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Pakistan: Key Factor for American Involvement in Afghanistan (during presidency of George W. Bush)
Snášel, Filip ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
American relations with Pakistan went through various ups and downs from being allied during the Cold war to imposing sanctions in last decade of the twentieth century. After 9/11 attack on World Trade Center and Pentagon Pakistan quickly joined the United States in the War on Terror. In my thesis I analyze positions and influence of Pakistan during invasion to Afghanistan. and seven next years of the Operation Enduging Freedom during George W. Bush administration. At first I concentrate on historical experience of Pakistan and development in the area before american invasion to Afghanistan. I also surveying terrorist movements on Pakistani soil, which are important for later development and are connected to Pakistani secret service ISI. ISI tried some years after 2001 to maintain friendly relations with Taliban and other terrorist groups along Afghan - Pakistan border, but terrorists, basically anti-system movements, wanted to establish in Pakistan and Afghanistan states constituted as Islamic emirates. President Musharraf under pressure of forthcoming events and the United States understood that supporting Taliban is no longer sustainable policy and decided to act against terrorist groups home in Pakistan. This move however triggered suicide bombings and massive uprising which hit in 2006/2007...
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The phenomenon of refugees in the Syrian civil war
Durdisová, Marcela ; Lisa, Aleš (advisor) ; Prorok, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis deals with the current issue of refugees on the background of the Syrian civil war and its consequences for stability in the region. With regard to the fact that the crisis in Syria is felt throughout the entire Middle East region, the aim of this work is to map the impact of the conflict on neighboring countries of Syria. Based on the hypothesis, the effects of civil war and refugee phenomenon destabilize the whole region; therefore, my research question concerns political and social implications of the Syrian crisis in Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey. The work also reveals the vulnerability of these countries, which find themselves in a dangerous situation resulting from the Syrian events. In terms of methodology, this work uses a variety of methods. My research relies especially on the methods of research, description, comparison, analysis and synthesis, historical method and interview method as well. Based on these methods, I will answer the research question through a wide range of impacts, covering security, political, social, ethnic, and economic issues of the analyzed countries.
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Reconciling with Nazi past and the Greek-German relations
Králová, Kateřina ; Pešek, Jiří (advisor) ; Hladký, Ladislav (referee) ; Kaiserová, Kristina (referee)
The doctoral thesis Reconciling with Nazi Past and the Greek-German Relations is a historical study of the Greek-German relations in the Cold War era and after the reunification of Germany. Its main objective is to bring new insights into the topic of the legacy of Nazi occupation in Greece, with a particular focus on the prosecution of Nazi perpetrators and the related crime compensation for civilian victims. These problems are examined from a political, socio-cultural, economic as well as legal perspective.
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Cyprus in a new security environment
Matúš, Rudolf ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
Diploma thesis "Cyprus in a New Security Environment" deals with security perception in The Republic of Cyprus in the aftermath of the Cold War. It brings a closer look at the new security patterns that developed after the fall of the Iron curtain and introduces the typology of states in international relations, security sectors and the threats associated as well as referent objects of security in the post-Cold War setting. Cyprus, its history, current political and economic situation provides the basis of the study for categorization of Cyprus on the basis of Srensen's typology and Copenhagen school's view of security studies. Thesis classifies Cyprus as a specific example of country with outward features and security dilemma of the postmodern state. However it is rather difficult to categorize it in Srensen's typology of states because of unresolved dispute and its impact on Cyprus' security environment. Copenhagen school provides a framework for examination of Cyprus security environment in accordance with five security sectors (military, political, societal, economic, environmental) and the thesis finds the conclusion that island is threatened in each security sector portrayed. The Republic of Cyprus falls within each of these sectors mainly because of the unresolved dispute between the community of...
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From defense alliance to security management: neoliberal institutionalism and NATO's transformation
Suchardová, Hana ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
Changing environment of international relations, changing conflicts character, and new threats and risks influence North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and its role in international system. Clear structure of international system ended with end of bipolar division of Cold War. Unclear political equilibrium brought the question of future of NATO. Political concept that was used during Cold war was not sufficient and the Alliance stated again in front of transformation needs. Also during the Cold War the role of national security had been changing. Subject of this research is character of transformation of NATO and its adherence to theoretical premises of neoliberal institutionalism. International institutions are often subject of research in international relations. This thesis reacts on the deficiency of interest about changes and survival of institutions in literature. The thesis works with the theory of Robert O. Keohane that is rooted in the end of the Cold War but has been modified by further author's works. After basic analysis three variables were identified. These are three transformation areas - institutional development, and mission conduct. On the base of theoretical approach analysis three independent variables were added. These were - level of institutionalization, character of...
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On Dynamics of "New Wars": Clausewitzian Analysis of Factors Related to Dynamics of Armed Conflicts in Post-Communist Area
Kučera, Tomáš ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
Armed conflict that occurred after the end of the Cold War in the territory of former Yugoslavia and Soviet Union belong to the so cold phenomenon of new wars. New wars are said to differ from the old ones in its aims, methods of warfare, and in ways how they are iv financed. In spite of these supposed changes in fundamental character of war, a conflict dynamics - defined by intensity, rapidity of escalation, and conflict duration - of armed conflicts in post-communist area corresponds with classic notion of war, as it was described by Carl von Clausewitz. According to the theory based on Clausewitz's work conflict course can be seen as a resultant of three forces - group hostility, ability to build up and maintain military organisation, and rationality of political leadership. Group hostility works as driving power toward very escalated and long-lasting armed conflict and political leadership that realises aim of the war and its consequences for political relations in the aftermath works as a counterforce to hostility and therefore attempt to maintain intensity of violence within limits drawn by political aims. Without quick build up of a military organisation there cannot be supposed a rapid conflict escalation at the beginning of an armed conflict. The resultant of all the three forces, which reach in...
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Charles University - Faculty of Arts, in comparison with universities in Brno and Olomouc in the turbulent years 1947 - 1950
Zubec, Tomáš ; Svatoš, Michal (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee)
Résumé This thesis examines the situation at three Czech universities in 1947 - 1950, Charles University in Prague, Masaryk University in Brno and Palacky University in Olomouc. To have an event around February 1948 to describe and then compare, it was necessary to go back to the time shortly after the Second World War, as the post-war development has undoubtedly influence on events in the following period. After the war the University had to deal with personnel and material losses. Many professors on their teaching and research space not returned, many of them died under the Nazi terror. Dismal state of buildings, which were mainly bombing explosions or other damage, especially to address Masaryk University, Brno. Directly after the war dealt University in Prague and Brno employee personnel cleansing of collaborators and people otherwise guilty against the state and national honor. Most affected was the Brno University. Another problem occurred when an enormous interest among young people in the study, due to the closure of Czech universities by the Nazis in the autumn of 1939 (in 1945). On the way to February 1948, were part of universities and student associations. Student element is often became the target of verbal indiscriminate attacks of some communist bosses, but up to February 1948 worked student...
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Do not throw stones at prophets or songsters are like birds. On the thought of artistic avant-garde in relation to the present
Neubert, Lukáš ; Ševčík, Oldřich (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor)
This thesis deals with the problem of the hypothetic disappearance of artistic avant-garde as a movement after the World War II. As far as the west block is concerned, the author shifts this disappearance up to the era of postmodernism and as for the east block, he describes its attenuation as a result of the witch-hunt associated with that particular regime (largely, it was Karel Teige's case) and its consequential transition to the underground. Following the artistic personalities of Vladimír Boudník and Egon Bondy, he illustrates continuation of the avant-garde ideas in our country for far longer than up to the end of the World War II. He proves the fact that these ideas continued in the West even after the World War II. by an example of Conference of Free Artists in Alba (Italy) and Situationist International, the activity of the latter still has not been much noted in our country.
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Soviet Policy in Latin America in the years 1917-1970: The Case of Chile
Zourek, Michal ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
The author of this thesis analyzes the dynamics of relations between the Soviet Union and Latin America, with particular attention given to the case of Chile. The paper is focused on the time period between 1917 and 1970, years which are marked by the Russian Revolution and the commencement of Salvador Allende's term in office as the President of Chile. The main axis of the thesis is connected with the genesis of the political left, especially Communism, as an extremely strong bond between these two distant regions. In the first part of the thesis, which focuses on the time period until 1948, the author addresses the Soviet Union's penetration into Latin America and at the same time talks about the development of the Communist Party in Chile at that time. The second part of the thesis analyzes post-war development in the region of Latin American and its relations with the Soviet Union in the light of the transformation of the Soviet Doctrine. The case of Chile exemplifies the Doctrine's particular impacts. The paper also takes notice of specific international factors, which have aided (the Russian Revolution, the politics of the Popular Front) or conversely hampered (US influence, the atmosphere of the Cold War) the penetration of the Soviet Union into the political life of Latin America and Chile.
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