaviour and performance in cognitive tests. We confirmed the existence of inter-individual difference in behaviour in laboratory rats. In this thesis we were, however, not able to assess personality of experimental animals. The differences in behaviour were best described by behaviour in Open field test and Elevated plus maze test. Our results also show marked differences between successive trials of these experiments. We also report that performance in Active allothetic place avoidance is not linked to performance in Morris water maze, even though both...
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Reference meaning of words in human-dog communication
Stemmerová, Lucia ; Lindová, Jitka (advisor) ; Santariová, Milena (referee)
In recent twenty years dogs have become model subjects of comparing studies. These experiments show us that specific cognitive skills have developed during their domestication as an adaptation to anthropomorphic environment. For example dogs can follow human gaze and understand gestures. An important topic of today researches are linguistic skills of dogs. Knowledge from this area would help to discover more from evolution processes which formed human language. Last studies have proven dogs can distinguish a new object by a fast mapping. But when distinguishing two new objects, dogs had problems. That is why I decided to verify if dogs are able to remember two new words and match them with correct objects during one session. For this experiment I worked on a new methodical procedure and used three border collies dogs. The results showed that after some training dogs were able to correctly distinguish two new words in case the experimentalist stood in front of them and they used multisenzorial perception. In case they had only one communication source (visual or acoustic), they made more mistakes. The results show that functional reactions of dogs to human vocalization are getting better if they can use visual and acoustic source in one time during an interspecies communication. Key words: dog,...
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The effect of agonist of the metabotropic glutamate receptors LY 379268 in an animal model of psychosis
Rišňovská, Dominika ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Introduction: Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric illness characterized by impairments in cognition and positive and negative symptoms. As currently used antipsychotics do not treat all symptoms of the disease, further research of the therapeutic potential of various drugs in the treatment of this disease is crucial. Psychosis is a condition or a mental state that usually accompany schizophrenia, as well as other disorders. We used MK-801, a non-competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors to induce an experimental model of psychosis in rats. By binding to the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors located on inhibitory interneurons, MK-801 has been shown to elicit an overactivation of cortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons, leading to behaviors such as hyperlocomotion, stereotypy or cognitive impairments. LY 379268, an agonist of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors, binds to both presynaptic and postsynaptic receptors on pyramidal neurons. It has been suggested that it could alleviate the MK-801-induced hyperactivity of the principal neurons. In this study, we sought to demonstrate the effects of LY 379268 in the MK-801 animal model of psychosis and hypothesized that LY 379268 will ameliorate deficits in the reversal learning induced by MK-801. Materials and methods: Long Evans rats received...
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Masaryk and Philosophy
Namyslo, Pavel ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The topic of the present thesis is the philosophy of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. The main aim of the theses is to create a complete and lucid progress of Masaryk's thinking considering the main influence on Masaryk as a philisopher. The thesis examines what and who influenced Masaryk the most and which individual experience formed his global philosophy. The thesis proceeds chronologically and copies Masaryk's life. It describes his pesonal development influenced by the work of other authors and philosophers and also by examining the answers of newly risen questions. The individual traces in his thinking, however, are not strictly isolated. The theses is thus trying to find the intersection of different influences. The issues are mostly identical. Nevertheless, Masaryk's attitude towards them develops and changes. Every influence on Masaryk and his reflection would make a thesis itself, therefore we remain at the basic philosophical points. The theses examines three areas - the first is Masaryk's source, meaning the inspiring author. Second is Masaryk's interpretation and understanding. The last area deals with Masaryk's comments and other authors analyzing his work. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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