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Subcarpathian Ruthenia within Czechoslovakia in 1933-1939. Autonomy and state forming efforts
Hurný, Róbert ; Doubek, Vratislav (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
Subcarpathian Ruthenia within Czechoslovakia in 1933-1939. Autonomy and stateforming efforts Subcarpathian Ruthenia was an integral part of Czechoslovakia in the interwar period. On the basis of the peace treaty contracted in Saint-Germain-en-Laye (Septem ber 10, 1019) and the Constitution of the Czechoslovak Republic (February 29, 1920), Subcarpathian Ruthenia should have had an autonomous position in the political-juridi cal system of Czechoslovakia, its autonomous council and an autonomous government corresponding to the council. The central government in Prague was hesitating to impo se a real autonomy of Subcarpathian Ruthenia within the republic because it did not demonstrate satisfying political, national, confessional and economic conditions and represented a continual threat of irredentism from various Carpathoruthenian elements and revisionism emerging from the neighbouring states - mainly Hungary. The central government established it only after Munich Agreement which considerably weakened Czechoslovakia as for its power. The government made an effort to consolidate Cze choslovakia by declaring autonomy of Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia. This had not happened until the moment when Czechoslovakia was on its way to cease. These autonomous tendencies had its place in a compex game...
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Stress and stress of emergency workers with the potential result of the/ burnout syndrome - the possibility of early diagnosis, treatment and prevention
Šeblová, Jana ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jiří (referee) ; Pokorný, Jan (referee)
The study was divided into 3 phases: the first stage was to create a simple and easy to use method to diagnose early signs of burnout and a sample of emergency services workers from the Czech Republic this methodology to verify and create a basis for future standardization. Furthermore, to determine the extent of exposure predefined risk factors (such indicators have been selected mass transport accident deaths of young people, treatment of burn trauma, death or severe injury collaborator) and his own threat level, associated with their work. The last of the surveyed areas were sources of stress and sources of satisfaction associated with the profession, as seen by the workers themselves. In the second part of the study should be developed in conjunction with the management of emergency services in place preventive programs and some programs, crisis intervention into practice. The third phase of the study should examine whether these support services affect the incidence of psychological manifestations of burnout and may help to reduce the psychological burden in terms of emergency services.
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Theoretical background for determining the fracture-mechanics parameters using the Boundary Element Method
Gröger, Roman
Boundary Element Method is a powerful tool for certain class of Solid Mechanics problems, where the fundamental solution of the governing differential equation is known. This article briefly outlines the theoretical background of BEM for plane problems as well as integral identities for calculation of internal stresses and displacements. Chapter 2 introduces the most useful contour integrals for calculation of fracture parameters in two-parameter linear elastic fracture mechanics. These coefficients are solved using the stress and strain tensor field calculated using BEM. All the proposed and discussed approaches are compared and the differences between FEM and BEM are discussed.
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Nurse in the psychiatric ward as a source of confidence and trust for the mentally ill
TICHÁ, Kateřina
Mental diseases are often view as a taboo and stigmatizing phenomenon by the public eye. Similarly, the work of a nurse in a psychiatric ward is considered as unimportant in number of publications. The nurses, working in this department, are designated as unable to work in other departments. In the theoretical part, first is mentioned the current psychiatric care in the Czech Republic. Further, a history of psychiatric care is also mentioned. The largest chapter is created by providing the general definition of communication, its forms and specific of communication with the mentally sick patients. The theoretical work is concluded by a chapter devoted to ethics and law in psychiatry, and of course the nurse as a person takes also a well-deserved part in it. The aims of the dissertation thesis were four. The first objective was to determine whether the authority of the nurse is an integral part of the nursing process in the care of the mentally ill patients. Furthermore it was to determine whether nurses in the psychiatric ward strengthen their authority by compliance with communication policies and procedures. The penultimate goal was to find out in what nurses with experience in other fields of medicine see the most important differences in the requirements imposed on them in the implementation of the nursing process. The last goal was to find out whether nurses in the psychiatric ward know and follow the guidelines for communicating with the mentally ill persons. To these goals four research questions were set: Do nurses perceive the influence, which results from their authority,as a positive aspect of nursing care of patients in the psychiatric ward? Is the nurses' authority strengthened within their work with the mentally ill throughout the observance of the principles of communication? What are the most common differences in nursing care that the nurses see, which currently works in the psychiatric ward in comparison with other branches of medicine, where they acted in the past? Do nurses have the knowledge of the principles of communication with the patients and adherence to these principles, in a psychiatric ward? The research group consisted from four nurses for observation purposes and seven nurses for semi-standardized interviews in the Psychiatric ward at the hospital of Ceske Budejovice, j.s.c. The first part of the research works with the concept of authority. This research provided a result that the authority should not occur between nurses and patients, and moreover nurses themselves should aspire to be more a companion and a helper to a successful treatment and mental health care. All nurses rather talk about trust, which by their own words is obligatory for effective nursing care and communication with the client. Therefore, they always try to provide the patient with maximum acceptable form of information and so to minimize their fear from the unknown and often from their own illness. At the same time they require and pay attention to strict observance of the rules by patients, which in effect reinforces the sense of confidence. Everywhere in health care and when working with people the communication is important, but nurses say, that in the care of the mentally ill, especially in communication it is essential not to make mistakes. The research observation confirmed their behavior, and with their approach that they subordinate all their behavior to the patient. When caring for a mentally ill person it is necessary at least double the efforts to gain the trust for enhance the feeling of safety and security. Nurses are also aware that working with patients depends on his personal qualities and recognition of individuality.
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Problematics of premature delivery in midwifery
RUNTOVÁ, Petra
Premature delivery is known as a delivery before 37th week of a pregnancy. It´s still a very serious problem in a healthcare and also the reason of lots of perinatal complications. These pregnant women who are threatened by premature delivery are often hospitalized for a long time. The hospitalization brings itself a lot of dangerous. It´s about the place itself, each woman´s individuality, her accommodation to a strange surrounding, other clients, the service of a clinic but also the medical staff. The midwife takes care by a nursing process when she works with the client´s requirement. There is very important a holistic view of a woman. A midwife may not omit her physical and social conditions, emotional stability, self-respect and her job status and family position. My work goal consisted in finding the details about priority biopsychosocial problems at women who are hospitalized for a long time with the imminent premature delivery. There are two questions: What are the priority problems in biopsychosocial area at women with already mentioned problem? How do these women feel their requirement saturation during the hospitalization from their midwives? There was chosen qualitative investigation by unstandardized interviews to my research. Those interviews were anonymous. My research were took place eight women ? hospitalized at the risk pathological section of a Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinic of a University hospital in Pilsen. For both research questions were found answers. As the most often problem the interviewed women said about fear, worry about unborn child and the fear of the future. Good communication with a nursing staff, sufficient quantity of information and also midwife´s care helped to make their fear smaller. Just this care the clients rated as perfect and excellent. They said midwives are active, interested in their problems and feelings and they try to help them with solving their problems. My research also revealed that for hospitalized clients there was a big problem the whole day lieing and omitting their activities which coheres with that. In their department they spent their free time by reading, watching TV and surfing on the Internet. Freshly they´d welcome an opportunity pass the antenatal preparation because just hospitalization made them impossible to pass some of antenatal course. Of my research survey followed a need to make the antenatal course right for the clients of the Risk Pathological Section of a Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinic of a University hospital in Pilsen whom is recommended a quiescent regime during the hospitalization. This research value can be used as a feedback for midwives work in this section and in the whole clinic and also used for improve the care of pregnant clients.
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TOWNHOUSE ON THE WATERFRONT IN PŘEROV
Dvořáková, Kateřina ; Hoffmann, David (referee) ; Kratochvíl, Jan (advisor)
Our development area comprises the corner part of building block delimited by streets Brabansko – Malá Dlážka on parcels No. 4382, 4379, 4378, 4380. The place is divided by the river Bečva and by the waterfront road from the historic town centre. Multifunctional building includes public service and housing. The front entry is from the riverside street Brabansko, parking and supply place on the courtyard open to the street Malá Dlážka. First 3 floors serves as a commercial lease place, which can be free divided due to used space structure. 3th – 5th floor are destined for flats 2+kitchen and 3kitchen, 6th – 9th floor flats 4+kitchen. Urbanistic situation: fractionalism of sporadic building, breach of the street lines, absence of the regulative plan, specificity of waterfront. Space solution: Main feature: calm space with pedestrian, the river – impression – change of mood all day, water reflex, the south sun There are two differential points of view: over the river: sensation context of 2 adjoining building – linearity, pacific mass; close view – expression variety of surrounding allows more creative concept. The mass is connected to adjoining building and grows up. The form is inspired by ship, the corner symbolizes keel. The corner tower was cut in 2 directions, cuts are not so expressive over the river, it is apparent from side and close view. The cut features fallacy - disturbance of the vertical lines turns beholder´s head, it seems to be thinner than the prism. Open corner gives view angle from the rear street and there is a entry place with entry to the grand floor, to stairs to 1st and 2nd floor and through the passage way to car lifts and central stairs leading from basement garage through all the residential tower. There is used attractive views – terrace in 2nd floor for offices and large glass surfaces in flats. The facade raster against river matches scale of adjoining building, raster of cut surfaces is denser. It is the second fallacy – softer scale, so the surface seems to be deeper from the front view. Color solution result from water reflex, there are 3 materials of the diverse reflection intensity: glass, safety enamel dark grey glass and aluminum siding of blue metallic reflex. So there are various surface features all day. There is replaced dark glass surfaces by photovoltaic panels in the various solution. The construction combines concrete frame and wall system, both monolithic steel concrete, the basement is from rigid water-proof concrete construction, which results water and earth pressure. Yard facade is plaster and lightweight facade systems on front face – steel jambs clipped on steel concrete flooring plate. Parking for non-residential spaces is provided by vertical independent car lift for 2 cars and 2 standing for disabled, 36 places in sum. 14 parking standing is in the basement for residential, enterable from yard lift.
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Healthy Lifestyle among Czech Consumers
Jarošová, Lucie ; Pešek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tvrzníková, Libuše (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the lifestyle of the Czech population. The empirical research aims identify key characteristics of lifestyle of the Czech population, show the range of approaches to health, find out in what ways the Czech population cares about health, study to what extent Czechs respect the principles of a healthy lifestyle and investigate how well informed Czechs are about health. The theoretical part of this study consists of analyzing specialized literature in order to provide a comprehensive definition. Then using a number of previous studies it maps the risk behavior of the Czech population in relation to non-communicable diseases that can be caused by unhealthy lifestyle. The empirical part of the thesis provides tentative answers to the questions mentioned above. That is done by analyzing survey data complemented by an analysis of data provided by Marketing & Media & Lifestyle. The analyses concern both the entire Czech population and subsequently three selected sub-groups of respondents: (1) those who consider their lifestyle as healthy, (2) those who do not, and (3) a category of young people.
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On variation in the declension of attributive adjectives (a problem of the vague definition of "Artikelwort" and "Adjective")
Vondrová, Lucie ; Doležal, Jiří (referee) ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor)
My master thesis is entitled "On Variation in the Declension of Attributive Adjectives". This language phenomenon is closely related to the problem of standard in general. The codifiers have different attitudes towards this issue and that is something I wonder about. I would like to find out why the data in grammars and dictionaries differ from the language usage as well as who decide which language form belongs to standard and which not. Are the codifiers the only ones or is the process influenced also by anyone else? These questions suggest that it was necessary to handle the theory of standard at first and then to analyse concrete examples.
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Folk culture of the North Pilsen: aspects of mutual Czech-German action
Tureček, Martin ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Matějů, Martin (referee)
This rigorous thesis is focused on the aspects of relationship between Czech and German folk culture in the Northern Pil sen region. In the first part we treat with inhabitation and structurizing of space in general paying special attention to one' s living in cultural landscape. In the second part we follow history of german settlement in Czechia, Moravia and Silesia. We highlight the most important events in this history presenting the milestones to the Czech and German national interaction. Third part deals with history of Northern Pi/sen region and also with history of both Czech and German nation in this geographical region. In the fifth chapter we introduce the brief history of the folk costume, explain what it is and then we pay our attention to the Czech and German folk costume in the Northern Pi/sen region separatelly. Next part describes folk architecture in the landscape close to the towns of Plasy, Kralovice and Manětín respectively. The final chapter of this rigorous thesis is about small village chapels, sacellums, crosses and other diminutive relics of folk architecture in the region.
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Contemporary Russian drama on the Prague stage
Erben, Michal ; Hlaváček, Antonín (advisor) ; Hříbková, Radka (referee)
Spisovatelé vždy reflektovali a budou reflektovat svou dobu a řekl bych, že se to od nich do jisté míry očekává. Jsme spíše zvyklí na klasickou reflexi v podání Puškina, Lermontova, Tolstého, Dostojevského, Čechova, Gorkého a mnoha dalších, že zapomínáme, že doba se výrazně změnila - nejen u nás, ale i v celém světě. Zatím je bohužel smutným faktem, že současní ruští autoři na naše scény nepronikají v takové míře jako jejich známější kolegovéklasikové. Vždyť považme - hry Čechova, Dostojevského, Gorkého a jiných jsou dlouhá léta stálou součástí téměř všech divadelních souborů po celé České republice. A kde jsou Sigarev, Koljada, Presňakovové...? Existuje málo režisérů, kteří by se odhodlali inscenovat hru překypující vulgarismy, obscénnostmi a násilím. Přitom texty samotné - přes jejich tvrdý a krutý obraz společnosti - nejsou ve skrytu takové. Zdá se být jednoduché používat metodu verbatim, kvůli které je většina autorů zatracována, poněvadž prý nejsou schopni napsat hodnotné umělecké dílo, jehož kvalita navíc ještě mnohdy utrpí při překladu; na druhou stranu je ale potřeba říci, že všechna výše zmíněná díla mají velice silné příběhy podložené uměleckou stránkou a jsou čtivé. Pro dnešní generaci mladých jistě čtivější než , j istý pan Dostojevskij", o kterém se musí do detailů učit ve škole. Kdo nezná...
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