| |
|
Reversed discrimination in the Community contexts
Macháčková, Gabriela ; Zemánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Král, Richard (referee)
Reverse Discrimination in the Community Law Context Gabriela Machačkova The final thesis discusses the issue of reverse discrimination, which arises when nationals/products of a Member State are disadvantaged because they are subject to a national regulatory measure, while foreign (EU) nationals/products are protected from that national measure by virtue of European Community (EC) law. It examines the question of scope of EC Law, specifically focusing on the extent to which nationals of a Member State who have never exercised their Community rights can claim their rights by applying the Treaty establishing the European Community. It addresses the question of extension of the scope of EC law to cover purely internal situations in which no inter-State element is present, and to which the fundamental freedoms (free movement of goods, services, persons and capital) do not apply. First, it reviews the development of European Court of Justice case-law on reverse discrimination and situations which can be regarded as purely internal. The time frame discussed in the thesis ranges from the late 1970s until the present. Reverse discrimination and purely internal situations are analysed in terms of the examples of the Court's jurisprudence. Secondly, as Union Citizenship has been introduced by the Maastricht Treaty,...
|
|
Analysis of real and nominal convergence of the Visegrad Group in the years 2000-2015
Wikturna, Jan ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Zamrazilová, Eva (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is focused on a macroeconomic analysis of the process of the real and nominal convergence of the Visegrad Group countries to the old member states of the European Union, called EU-15 during the period of 2000-2015. The objective of the analysis is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that in the selected period there is a convergence of the economically backward V4 countries with the advanced EU-15 countries and to highlight the factors that are behind the narrowing of the gap in economics and price levels. The theoretical part deals with the ways in which we measure and compare the economic performance and economic level, and explains the different approaches of the problem of economic growth and the subsequent catching up effect. The practical part is focused on a comparison of elected macroeconomic indicators and reference is made to the selected factors to determine whether, and for what reasons, the economic convergence of these selected countries made towards the developed countries of the EU-15. The analytical part confirms the ongoing process of the real and nominal convergence throughout the period, but its course is varied during different times of the period. In conclusion, it is found that the rate varied by the convergence processes and in fact positively affected the V4 countries, that joined the European Union. The incoming dynamics of the convergence, especially the prices, were significantly disrupted by the economic crisis.
|
|
Silniční přeprava pohonných látek
Skopalová, Lenka ; Novák, Radek (advisor) ; Mervart, Michal (referee)
The thesis is concerned with road transportation of fuel. In theoretical part there are described the legal clauses that are related to this issue. The most detailed regulations can be found in the European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (so called Agreement ADR). Hence the biggest part of the theoretical section is devoted to these regulations. Instructions for transportation of diesel and petrol have been chosen from this international agreement and explained. Practical part deals with particular carrier of fuel - company Petrotrans s.r.o. Standard of service is compared according to several different customers, established demands on safety of fuel transportation are decribed and security of consumption tax in international fuel transportation is analysed.
|
|
Squeeze-out of minority shareholders under s. 183i and subs. of the Commercial Code
Baier, Jaroslav ; Štenglová, Ivanka (referee) ; Čech, Petr (advisor)
Resumé The purpose of my thesis named "Squeeze-out of minority shareholders according to § 183i et. seq. of the Commercial Code" is to bring a coherent insight at the chosen problems of share deprivation belonging to minority shareholders in the Czech joint-stock companies. Despite its relative recency (in the Czech law effective since 2005), the institute of squeeze- out has become notorious for lack of legislative quality, vast exploitation possibilities at the hands of the majority shareholder and for low respect paid to interests of small shareholders. Probably nobody would doubt an economical impact of the squeeze-out itself, but the Czech version evokes them. These doubts might be particularly seen in difficulties dealing with judicial review of the amount of compensation paid for the squeezed shares and subjectivity of the experts' estimation of shares value. In my thesis, I have focused primarily on the disputable aspects of the squeeze-out, tried to perform a critical view and introduce solutions (in terms of de lege ferenda) for some of the problems that might be found in the context of this institute, particularly the topic of the Main shareholder, Monetary compensation and chosen decision of the Czech High Court. This thesis is composed of nine chapters, summing up the institute from its...
|
|
The Conclusion of a Contract under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods in Comparison with Czech National Legislation
Krčálová, Kristýna ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Levý, Jan (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), better known as the Vienna Convention. The main purpose of this thesis is to evaluate conditions for application of this international treaty and to assess the contracting process under the CISG including the similarities and differences with the Czech national legislation. Finally, it seeks an answer to the question, which of these rules (international or national) are more advantageous for a Czech contractual party with respect to concluding a contract. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first one represents an introduction to the CISG, its origin and the Czech Republic's attitude to it. The second part identifies the conditions for application of the CISG and therefore defines a subject and an object of an international contract of sale under the CISG. Both third and fourth parts gradually introduce two phases of the contracting process (offer and acceptance) including the relevant case-law. The last chapter strives to complete the contracting process with an analysis of the exact moment, when a contract is concluded, as well as with an analysis of a potential battle of the forms and its impact on a contract conclusion.
|
|
The position of women and "women question" in late Victorian and Edwardian society
Tumis, Stanislav ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee) ; Halada, Jan (referee)
The position of women in British society at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was influenced by the traditional conservative ideas which allocated their place in "private (domestic) sphere"; these views continued to have in Britain considerable influence and they were moreover supported by the new ideologies of social darwinism, social maternalism or eugenics. At the same time the influence of representatives of liberal, democratic ideas, the so called new people advocating women emancipation in all spheres of life largely grew. It is not possible to perceive the end of Victorian and Edwardian era as a period in which the modern ideas on women position in society succeeded; on the contrary old conservative concepts though often in new context and another "more moderate" version had the support of the majority of British society, including women. The main reason why the feminists failed to enforce their radical claims at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries lied in the fact that women movement was confined largely to the liberal elites of middle classes and failed to obtain wider support.
|
|
Fado in the context of the city Lisbon
Kuhnová, Kristýna ; Matějů, Martin (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor)
The thesis focuses on the Lisbon cultural phenomenon of the traditional urban music, fado, with an emphasis on its professional practice. The paper informs about different cultural/historical approaches to the origins and evolution of fado music in the city of Lisbon, stressing the point of view of the Portuguese musicologist Rui Vieira Nery. It then moves on to explain the impact of dictatorship and later Salazar's fascist regime on the professionalization of fado during the years 1926 - 1974, which entailed a radical change of status of a fadista artist, who was abruptly separated from the original popular practise of fado. The next chapter focuses on the history of specific places of professional fado performance called fado houses, which emerged during the 1930s. The theoretical knowledge of the chapters "History of Fado Music", "Professionalization of Fado Music" and "History of Fado Houses" unites in a case study of a fado house called Mesa de Frades in the historical quarter of Lisbon - Alfama. The case study is based on a two-month field research in the city of Lisbon and aims at fado as a performance genre involving performers and audience in a communicative process using verbal, musical, facial and bodily expression. It includes observation of the musical roles of fado performers and their mode of...
|
|
Navigation of mobile robots
Rozman, Jaroslav ; Matoušek,, Václav (referee) ; Šolc, František (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
Mobile robotics has been very discussed and wide spread topic recently. This due to the development in the computer technology that allows us to create better and more sophisticated robots. The goal of this effort is to create robots that will be able to autonomously move in the chosen environment. To achieve this goal, it is necessary for the robot to create the map of its environment, where the motion planning will occur. Nowadays, the probabilistic algorithms based on the SLAM algorithm are considered standard in the mapping in these times. This Phd. thesis deals with the proposal of the motion planning of the robot with stereocamera placed on the pan-and-tilt unit. The motion planning is designed with regard to the use of algorithms, which will look for the significant features in the pair of the images. With the use of the triangulation the map, or a model will be created. The benefits of this work can be divided into three parts. In the first one the way of marking the free area, where the robot will plan its motion, is described. The second part describes the motion planning of the robot in this free area. It takes into account the properties of the SLAM algorithm and it tries to plan the exploration in order to create the most precise map. The motion of the pan-and-tilt unit is described in the third part. It takes advantage of the fact that the robot can observe places that are in the different directions than the robot moves. This allows us to observe much bigger space without losing the information about the precision of the movements.
|
|
The women writers of Tornio valley
Slobodová, Petra ; Velkoborsky, Jan Petr (referee) ; Lindroosová, Hilkka (advisor)
This Master thesis is focused on the womenwriters of Tornio Valley in Finland (Tornionlaakso in Finnish) and their works. The beginning of thesis is to represent main points and aspects of history and culture of this area. Also the period of the Finnish War was mentioned. As one of results of this war, the eastern provinces of Sweden were established as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland within Imperial Russia in 1809. The new Swedish-Russian borderline appeared to be in Tornio Valley dividing these lands to the Finnish and Swedish parts: Tornio Valley and Swedish Tornedalen. But regarding the language and culture these two parts mostly are taken as one province, though the main goal of this work is to represent condition of culture and literature there as well. Local language is also a point of interest. Despite the fact of separation, on both banks of the Tornio River the local dialect of Finnish language - so-called "Tornio Valley Finnish", also known as meänkieli (lit. our language) - was kept. In Sweden it is assumed to be a separated language, whereas for Finns it's a dialect. Also a church movement - pietism - is mentioned in this work, as a significant phenomena of local and all-Finnish spiritual culture, described by Tornio Valley authors.
|
guest ::
