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Grey colour in Czech and its reflection in the Czech dictionaries
Fimanová, Barbora ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Chromý, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with two lexemes šedý and šedivý, which serve to designate grey colour in Czech. Methodological it is based on the concepts of color terms in the context of cognitive linguistics introduced in the first chapter. Linguistic part of this thesis presents the analysis of the Czech dictionaries and the corpus data, focusing on frequent collocations individual lexemes. Those findings lead to designate one of the adjectives as basic color term in the conception B. Berlin and P. Kay. The research also contributes to the clarification of the problem, in which areas these terms differ or overlap in meaning. For this purpose it uses a typology of semantic structure of colour concept K. Waszakowa. The results show, that originally the adjectives referred to different objects of reality, but gradually the meanings and connotations of both lexemes converge, but still don't work completely synonymously. Keywords colors, grey color, meaning, connotation, collocation, prototype, basic color term, Czech linguistic dictionaries
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On Collocation Problems in Adjective Entries. Problematic Cases in the Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary
Oliva, Jakub ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Kloudová, Věra (referee)
The aim of the given work was to point out the problems of the collocability of german adjectives in dictionaries and on the basis of the executed analysis to suggest possible solutions which could be exploited in the entries. The primary information sources were the german dictionary Duden and the german-czech dictionary Siebenschein, the secondary ones were the internet corpus DeReKo and the web search engine Google. The dictionary collocations should not be chosen by the criterion of their quantity, but by the criterion of their usefulness. They should exemplify the differences between both languages and they should be used as the assure instance for the dictionary user.
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Linguistic Picture of Chods
Strenková, Johana ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
The aim of this work is to compile the linguistic picture of Chods, that is how the word is fixed in the language and the conceptual system of a native speaker. For this purpose, canonical literature has been chosen that thematizes Chods, furthermore some Chod newspapers, corpus syn2013pub and Jindřich's song-books and a few collections of Chod fairytales and legends representing folk literature. This thesis has also drawn upon systemic data, i. e. dictionaries wherein the word Chod can be found in order to record the denotations of this word. Next, the thesis explored the etymology of the word Chod and its synonyms, which also helps to clarify the objective of this work. All the data have been analysed and the connotations, collocations and also attittude towards the dennotation have been gathered that have been featured in more sources to compile the linguistic picture of Chods. Among the most frequent collocations and connotations confirmed in more than one source are Chodsko, border service, privileges and duties of Chods, Kozina and Lomikar, the uprising, Újezd, rebels, defenders against the Germans, nacionalism, freedom, a traditional costume, dialect, music, bagpipes, pies, Chod festival, ceramics, farmers, a banner, a dog, stubborness, repulsion, pride, distinctiveness, togetherness, hard...
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Toward a syntactic theory of < verb-adverbial particle > constructions in contemporary French
Šišmová, Anna ; Jančík, Jiří (advisor) ; Müllerová, Eva (referee)
This thesis entitled Toward a syntactic theory of verb-adverbial particle constructions in contemporary French focuses on the analytical description of these constructions. Syntactically and semantically, they straddle the boundary between periphrasis, syntagma and collocations. From a syntactic point of view, their structure consists of two components, a verb and an adverbial particle. This type of construction is also close to the constructions existing in English and German. It concerns phrasal verbs and verbs used with separable prefixes. For this reason, their structure was also compared with the constructions in French. After presenting a theoretical explanation, the constructions were subjected to a series of morpho-syntactic and semantic tests. On the basis of these tests, it was possible to compile their definition, and thus determine their place in French grammar. The aim of this thesis was to determine the morpho- syntactic status of the above-mentioned constructions in French, and to compare them with similar constructions which occur in English and German. KEYWORDS Constructions < verb-adverbial particle >, syntagm, collocation, periphrasis, non-valent datives
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Exploring case forms of Czech nouns and their ranking in semantic (collocational) classes
Schöne, Karin ; Kučera, Karel (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee) ; Šindelářová, Jaromíra (referee)
This dissertation aims to identify and analyse the frequency distribution of mor- phological forms of nouns in contemporary Czech. The work is based on an error analysis of texts of non-native speakers revealing and describing frequent types of errors in noun inflection. Against the background of recent research in the field of second language acquisition on the one hand and the principles of communicative approaches to language teaching on the other hand nine textbooks of Czech as a foreign language are analysed for approaches to the introduction and presentation of grammatical cases, their functions and typical constructions. It is concluded that it is necessary to exemplify case functions by prototypical constructions and sufficient sample nouns for which these functions are typical. With regard to the often observed emphasis on the noun as a part of the inflectional paradigm and thus on the nominative singular as its basic form, it is eligible for textbooks and language classes to shift the focus from the dominant paradigmatic to the syntag- matic aspect of nouns and their word forms. One of the initial questions of these theses therefore is which forms of a noun are essential to the adequate (didactical- ly oriented) presentation of the noun and its use. A pilot study conducted on the data of...
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The Use of the Word comme in contemporary French (Construction « être + ADJ + comme »)
Konštiaková, Kristína ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
The work is dealing with the French word comme, whose polysemy involves a problematic determination of the part of speech. The aim of theoretical part is to map all the cases of use of this word by using reference dictionaries and specialized literature. The practical part examines in more detail the use of comme in comparison. By means of language corpora, comme is studied in the construction where preceded by the verb be and an adjective (être + ADJ + comme). This structure is analyzed from the frequency point of view in subcorpora representing different types of texts. The frequency analysis includes qualitative analysis of the right context. Another goal is to identify the occurrences with a figurative meaning and to search for the most frequent adjectives as candidates figuring in collocations or perhaps even in idioms. Finally, the potential collocations are contrasted with dictionaries either to confirm them or to discover new ones, yet not lexicalized. Key words: comme, corpus, text type, comparison, collocation
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Use of Sense Relations in Expressing Language Humour: TV Series Analysis
Kopicová, Linda ; Matuchová, Klára (advisor) ; Vít, Radek (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on sense relations, the syntagmatic and the paradigmatic axis, and their use in expressing language humour. The analysis was carried out in a corpus extracted from the TV series Friends and How I Met Your Mother. It strives to answer the question whether the sitcoms display the same number of comical incidences both in the first and the last season. Furthermore, it sheds some light on the linguistic realizations employed and the way they operate to trigger laughter. Finally, the thesis provides an insight into the universal tendencies of humour realizations and their reflection in the amassed data.
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Multiword expressions in Italian
Jungwirthová, Klára ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Obstová, Zora (referee)
The main topic of this thesis are the multiword expressions in the italian language. The thesis is divided into two parts - the theorical and the empirical part. The theorical part deals with the multiword expressions, the syntagmas and the idiomatic expressions. In the empirical part the connections between the constituents of the multiword expressions will be researched. Than four criteria will be on the multiword expressions applied (head inflection, insertion of the head's modifiers, pronominalisation of the head and dislocation and topicalization of the head). These transformations will be verified with the aid of corpora and questionnaires. Depending on the results of this research will be decided if the multiword expressions resemble the syntagmas or the idiomatic expressions.
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