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Political prisoners of Jáchymov. Oral history in theory and practice
Bouška, Tomáš ; Vaněk, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mücke, Pavel (referee) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee)
The aim of this doctoral thesis combines the possibilities of oral history in theory and practice. The first part prepares the field for delivering results of my research which is targeted at mapping and understanding recent history using oral histories of twelve survivors of communist régime imprisoned in the 1950s in the Jachymov district. At first, I demonstrate the usage of oral history and related thinking about it abroad and in the Czech context. I deliver the empirical material of this work using this method. It consists from life stories and personal testimonies of former political prisoners who have been organised in the Confederation of Political Prisoners after 1989 in the Czech Republic. Apart from methodological collection, analysis and interpretation of their life stories I point at further processing and introduction of such a research to the wide and expert public. I believe in the premise that personal testimonies of narrators represent a contribution to understanding "small history and its human aspect - here dealing with the Czechoslovak political persecution in 1950s. I also describe the evolution of my research project which I managed to enlarge and link to other academic work of my PhD. colleagues. Like this I hope to give birth to a (hopefully) unique multidisciplinary project which...
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The transformation of the "Sanftes Gesetz" by Stifter from "Studien" to "Der Nachsommer"
Balcarová, Markéta ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
In my thesis, I focused on Adalbert Stifter's concept of nature and explored how he develops it, from his early collection of short stories Studies (Studien) to his later collection Colorful Stones (Bunte Steine) and finally in his novel entitled Indian Summer (Der Nachsommer). I also worked on identifying to what degree it was influenced by "the gentle law" (das sanfte Gesetz) , formulated in the Preface (Vorrede) to Colorful Stones. In my introduction, I attempted a summary of the Biedermeier characteristics present in Stifter's work. In addition, I touched on the traits of previous or emerging literary movements that heavily influenced Stifter, whose work is generally considered as typical of the Biedermeier movement. In order to forge links between "the gentle law" and the prose chosen for analysis, I also addressed the Preface to Colorful Stones, where "the gentle law" is conceptualised. Using the examples "big" (groß), "small" (klein) and "gentle" (sanft), I established that there is already an anticipation of "the gentle law" in Studies and that the principles of "the gentle law" can also be found in his later novel, Indian Summer. The chapter in which I follow the development of Stifter's nature concept constitutes the principal part of my thesis. I distinguish between five concepts of nature, so as...
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Raman optical activity and conformation of structurally important groups in peptides and proteins
Kubáňová, Markéta ; Baumruk, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kapitán, Josef (referee)
Raman optical activity (ROA) represents a modern spectroscopic technique that can be applied to a wide range of chiral molecules starting from small organic molecules up to complex biomolecular systems. Among other things ROA provides information about solution structure of peptides and proteins. The aim of the thesis was to determine the relationship between three-dimensional structure and Raman optical activity of disulphide and amide groups in peptides. Characteristic band patterns of the polyproline II conformation (left-handed 31-helix) were found in the ROA spectra of poly(Pro-Gly-Pro), oxytocin and hinge peptide linked to the antigen sequence. ROA signal in the S-S and C-S stretching region was observed in ROA spectra of model cyclodextrin compounds connected with disulphide bonds. Positive ROA band in the S-S stretching region was found in the ROA spectrum of oxytocin (the peptide with one S-S bridge). According to the theoretical studies of model disulphides, positive ROA signal in this region indicates positive dihedral angle C- S-S-C. This result is in agreement with the crystal structure. We have also worked on extension of ROA measurements to the hydrogen stretching region (2500-3200 cm-1).
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A dream shared: community and politics in selected 19th and 20th century American utopias
Kounovská, Kateřina ; Robbins, David Lee (referee) ; Veselá, Pavla (advisor)
The tendency to dream of a better tomorrow, a better society and a better world had existed long before utopian writing was defined by Sir. Thomas More in 1516. Utopian ideas are present all throughout history, from Greek and Roman literature, myths and mythology, various festivals or the "Cokaygne" utopias to religious paradise, the belief in infinite progress, utopian science fiction and finally the modern western utopia. This thesis will focus on four selected American literary utopias: Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward: 2000-1887, Jack London's Iron Heel, Ernest Callenbach's Ecotopia and Marge Piercy's Woman on the Edge of Time. It seeks to analyze the social notions inherent in the four ideal utopian societies portrayed in these novels, the suggested process of social and historical change leading up to them and to note the development of selected social issues in the nineteenth and the twentieth century through the discussion of these works. The introduction will begin with a brief discussion of the background of utopian writing, include arguments for perceiving the institution of an artist as a cultural force, as well as include the historical and cultural background necessary for the discussion of the novels. Chapters two to five will deal with the proposed literature in a more concrete manner,...
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Rights of a child under the competence of bodies responsible for social and legal protection of children
Sabolová, Zuzana ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee)
70 Resumé In my thesis named " Rights of a child within the scope of the social-legal child protection authorities" I tried to focus on the activity of different entities relating to the social-legal protection of children. I have chosen this theme because I think this problem is very important and each advanced society should protect and take care of children as they can't take care of themselves. The thesis provides an initial introduction to the statutory regulations relating to the social-legal protection of children, which are primarily set out in Act No. 359/1999 Sb., on social-legal protection of children. In the present work I offer a brief overview of the most important child protection institutes, with focusing on the specific activity of the public authorities and the private entities operating in this area. My thesis is conceptually devided into seven, logically linked chapters in which I am trying to demonstrate the protection of children. In the first chapter there is a brief overview of the historical evolution of the social-legal protection of children, then, in the second chapter I am mentioning the most important law sources relating to the delineated issue. In the third chapter I tried to define the family as a basic social cell and its importance for children. The fourth and the fifth...
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Quality of the life in patients with chronic renal failure treated by haemodialysis during exercise intervention period
Novotná, Lenka ; Chalupová, Eva (referee) ; Mahrová, Andrea (advisor)
Title: Quality of the life in patients with chronic renal failure treated by haemodialysis during exercise intervention period. Introduction: Quality of life has become very discussed idea also in medicine in last ten years. The life of man is prolonged owing to the modern medicine. It does not go on to live at longest, but the most quality too. WHO advances a definition: "quality of life presents an individual relation of man to his own life goals, expectation value systems and interests in cultural, social and environmental context". In spite of it does not exist a definition, which is accepted in general. In present the study of quality of life presents the searching and identification of factors which add a good and meaningful life, the sense of a human happiness and a research of their mutual relations. Aim: To evaluate six months period of a regular exercise program on quality of patient's life with chronic renal failure. Methods: We studied a composite group of hemodialysis patients from three dialysis centres in Prague, Karlovy Vary and Pardubice. There were measured 46 patients in a mean age 64,3 ± 13,9 years. The assessment of quality of life was performed twice, before and after six months of regular exercise program. The questionnaires WHOQOL- BREF and KDQOL including generic part SF-36...
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The meanings of the final myth in Plato's Phaedo
Arnošt, Daniel ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Milko, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is studying the final myth in terms of Plato's dialog Phaedo. Author's intention is to prove the myth' s sense and meaning in connexion with the arguments for the soul's immortality witch shape the main part of the dialogue and the part of Plató's so called dialectic methods. The introduction part deals with the question whether (any?) dialectic reasoning can be sufficient for such a weightily topic which is the soul's existence after death. The text itself is divided into two parts. The first section should serve as the clarification of the Plato's dialectic method and therefore the author draws his attention to the four argument s for proving the soul's immortality. The second section is dedicated to the final myth witch comprises of the excourse on concerning the pre-platonic eschatological conception as well as the interpretation of the final myth itself. In the closing part of the thesis the author's aim is to prove that the role of the myth is consoling (it relieves the anxiety about death) together with the awareness that in Plató's context the myth is necessary for linking to the insufficient function of the dialectic method.
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The Legacy of the Japanese Pacific Empire within the Cold War
Janáková, Barbora ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
From the early twentieth century, Japan has been central to any conception of the Asia-Pacific as a region. In the build-up to and during the Pacific War this found expression primarily in the abortive attempt to impose an economic empire by force. After 1945 Japan emerged as the most dynamic economic centre of the region within a strategic and economic order established by the United States. The idea of a 'Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere', an attempt to legitimize the Japanese military and political drive for supreme regional power over all the Asia-Pacific in the 1930s and the early 1940s, was launched in early 1941, and signalled Japan's further expansion to the south after the capture of Indochina. Apart from the military and geopolitical aspects of Japanese territorial expansion southwards, the creation of a regional sphere under Japanese supremacy was intimately linked to Japan's growing need for raw materials following the rapid industrialization in the Meiji and Taishō eras. The 'Co-Prosperity Sphere' may be said to have been the first modern attempt to create regional political and economic integration in the Asia-Pacific. It is noteworthy that the geographical extension of the 'Co-Prosperity Sphere' in the early 1940s comprised almost exactly the same region as the Japanese economy came to...
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Investiční rozhodování v IT a ROI jako prostředek měření přínosů ITSM pro business
Zakharenkava, Sviatlana ; Voříšek, Jiří (advisor) ; Tolar, Jan (referee)
The Diploma Thesis is dealing with questions of investment decision-making in the area of IT and can be a complete guidance on the basic concepts of decision-making on the investment projects, methods of financial evaluation of such projects and the ways of its application in the sphere of IT. It is mainly aimed on the projects dealing with internal processes in IT organizations and optimalization of its management ? IT Service Management (ITSM). The paper deals with existing methodologies and standards applicable to IT Service Management and closely works with the latest library of best practices ITIL V3. The introduction gets the reader into the basics of the IT management, introduces the existent market standards and creates a liaison between the IT and business in questions of investments. The second part pays attention to the principles of ITSM and describes the benefits that can process optimalization bring to the company. The third chapter opens up the IT investment topic and introduces various methodological concepts and models used not only in the classical financial theory, but in the modern management practice as well. It offers a basic overview on the methods of investment project evaluation, e.g. Net Present Value (NPV), The Payback Period Method, The Internal Rate of Return (IRR), The Profitability Index, and the most popular one ? Return on Investment (ROI). The following chapter applies the measure of Return on Investment (ROI) to the projects of ITSM implementation according to ITIL. It shows the basic principles of the method usage, describes its main components and introduces the way of identification and evaluation of the benefits, which those projects bring to the business. Gained knowledge is based on the real practical examples ? several worked-out business cases created for the customers of the Hewlett-Packard Company. The last part of this chapter shortly describes several software tools for building the similar business cases and their own methodology. The last chapter in devoted to the situation on the local and world market and addresses the practical application of the methods of IT projects evaluation in the companies. The conclusion then summarizes important parts and key elements of the paper.
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From machine to icon:car in popculture from the 60s
Rybář, Václav ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
An automobile is one of the most important phenomenons of modern technology. Since its origins, it has profoundly shaped our physical, economic, politic, social, cultural and media habitat. The objective of this Master thesis is to analyze the evolution of the role of the car in the popculture from the 60s onwards and its dimensions, with a primary focus on Anglosaxon culture, with excursions to Asia and continental Europe, primarily Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic. The core foundation of the thesis lies in the analysis of the popcultural genres, selected films, TV series, computer games and comic books. The main purpose of the thesis is to reflect upon the identity and conceptual shifts of car, going from a mere transport machine through a vehicle of product placement towards the concept of the icon, a narrative hero of popculture. The hypothesis to verify is that the car has become an essential part of the popculture itself, reflected in many various dimensions: car as a toy, car as a friend, car as a status symbol, car as a narrative extension of the hero and finally, car as a hero and subject. The thesis is divided into five separate chapters, all including case studies. Following an introduction summarizing cultural, economic and historic factors of the car industry, the first chapter describes...
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