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Virtues according to Pieper
Tomiczková, Hana ; Fošum, Jan (advisor) ; Jinek, Jakub (referee)
1 Bibliografická citace Ctnosti podle Piepera [rukopis]: bakalářská práce / Hana Tomiczková; vedoucí práce: MUDr. Jan Fošum, Dr. theol. -- Praha, 2022. -- 59 s. Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with the virtues and their concept of the 20th century German philosopher of Josef Pieper. This study question why the virtues are the basis of ethics and why they are necessary precondition for good life in the sense with full human being. The first part will describe in separate chapters the seven principal virtues, their principles and perception by Pieper. This is followed by a reflection of other authors both in history and contemporary. The final part of the work elaborate on what the virtues offer to the world today and how they can be attractive for a modern human. Keywords Virtues, prudence, justice, courage, temperance, faith, hope, love, beatitude.
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Justification and Limits of State Coercion in Liberal Democracies: Reconciling Binding Welfare State Policies and a Reformed Classical Liberalism
Wedekind, Peter ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Fiorctos, Karl Orfeo (referee) ; Simon, Stephen A. (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of Political Science Peter Wedekind Justification and Limits of State Coercion in Liberal Democracies: Reconciling Binding Welfare State Policies and a Reformed Classical Liberalism Dissertation Thesis Abstract - English Prague 2022 Abstract In this thesis I defend the claim that classical liberalism has the capacity to justify meritocratic state policies that promote greater equality of opportunity. Correspondingly, I adopt an approach uncommon among scholars following the tradition of classical liberalism, given that I conclude with a position that is more frequently associated with the postulates of social welfare egalitarians, such as publicly funded higher education. This strategy serves as a reply to contemporary critiques of liberal democracies and implies that liberalism is endowed with the tools to address the flaws its own (neoliberal) manifestation has brought about. Skyrocketing socio-economic inequalities as well as the marketization trend which, among other things, crowds-out the traditional values of higher education and corrupts a public institution crucial for social mobility into a privilege of plutocratic elites, are just two examples. To support this argument, I discuss several consecutive claims:...
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Mass media portrayal of Czech courts
Forejtová, Natálie ; Homolová, Pavla (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee)
This thesis focuses on the mass media portrayal of Czech courts in the context of the possible influence on the court's legitimacy and confidence. The research of portrayal is based on the analysis of Fagan's dimensions of legitimacy (effectiveness, distributive justice and procedural justice), court rulings and the overall view. The representation of sources of legitimacy rather corresponds to materialistic society - the most represented dimension in 2014 was the effectiveness, on the other hand, distributive justice was represented the least. Normative factors, namely procedural fairness, however, were not covered much. The portrayal in 2014 was, in terms of judicial rulings and the overall view, rather neutral but the sources of legitimacy were mostly negative. Differences were mainly found among mass media portrayal of the lower courts and higher courts and the differences correspond to different confidence in these institutions. I also studied the development since 1997, but besides the increasing interest of mass media in the courts, I have not found any other significant differences which could cause the rise of confidence in the courts. Mass media can also cause the difference in confidence in the courts of the left-wing and right-wing oriented people, because the journal Pravo has a slight...
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The budget of the Czech Softball Association focusing both on individual budgets and their fulfilling of each representation unit
Pecková, Veronika ; Šíma, Jan (advisor) ; Voráček, Josef (referee)
Title: The budget of the Czech Softball Association focusing both on individual budgets and their fulfilling of each representation unit Objectives: The key objective of this bachelor thesis is to determine the revenues and expenditures of the Czech Softball Association's (further off as ČSA) budget in time, respectively from year 2010 till 2017, and identifying trends in dividing the budget into individual national teams. The priority is to answer the questions asked by the CEO of the ČSA, Gabriel Waage. Methods: Methods of comparison were used in this thesis while comparing secondary data from separate annual budgets. After acquiring and analysing the resulting values, a structured interview with the CEO of the ČSA was done. Obtained information was thoroughly described in following discussion. Results: According to the results of the analysis and information gained from the interview with the CEO of Czech Softball Association, I've come up with some recommendations that could be reconsidered before creating new budgets for following periods. I've mainly focused on the concept of justice in the financial distribution into individual national teams and also on the adequacy of goals which are expected from them. Keywords: expenditures, revenues, justice, national team, softball
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The position of an ordeal within the system of medieval justice and the reasons for its use
Brázdová, Lucie ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
The main theme of this bachelor's work is the variety of potential explanations for the existence of ordeals (also known as a Judicium Dei) within the medieval justice system. First two chapters are dedicated to the definition of an ordeal as well as a short introduction into the historical context of an ordeal with an emphasis on Europe. The next part analyses various legal sources from the areas of Bohemia, England and Ireland and compares them. It shows both differences in kinds of ordeal which had been used and circumstances within which it can be found in legal texts. The last part demonstrates possible reasons behind the use of ordeals and tries to look at them from the point of view of a relation between them and an oath as another kind of medieval proof.
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Conception of responsibility in school-aged children
Bártová, Ludmila ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This study is based on the research work on moral development written by J. Piaget. It is focused on a development of responsibility (on the child view on responsible behaviour in different age) and on an upbringing to responsibility. Study proceeds from structured interviews with children at the age of 4-13 years. There was used qualitative processing focused on an aspect of development. As a result of presented study there was found out the development of responsibility in three areas. Responsibility for rules develops from an obedience, through justice to equity. Responsibility for social environment develops from politeness to friends to politeness in general and from respecting the law of small groups to respecting the law of big groups. Responsibility for one own thinking develops from black-and-white views to reasoning in the context. Research next discusses the use of expiatory punishment and punishment by reciprocity in upbringing. This study is of benefit to closer view on the responsibility in it's own meaning. There is an inspiration for upbringing children to responsible behaviour. Results can also be a source for future studies in the area of moral development. Key words: responsibility, justice, obedience, expiation punishment, punishment by reciprocity, reasoning in the context.
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Reflections on the gospels from the perspective of selected texts of feminist theology
Majerová, Kateřina ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (advisor) ; Kobová, Ĺubica (referee)
The master thesis Reflection of gospels from the view of choosen feminist theological texts is situated do the context of christian feminist theology, specifically in the framework of feminist theology of liberation. It's focused especially on the texts of feministic protestant theologists Jana Opočenská and Dorothee Solle, mainly on texts which are related to the choosen parts of the gospels. The theoretical part is aimed especially on the theoretical and methodological basics which includes besides others the major concepts of feminist theories of gender stereotypes and the sex-gender system. The attention is also paid to the concepts of feminist theology with main focus to the thesis of relatedness and mutuality exercised in the field of exegesis of Biblical texts, anthropology nad christology. In this part of thesis is also mentioned the biographical context of the canonical gospels origin including its follow-up interpretation by the prism of texts written by feminist-theological authors mentioned above. The analytical part of the thesis is aimed on two concrete moments of gospels and their interpretation through the texts of Jana Opočenská and Dorothee Solle, considering the theoretical and methodological basis. Through the gender focused method of qualitative content analysis is subsequently...
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School-age children - argumentation in their moral judgment
Kukal, Jiří ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
The thesis is based upon the theoretical foundations of the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget. The theoretical part thoroughly introduces Piaget's theories in relation to the works of his follower Lawrence Kohlbeg and later critics. The theme of the thesis is a research of the moral judgment of school-age children, specifically, in relation to Piaget, mapping the transition from the argumentation of responsibilities of objective consequences to the argumentation of responsibilities of subjective intentions. A set of six pairs of moral stories has been used as the means of the research. The stories were told to 53 children and short interviews followed. A part of the stories came from Piaget, the other part consisted of newly-constructed stories featuring a very substantial material loss. The main object of the research was the possible coordination of viewpoints of objective and subjective responsibility in relation to the extreme material loss contained within the stories. The research also focused on the different ratios of answers based on objective and subjective responsibility in connection with the age of the child. Key words: moral development, justice, moral judgment
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Polis between Plato's and Aristotle's philosofy
Nikl, Lukáš ; Milko, Pavel (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
In my work I tried to expain the determinations and methods of the main filosophical thoughts of Plato and Aristotle. Both of them lived in hard times of ancient Greece, in different crisis of polis, and that had signifiantly influenced their thinking, their lives, their work. Although the times has changed, between their appearance and the methods of thinking also. Of course we can find a mythical core in both philosophies, but the diference between Platoʼs round embrace of universe with using the combination of methods of thinking of those times on the one side, and the Aristotleʼs scientific methods based in his specific methaphysics, is significant for the changes, which appeared. Both of them tries to reform the political, social, and onthological thinking. But each of them are trying to change different one. Plato the thinking in the centre of polis suffering under the crisis of elites, and Aristotle the polis during the Makedonian invasion. Of course we can not use their models of thinking in contempomparary philosophy as such, but we can find various contemporary themes in which the knowledge of their thinking would be useful.
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