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Diagnostics of laterality in preschool children
Horáčková, Adéla ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Musálek, Martin (referee)
Title: Diagnosis of Laterality in Preschool Children Objectives: The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to describe the issue of laterality, including its diagnosis by preschool children, and the aspects of the preschool age period. Methods: The thesis employs the method of systematic review. It involves the collection and examination of both Czech and foreign professional literature to create an overview of the current issues related to the topic. Results: The outcome of the bachelor's thesis is an overview of the possibilities for diagnosing laterality in preschool children. Conclusion: Diagnosing laterality in preschool children plays a crucial role in their development. It enables educators and parents to better direct educational activities and thus support the optimal development of motor skills, coordination, and cognitive functions. Respecting the individual laterality of children at this age is essential for their harmonious and full development. It is necessary to use objective tests in the diagnosis of laterality. Keywords: diagnosis of laterality, laterality, preschool age, children, types of laterality, kind of laterality, child development
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The design and construction of aids for the development of sensory functions and testing their usability in preschool children
Looney, Bernadeta ; Janatová, Markéta (advisor) ; Vondrová, Kateřina (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, Surname: Bernadeta Looney Thesis Supervisor: MUDr. Markéta Janatová Thesis consultant: Bc. Monika Šťastná Kohoutová Title: The Design and Construction of Aids for the Development of Sensory Functions and Testing Their Usability in Preschool Children Abstract: This thesis focused on the design and creation of aids for the development of sensory functions and then tested their usability in preschool children with various neurodevelopmental diagnoses. The first, theoretical part of the thesis briefly introduces the field of occupational therapy and the main goals of paediatric occupational therapy. It then focuses on the topic of play, summarizing the main theoretical perspectives on play and discussing the role of play in human development. The following subchapter describes play from the perspective of an occupational therapist, including ways of using play in therapy. Next the issue of sensory functions is addressed. The individual sensory systems, their role in individual development, and manifestations of their dysfunction are described. The main methods focused on the development of sensory perception used in occupational therapy are then introduced, primarily the Ayres Sensory Integration method and hippotherapy. In the practical part of the thesis, the design and...
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Comparison of school readiness levels of children from selected regular and speech and speech therapy kindergartens using the iSophi diagnostic tool.
Vičíková, Nikola ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Pavlová, Ilona (referee)
Title: Comparison of school readiness levels of children from selected regular and speech and speech therapy kindergartens using the iSophi diagnostic tool Objectives: The main aim of this study is to compare the areas of school readiness accessed by the iSophi test battery in children from selected kindergartens, namely two regular kindergartens and two speech therapy kindergartens in Prague. Methods: A total of 40 children aged 5-7 years (20 from a regular kindergarten, 20 from a speech therapy kindergarten) underwent an assessment of school readiness using the iSophi tool. The iSophi tool, developed by the STEP Educational Psychological Consultancy in 2019, includes 13 areas, some of which are tested on the spot by the examiner (e.g., graphomotor skills, pre-mathematical ideas, time orientation, etc.) and others by the teacher based on long- term evaluation (e.g., self-care, gross motor skills, social understanding, etc.). Data processing is done using the My iSophi digital extension and has a graphical form (linear graphs for individual skills and pie chart for overall evaluation). A purpose-designed anamnestic questionnaire for the probands' parents and an evaluation survey for the teachers were used to obtain complements. Results: On average, children attending regular kindergarten achieved a...
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Body posture in preschool children
Krbcová, Nikola ; Mahrová, Andrea (advisor) ; Majorová, Simona (referee)
Name: Posture in preschool children Objectives: The aim of the work is to investigate the effect of movement intervention on the posture of preschool children. Methods: The empirical work is designed as a one-group quasi-experiment. It is a qualitative research where the effect of an exercise program with elements of health exercises on the posture of preschool children was investigated. The participants were 6 children (4 girls, 2 boys) aged 5-6 years. The research was conducted at FUTURUM FAMILY and BENJAMINEK Kindergarten o.p.s. For the entrance and exit examinations, was used four different posture tests. Specifically, Matthias test, Thomayer test, Trendelenburg-Duchenne test and Jaroš / Lomíček posture test. Results: The results showed that in all methods was an improvement in posture in at least two probands. The greatest improvement occurred in the Thomayer test and in the Trendelenburg-Duchenne test, where five probands improved. Conclusion: The work pointed out the importance of prevention and correction of poor posture in children of preschool age. Keywords: Posture, preschool age, health physical education
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Current state of development of the longitudinal arch of the foot in Czech preschool children
Novák, Jakub ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Zemková, Daniela (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the current state of development of the longitudinal arch of the foot in Czech preschool children. The preschool age is characterized by the most intensive development of the longitudinal arch, and at the end of this period, its condition becomes fixed. The natural development of the longitudinal foot arch is influenced by a number of internal and external factors, including genetic predispositions such as age, gender, or body weight, as well as environmental and lifestyle factors such as footwear habits or level of physical activity. The trend of insufficient physical activity observed in the current population could negatively affect the development of the arch due to insufficient stimulation of its structures, thus having a lasting impact on the individual's quality of life. The results showed that children in our sample exhibited a higher prevalence of unformed foot arch compared to data from previous studies. Significant intersexual differences were observed in the dynamics of arch development. While there is a sharp increase in the proportion of formed arch among girls between 4 and 5 years old, this increase is gradual among boys. Furthermore, a significant relationship was demonstrated between the degree of arch formation and the first body...
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Use of myofunctional therapy in the speech therapy in preschool children
Kadlecová, Viktorie ; Horynová, Jana (advisor) ; Korandová, Zuzana (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the use of myofunctional therapy in speech therapy intervention in preschool children. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part of the thesis consists of three main chapters. The first chapter deals with the ontogenetic development of speech, language, and communication. The chapter introduces both the pre-speech stages of speech development and the stages of speech development, the linguistic planes are discussed in detail in terms of speech ontogeny. In the second chapter, we define impaired communicative competence and present its classification in terms of symptomatology and etiology. The chapter includes the most common types of disorders of speech development in children for whom we encounter the use of elements of myofunctional therapy. Special attention is paid to myofunctional disorders. The third chapter introduces diagnosis and techniques and the use of myofunctional therapy in speech therapy intervention. The practical part of the thesis is a qualitative research investigation. The main aim of the thesis was to identify and describe the possibilities of using myofunctional therapy in preschool children with communication disorders. Based on the main objective, sub- objectives and research questions...
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Gross motor skills in children with hearing impairment in preschool age
Vrtišková, Eliška ; Komorná, Marie (advisor) ; Kotvová, Miroslava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of gross motor skills in children with hearing impairment in preschool age. In order to understand the relationship between hearing impairment and gross motor skills, the first chapter describes the anatomy of the auditory organ. Hearing impairment, its division and compensation options are then defined. The second chapter characterizes motor skills and individual psychomotor development milestones with an emphasis on preschool age. The last chapter summarizes the findings of some foreign research dealing with this topic. The practical part provides data on the state of gross motor skills in children with hearing impairment. For this purpose, ten hearing-impaired probands underwent two different test batteries. The results of the first were compared with the expected age of task acquisition, and the results of the second were compared with the score of two control groups taken from two diploma theses. The obtained data showed a lower level of motor skills in children with hearing impairment compared to intact children. The findings are described in more detail in the discussion together with the answers to the research questions. KEYWORDS Gross motor skills, hearing impairment, balance, preschool age
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