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New Right and its Reception of the Conservative Revolution in the Weimar Republic on the Example of the Magazin Sezession
Baláková, Anna ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
The presented thesis deals with the New Right in Germany and its current reception of the Conservative Revolution of the Weimar Republic. The thesis primarily focuses on the German New Right, which it aims to define by its references to ideological and political stances of the right-wing conservative and extremist movement of the Weimar Republic - the Conservative Revolution. Based on a detailed textual analysis of selected articles from the New Right's journal Sezession, the thesis presents the elementary worldviews of the New Right as well as its rhetoric and strategies. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how the New Right perceives the central ideas of the Conservative Revolution (anti- enlightenment, anti-liberalism, anti-democracy, anti-parliamentarism, advocacy of an authoritarian state concept and promotion of a homogenous society) and how it implicitly or explicitly employs these ideas for its argumentation. The thesis proved that the worldviews of the Conservative Revolution nowadays still function as an ideological reservoir of the New Right, meaning also that the New Right is theoretically little innovative and takes over and passes on a large part of the ideas of the intellectuals of the Conservative Revolution, which are currently one hundred years old.
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The quality of democracy in Poland (2014-2019)
Skřivánková, Paulina ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Salamon, Janusz (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the quality of democracy and the causes of its decline by comparing two consecutive periods. The analysis is mainly based on government policy, i.e., what actions of the government may have had an impact on the decline of the quality of democracy. In the first period between 2011 and 2015 ruled the coalition of two parties - PO and PSL. In the second period between 2015 and 2019 ruled the PiS party. In each period, five thematic headings are analyzed, based on the two most popular democracy indices created by Freedom House and The Economist Intelligence Unit, and on the academic literature. The examined thematic headings are the balance of power, the influence of the church on government policy, corruption and anti-corruption measures, transparent access to information and media, and citizens' trust in government. The findings of Freedom House and The Economist Intelligence Unit and primarily the findings of my analysis are then compared to see whether there has indeed been a decline in the quality of democracy in the areas of study. The analysis itself shows that the decline in the quality of democracy in the areas studied is mainly due to the distortion of the balance of power and the influence of media independence. The deterioration, although not as marked as in...
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Extreme right aspects of Marine Le Pen's discourse during the presidential election in 2017
Waldová, Julie ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bauer, Paul (referee)
In recent years, Marine Le Pen has been trying to steer away from the far-right past of the National Front (now the National Rally) to become a "party like any other" and thus become a part of the French political mainstream. Since Le Pen became its chairman in 2011, the party has undergone many changes through which the National Front has tried to normalize its rhetorics in order to regain its lost credibility in the eyes of the public. For this transformation, the term dédiabolisation is used, particularly in Francie. In 2017, Le Pen ran for the French president. Though Emmanuel Macron eventually succeeded in the second round of elections, 33.39% of the votes that the National Front candidate received may be perceived as a genuine return of the party to the struggle for political power. Thus, in the context of the growing electoral preferences of populist radical right-wing parties, this thesis addresses the "normalized" discourse of Marine Le Pen in the presidential election and identifies its far-right aspects. A detailed analysis both of her pre-election speeches and her political program then outlines the direction in which France could move towards under the potential rule of the National Front.
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The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East: The Cases of Egypt and Turkey
Ahmed, Sarah Saad Mohmed ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Záhora, Jakub (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of International Relations Master's Thesis 2018 Sarah Ahmed CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of International Relations The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East: The Cases of Egypt and Turkey Master's thesis Author: Sarah Ahmed Study programme: International Relations Supervisor: PhDr. Jan Hornát, Ph.D. Year of the defence: 2018 Declaration 1. I hereby declare that I have compiled this thesis using the listed literature and resources only. 2. I hereby declare that my thesis has not been used to gain any other academic title. 3. I fully agree to my work being used for study and scientific purposes. In Prague on 31.07.2018 Sarah Ahmed References AHMED, Sarah. The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East. Praha, 2018. 106 pages. Master's thesis (Mgr.). Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Relations. Department of International Relations. Supervisor PhDr. Jan Hornát, Ph.D. Length of the thesis: 198,979 Characters. Abstract First, this thesis will be focused on democracy promotion and civil society as concepts that emerged and occupied a large scholarly literature. I deem...
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Russian patronage to unrecognized states since the annexation of Crimea: A cross case study of the Republic of Abkhazia and the PMR
Koelle, Heidi ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
Abstract: This master's thesis focuses on the obstacles of state building for the defacto states Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic ( Tranistria) and the Republic of Abkhazia. Both of which are break-away states from former soviet republics: Moldova and Georgia. The purpose is to give a cross country comparison of factors which hinder state building. Both states have their unique sets of challenges to integrating into a fully recognized state yet share many of the same obstacles. The factors that will be analyzed are relations to their Patron states; The Russian Federation and how this patron state contributes to these de facto states inability to democratize and gain outside recognition with other member state. These challenges for integration as full dejure states and participation within international institutions are a result of ethnic tension, corruption, authorities and complete dependence on Russia as a parent state. The other factors that will be analyzed is the Foreign policy of the Russian within its near abroad and their soft power tactics towards their compatriots.
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Non-Systemic Opposition in Russia 2011-2016
Koutník, Jan ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis examines why did the non-systemic opposition in Russia between 2011 and 2016 fail to reach any significant success. Even though during 2011 and 2012 Russia witnessed mass anti- government protests the non-systemic opposition was not able to enforce any relevant change in the regime, obtain representation in the state institutions or induce larger public dissatisfaction with the regime. The study analyses problematic internal features of the non-systemic opposition (lack of public support, coalition potential, election programs and campaigns, party financing) and external repressive means of the Vladimir Putin's regime against the opposition (legislation, direct confrontation, judicial trials, elections and means of rigging). The thesis offers a complex insight into the functioning of the non-systemic opposition in Russia in the observed period and accentuates the authoritarian character of the Russian regime. Based on the evaluation of the key variables the study concludes that the repressive policies of the regime cardinally affected the weakness and fragmentation of the non-systemic opposition which moreover was not able to overcome the internal conflicts and gain broader public support.
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The Hybrid Regime and the Democracy in Peru - the Regime of Alberto Fujimori
Veselý, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The diploma thesis "The Hybrid Regime and the Democracy in Peru - the Regime of Alberto Fujimori." will be focused on the regime of Alberto Fujimori in Peru in the scope of theories of hybrid regimes, a theory of "neopopulism" and a theory of "autogolpe". The theoretical frame of the thesis is based on theories of hybrid regimes by Larry Diamond and Guillermo O'Donnell, further on a theory of "neopopulism" by Kurt Weyland and a theoretical analysis of the "autogolpe" by Maxwell A. Cameron. The thesis will be focused on the fact whether the examined regime corresponds to one type of hybrid regimes based on criteria of the theoretical framework and whether it is the case of "neopopulism". As factors that could affect the form of Fujimori's regime there will be analysed campaigns of guerrilla groups Shining Path and MRTA and the solution of the economic crisis. The aim of the diploma thesis is the analysis of Fujimori's government, thus the finding, whether it is possible to mark the regime as hybrid and which type specifically. The thesis will use the method of comparative analysis for comparison purposes to compare countries where was or may be realized "autogolpe". Then there will be used a case study to describe the events that preceded the election of president Fujimori and then the description...
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Authoritarian regime in Iran. Early years of Pahalavis's rule.
Ducháčková, Michaela ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the Iranian regime in early years of Pahlavis rule and to apply Linz typology of non-democratic regimes. The theoretical part focuses on the characterization of each type of non-democratic regimes (except for posttotalitarianism) on the basis of Linz's four dimensions - pluralism, ideology, mobilization and leadership. The empirical part deals with certain aspects and features of regimes that are relevant for the evaluation, why the concept of authoritarianism is most suitable for Iran. Early years of Reza Shah's rule (1926 - 1933) and Mohammad Reza's rule (1953 - 1963) are analyzed separately. All the results are then summarized and both regimes are compared.
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Authoritarian Values and Electoral Behaviour in Slovakia
Slyško, Martin ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
Along with the right-left economical dimension of positioning of political parties and voters, there is also dimension of division along cultural and value items which is described as authoritarianism - libertarianism axis or sometimes conservatism - liberalism. In new democracies the division along clear support for liberal democracy on the one hand and support or toleration of non liberal use of power on the other hand is often very important. We distinguish between authoritarianism as orientation with tendency towards support for restrictive and hierarchical politics, which in some cases lead to non liberal variant of formally democratic order, and cultural conservatism, which has its roots mainly in higher level of religiosity. Authoritarian and conservative tendencies are to certain level associated with each other, nevertheless they do not create an integral complex. There is evidence of a group with authoritarian value orientation and culturally liberal position at the same time; in Slovak conditions it is the case of the electorate of left wing party Smer (Direction). Examining the opinion cleavage among Slovak public along cultural and value questions, we identify the biggest conflict potential of the authoritarian items as the mode of political rule and nationalism. Next significant...
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