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Estimation of critical values for crack initiation from sharp V-notches
Náhlík, Luboš ; Štegnerová, Kateřina ; Hutař, Pavel
Abstract: The aim of the paper is to estimate a critical value of an applied stress for a crack initiation from sharp tip of the V-notch using a procedure based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LELM). The V-notch represents singular stress concentrator with the stress singularity exponent different from 0.5, therefore the generalized form of LELM for stress distribution description in the vicinity of the sharp V-notch was used. The stress singularity exponent depends on the V-notch opening angle, in general. A stability criterion based on the average value of the tangential stress component across a critical distance d from the V-notch tip is used in the paper. Resultant values of the critical applied stress are compared with experimental data.
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The Founders of Post-Keynesianism and the Concept of Reswitching
Kraffer, Robin ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Chytilová, Helena (referee)
The thesis deals with the evolution of thoughts of Joan Robinson's, Nicholas Kaldor's, Piero Sraffa's and Luigi Pasinetti's with regards to the issue of reswitching. Discussing Robinson, Kaldor, and Sraffa, it addresses the importance of the discussion on imperfect competition and Keynes's theory for developing their opinions within the capital theory. This issue was challenged in the 50s by Robinson who asked how capital can be measured. She discovered an option of reswitching to a more capital-using technique during a wage increase, but she did not focus on it very much. The thesis also seeks the importance of Sraffa's solution to the invariant standard of value for developing the debate on reswitching the technologies in the 60s, which was joined by both Pasinetti and Robinson. However, Robinson refused again in the 70s to deem the reswitching important within the critique of the neoclassical theory, and thus joined Kaldor who had voiced similar thoughts. At the end of the thesis, the question of Robinson underestimating the importance of reswitching, as pronounced by Pasinetti, is answered - she underestimated it in the 50s, whereas it is impossible to give a clear answer when it comes to the 70s, despite the differences found among Post-Keynesians and Neo-Ricardians.
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The value of life from macroenomic point of view in United States of America, Czech republic and Russia between years 2007-2014
Antoš, Michal ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Brabec, Petr (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is the research of the value of life calculation in the Czech republic, United states of America and Russia in 2007-2014.The main purpose is to analyze and compare values of life and major factors influencing them. The hypothesis is that value of life differs in selected countries due to distinctions of sections influencing them. The theoretical part is devoted to sections directly or indirectly influencing values of life, and then analyzing and comparing them together within the selected countries. The selected sections are education, health care, labor market, inequality and living standards. The practical thesis approach is to calculate the values of life for the individual states. The values of life are calculated for so called, representative individual, who is 40-years old citizen of selected country. In the period, in which is the value of life calculated, the retirement age and life expectancy are also considered in formula. Calculated values are examined and the economic and political measures are offered to the states, which can turn into significant increases in the value of life in future.
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Application of the Balanced Scorecard in the company ELLA-CS
Cwierz, Jan ; Neumaierová, Inka (advisor) ; Beneš, Oldřich (referee)
Balanced Scorecard belongs to the most prominent managerial tools for performance measurement and strategy management. Aim of this thesis is to describe BSC with emphasis to small and medium enterprises using literature review. Additional supporting tools for strategy formulation are included as well. BSC is then proposed for implementation in privately owned small enterprise in the sector of medical devices. Based on the thorough analysis of the company and its environmental factors operational and strategical performance gaps are identified. Such gaps are then addressed by means of BSC including financial, customer, internal processes and learning and growth perspective. Despite some limitations inherent to SMEs in general introduction of BSC is feasible and could be of value to all company stakeholders.
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Analysis of success factors of the company
Nguyen Hai, Phong ; Neumaierová, Inka (advisor) ; Petrůj, Šimon (referee)
The main goal of the thesis is to analyze a business project TamTam. The partial aim is to confirm respectively to refut the presumptions that were set by the co-founders of the project. Another goal is to evaluate the feasibility of the current strategic plan. If the current strategic plan shows to be unfeasible, an alternative strategic plan with a different business model will be proposed. The theoretical part describes the methods which are used in the practical part. The practical part analyzes the market with Vietnamese entrepreneurs. The companys financial position will also be evaluated with suggestions for improvement. In the last chapter, an alternative strategic plan is drafted and recommended. Analytical conclusion of the alternative strategic plan is measured against ROE, EVA, net present value and SWOT analysis.
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The Value of CSR for Czech Consumers
Faradji, Elise ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Seror, Patricia (referee)
Nowadays consumers purchasing behavior is influenced by new factors such as the social and environmental implication of companies. This is why Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a growing trend which companies need to look after carefully. However implementing an efficient CSR strategy is a complex process for corporations; especially since the core concept of CSR remain quite blurry. The goal of this study is to analyze the perception of consumers towards CSR to find out about the value creation that CSR produce for consumers and its impact on their purchasing behavior. This paper will ultimately help companies to implement their CSR strategy more efficiently. This study aims to contribute by conducting an in-depth analysis of consumers attitudes and behavior towards CSR. If most of researchers are using a quantitative approach this study means to deal with the issue with a qualitative perspective. Indeed twelve semi-structured interviews will support the findings. On top of those practical and physical interviews some theoretical knowledge will be added to the construction of the argument especially to bring a framework that shows the importance of all types of value creation (functional emotional and social). The findings of the thesis emphasize the facts already proven by other researchers; value creation is fundamental to make consumers care about CSR. However the study will show how much skepticism towards CSR can impact negatively consumers purchasing behavior. The research will help companies implementing more successful CSR strategy and develop new solutions to reach customers and influence their purchasing behavior through the creation of value for them.
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Global value chains in the coffee industry focused on Vietnam
Klumparová, Adéla ; Vlčková, Jana (advisor) ; Hnát, Pavel (referee)
Aim of this diploma thesis is to describe functioning of global coffee value chains and this knowledge then apply to the coffee industry in Vietnam which serves as a case study. The introductory chapter focuses firstly on institutional background of value chains, processes and management processes used in the agricultural industry. The thesis also contains analysis of global coffee value chain, including the identification of entities engaged in the chain and their contribution to the creation of added value. Next chapter describes the development of the world coffee market and production of the world's major producers and exporters of coffee. The thesis also deals with the topic of economic and social sustainability and the impact of global value chains on the environment. Final part of the thesis concentrates on the position of the coffee industry in Vietnam, its structure and development over the past 40 years. Attention is paid also to a problematic position of small growers or to the opportunities of the development of the local coffee industry.
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Clustering and regression analysis of micro panel data
Sobíšek, Lukáš ; Pecáková, Iva (advisor) ; Komárek, Arnošt (referee) ; Brabec, Marek (referee)
The main purpose of panel studies is to analyze changes in values of studied variables over time. In micro panel research, a large number of elements are periodically observed within the relatively short time period of just a few years. Moreover, the number of repeated measurements is small. This dissertation deals with contemporary approaches to the regression and the clustering analysis of micro panel data. One of the approaches to the micro panel analysis is to use multivariate statistical models originally designed for crosssectional data and modify them in order to take into account the within-subject correlation. The thesis summarizes available tools for the regression analysis of micro panel data. The known and currently used linear mixed effects models for a normally distributed dependent variable are recapitulated. Besides that, new approaches for analysis of a response variable with other than normal distribution are presented. These approaches include the generalized marginal linear model, the generalized linear mixed effects model and the Bayesian modelling approach. In addition to describing the aforementioned models, the paper also includes a brief overview of their implementation in the R software. The difficulty with the regression models adjusted for micro panel data is the ambiguity of their parameters estimation. This thesis proposes a way to improve the estimations through the cluster analysis. For this reason, the thesis also contains a description of methods of the cluster analysis of micro panel data. Because supply of the methods is limited, the main goal of this paper is to devise its own two-step approach for clustering micro panel data. In the first step, the panel data are transformed into a static form using a set of proposed characteristics of dynamics. These characteristics represent different features of time course of the observed variables. In the second step, the elements are clustered by conventional spatial clustering techniques (agglomerative clustering and the C-means partitioning). The clustering is based on a dissimilarity matrix of the values of clustering variables calculated in the first step. Another goal of this paper is to find out whether the suggested procedure leads to an improvement in quality of the regression models for this type of data. By means of a simulation study, the procedure drafted herein is compared to the procedure applied in the kml package of the R software, as well as to the clustering characteristics proposed by Urso (2004). The simulation study demonstrated better results of the proposed combination of clustering variables as compared to the other combinations currently used. A corresponding script written in the R-language represents another benefit of this paper. It is available on the attached CD and it can be used for analyses of readers own micro panel data.
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Plan for improvement of internet marketing of chosen engineering company
Pokorný, Zdeněk ; Hinčica, Vít (advisor) ; Olšanová, Květa (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the contemporary usage of internet marketing by company POKORNY, spol. s r. o. and at the same time to suggest its possible further development. Within contemporary usage of internet marketing is analysed company's website on the basis of its overall quality, content and its statistical values. In connection to company's website is subsequently analysed its optimization for search engines as well. Furthermore the thesis analyse usage of 2 social networks, which are Facebook and LinkedIn. Afterwards the thesis suggest possible further development of company's internet marketing which includes recommendation to eliminate discovered current deficiencies and suggestions to start using new available tools. The result of these recommendations should be better competitiveness of the company.
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Diversity and intercultural aspects of the functioning of a company
Tetenková, Pavla ; Filipová, Alena (advisor) ; Zeman, Jiří (referee)
The thesis concentrates on culture, its levels and characteristics, including business culture. The first part focuses on cultural diversity and management of diversity in business culture, with emphasis on the related incorrect tendencies, caused by various culturally conditioned biases. The following part considers different aspects of intercultural communication, its possible barriers and the question of intercultural training. The practical part analyses an existing multinational corporation, particularly with regards to its corporate values, practices, corporate diversity and intercultural training. Furthermore, this part is complemented with a study of the culturally conditioned difficulties within the company, the influence of existing cultural differences on employee communication and cooperation, as well as on intercultural training. The outcome of the study are recommendations, which serve as a base for potential modifications of the corresponding company processes.
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