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Characterization of collagen from different animal tissues
Mikulíková, Zuzana ; Drábková, Michaela (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of the proposed diploma thesis is to optimize the procedure of collagen isolation from animal tissues and methods for molecular characterization of isolates. In experimental part, isolations of collagens from animal tissues (chicken, hen, carp, and pork skin) were performed. Total protein concentration was determined by Biuret method and by TNBSA method. Both methods were used also in order to study physiological and thermal stability of the isolates under model conditions. Isolated collagens were characterized at molecular level using PAGE–SDS and microfluidic electrophoresis. Further, amino acids composition and microelement content were analyzed. Finally, the stability of isolated collagens in several types of simulated physiological and pathological conditions was tested too. During isolation relatively sufficient collagen yields were obtained (about 15 % of purified collagen per original mass of biological material). In all analyzed tissues Type I collagen was found. Thermal stability of individual samples differed according to biological source type and tissue age. Viscosimetry measurements confirmed higher stability in collagen samples of older animals. Collagenase exhibited the lowest degradation effect to bovine collagen, while selected mixed microbial hydrolases differed according to enzyme preparative type. Incubation of collagen isolates with selected human pathogens confirmed higher resistance of bovine collagen to biofilm formation when compared with the chicken one.
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Study of some modified colagen biomaterials
Zouharová, Lucie ; Drábková, Michaela (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of the presented work is the study and biochemical characterization of some modified collagen materials (prepared on Institute of Material Science, Faculty of Chemistry, BUT), optimalization of collagen isolation from various types of animal tissues and testing of isolated collagen stability. First, isolation of collagen from five different animal tissues was performed with satisfactory yields. The concentration of total proteins was measured by Biuret and Hartree – Lowry method, the concentration of free amino groups was measured by TNBSA method. Protein analysis in colllagen preparatives was peformed by vertical electrophoresis PAGE-SDS and by microfluidic electrophoretic system Experion for comparison. Further purification and separation of collagen isolates by gel permeation chromatography was tested too. To detailed characterization thermal stability of collagen specimens was performed by high performance ultrasonic spectroscopy. Biological stability of collagen was tested in model physiological conditions.
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Analysis of yeast DNA using pulsed field gel electrophoresis
Kubáčková, Martina ; Drábková, Michaela (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Technique of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) has found widespread use in the analysis of the genome of all life organisms. It is applied to the separation of the large DNA molecules above thousands base pairs up to millions of base pairs in size, where using conventional gel electrophoresis techniques are not possible (for instance large bacterial, yeast, fungal or mammalian chromosome). Presented work was realized as a comparative analysis of genome of several carotenogenic yeasts. The conditions of isolation and analysis of chromosomal yeast DNA were optimized. A lysis of yeast cells and deproteination of DNA within agarose chops was shown as the most appropriate method for DNA isolation. Cultivation to late exponential phase (50 hours) is the most suitable to obtaining intact DNA in sufficient amount and quality. Carotenogenic yeasts undergo the random mutagenesis using alkylation reagent ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Genome of pigment overproducing mutants was analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and amount of carotenoids by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, overproduction of beta-carotene was analyzed in mutant strains Rhodotorula glutinis (10.6 g/l of biomass enriched 0,34 mg/g of beta-carotene) and Cystofilobasidium capitatum (8.5 g/l of biomass enriched 0,23 mg/g of beta-carotene). Selection of mutant strains overproducing carotenoid pigments was in presented experiment series successful in almost all analyzed strains except in the case of the strain Rhodotorula aurantiaca.
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Motivation of primary and secondary schools to sport
Drábková, Michaela ; Hrabinec, Jiří (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee)
ABSTACT: This bachelor thesis studies the main sources of motivation of elementary- and secondary- school children to participate in physical activities and compares the differences in motivation. In addition, it explores factors that influence the choice of sports field, in particular the social context (parents, friends, availability etc.) and the different a approach to sports among girls and boys. In the theoretical part, I define relevant terminology regarding motivation, physical activity, exercise and sports. Then, I focus on the distinctive aspects of upper elementary- and secondary-school age groups and the specific conditions and opportunities to engage in sports in Jilemnice. The practical part describes the applied methods and the research that was performed among the students of the elementary and secondary schools in Jilemnice in the form of questionnaire. Finally, the research is evaluated. The results and collected data are presented in tabular and chart form.
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Problems of the beginning teachers of the health education
Drábková, Michaela ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Kočí, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of beginning teachers of health education. It focuses on the most common problems they have to face during the first 5 years in the teaching profession. The main goal of the thesis will be to identify the most common problems that beginning teachers of health education have to deal with. Furthermore, their adaptation in the school environment and inclusion in the teaching staff. But also coping with the problems during the first years of the teaching profession. Another goal will be to find out how they solve problems and how they deal with them. Whether they have been assigned an introductory teacher and whether they work with him. The theoretical part of the work clarifies the issues associated with the performance of the teaching profession, characterizes the preparation of the future teacher for the performance of the profession, further clarifies the term beginning teacher and introducing teacher. Last but not least, it describes the implementation of a beginning teacher. The practical part will be based on research through qualitative research - semi-structured interviews with beginning teachers of health education, who teach for a maximum of 5 years and with introductory teachers, with significantly longer practice and experience. The interview is...
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Plynová chromatografie mastných kyselin ve vybraných živočišných tkáních
Drábková, Michaela
The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine, using gas chromatography, fatty acids in selected animal tissues. Specifically, the muscle, liver, pulmonary and adipose tissues were observed. A total of 32 piglets were divided into two groups with 16 pigs in each group. During 75 days of fattening, each group was given a feed mixture differing in the type of oil added. The experimental group was fed a basic feed mixture with the addition of 2,5 % fish oil, whilst the control group with the addition of 2,5 % palm oil. The animals were fed ad libitum. After slaughter, samples of selected tissues were taken and the process of lyophilisation was carried out. Using extraction method according to Hara, Radin (1978), lipids from lyophilized tissue samples were extracted. Fatty acids present within these lipids were then transformed into more volatile fatty acid methyl esters by the process of derivatization. These were then determined by gas chromatography and the results were statistically evaluated. The effect of fish oil in the feed mixture resulted in the increase of PUFA n-3 (P < 0.01) in all of the tested tissues. The addition of palm oil, on the other hand, had an effect on the content (P < 0.05) of SFA, MUFA in the tested tissues.
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Motivation of primary and secondary schools to sport
Drábková, Michaela ; Hrabinec, Jiří (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee)
ABSTACT: This bachelor thesis studies the main sources of motivation of elementary- and secondary- school children to participate in physical activities and compares the differences in motivation. In addition, it explores factors that influence the choice of sports field, in particular the social context (parents, friends, availability etc.) and the different a approach to sports among girls and boys. In the theoretical part, I define relevant terminology regarding motivation, physical activity, exercise and sports. Then, I focus on the distinctive aspects of upper elementary- and secondary-school age groups and the specific conditions and opportunities to engage in sports in Jilemnice. The practical part describes the applied methods and the research that was performed among the students of the elementary and secondary schools in Jilemnice in the form of questionnaire. Finally, the research is evaluated. The results and collected data are presented in tabular and chart form.
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Establishment and Termination of Ownership Right to Land in Light of the New Civil Code
Drábková, Michaela ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
This rigorous thesis deals with possible ways of establishment and termination of ownership right to land under Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code, as amended, in relation to Act No. 40/1964 Coll., the Civil Code, as of 31 December 2013, and certain other aspects connected therewith. After brief analysis of underlying terms, specific features of land (land plots, respectively) and their influence on ownership right are determined. The following part of this thesis is focused on individual ways of establishment and termination of ownership right to land. This part is based on Section 132 of Act No. 40/1964 Coll., which distinguished acquisition of ownership right on the basis of an agreement, inheritance, decision of state body and other legal reasons stipulated by law. The following part of this thesis also briefly analyzes aspects of cadastral registry and entries therein. The last part of this thesis contains a summary of relevant conclusions.
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Liberalisation in restrictions on acquisition by foreigners of real property in the Czech Republic
Drábková, Michaela ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (referee)
The purposeof my thesis is to analyzeaspectsconnectedwith liberalisationof legal restrictionsbasedon domesticlegal regulationsconcerningacquisitionof domesticreal estateby foreignexchangenon-residents.The reasonfor my researchis that nobodyever hasanalyzedthistopic alsofrom historicalperspective. The thesisis composedof four chapters,eachof them dealingwith different aspectsof acquisitionof domesticreal estateby foreign exchangenon-residentsand relatedissues. ChapterOne is focusedon legal regulationsrestrictingforeign exchangenon-residentsin acquisitionsof domesticrealestatethatexistedbefore1898.The chapteris subdividedinto six parts. Part One describeslegal restrictionsexisting under Decision of Permanent Committee No. 28711938Coll. and explainsrelated issues.Part Two deals with legal restrictionsexistingunderGovernmentalDecreeNo. 155/1939Coll. and explainsrelated issues.Part threedealswith legal restrictionsexistingunder Act No. 9311946Coll' and explainsrelatedissues.Part Four is focusedon legal restrictionsexistingunder Act No. 107/1953and explainsrelatedissues.PartFive describeslegal restrictionsexistingunder Act No. l42lIgl0 Coll. andexplainsrelatedissues.PartSix is focusedon legalrestrictions existingunderAct No. 16211989andexplainsrelatedissues' ChapterTwo examineslegal restrictionsexistingin...
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Sója - funkční potravina
Drábková, Michaela
The food industry has lately experienced a significant growth in those foodstuffs known as functional foods. This bachelor's thesis focuses on soya bean as a crop that contains a number of biologically active substances with positive effects on the human body. Thanks to the presence of healthy substances, soya is considered to be a valuable functional food. The first part of the thesis deals with the characteristics of functional foods, the reasons for their genesis, development and the ways of classifying them. The following part is aimed at soya itself, its chemical composition and a thorough description of the physiologically impactful substances it contains. The last part of the thesis summarizes the effects of soya on human health, particularly its role in disease prevention, whilst allergy to soya is also mentioned.
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