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Komparační studie čtyř romských životních příběhů
Ryvolová, Karolína ; Ulmanová, Hana (advisor) ; Acton, Thomas (referee) ; Soukup, Daniel (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to do a comparative analysis of four Romany life-stories in prose from different parts of the world and identify features which may justly be called characteristic of Romany writing. The comparison of Victor Vishnevsky's Memories of a Gypsy, Mikey Walsh's Gypsy Boy and Gypsy Boy on the Run, Andrej Giňa's Paťiv. Ještě víme, co je úcta and Irena Eliášová's Naše osada yields valuable insights into how Romany writers construct their identity and to what extent their current work relates to the existing literary genres. Because of Romany studies' multidisciplinary nature, the extensive introduction lays the theoretical foundations for the analysis. I proceed from the characteristics of Romany studies in general in part 1.2 to the way it was practised during my undergraduate years in Prague as opposed to the Western tradition (part 1.3). Using a case study of the schism Romany studies are currently facing in the Czech Republic, in part 1.4 I attempt to illustrate the more general epistemological challenges the field has been grappling with between essentialist/primordialist and radical constructivist views. As there is a definite scarcity of theoretical literature conceptualising Romany writing, in part 1.5 of the introduction the existing body of work is assessed and found...
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Fitness Center as a lesisure activity. Comparative research among clients in Prague and Frankfurt am Main
Černá, Jana ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Hamplová, Dana (referee)
The thesis discusses the social phenomenon of fitness and exercise in the fitness centers. It contains descriptive and comparative research of visitors fitness centers in Prague and Frankfurt am Main as representatives of this new phenomenon. It is a group of visitors who visit the fitness center at their leisure time. Research on the theoretical basis Bourdie's concept of habitus, social space and capital is trying to detect and describe patterns and main motivations of visitors fitness centers and their potential differences or similarities on the international basis.
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The Meaning of Gender in (for) the Social Theory of Pierre Bourdieu
Čepelová, Hedvika ; Havelková, Hana (advisor) ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis concerns about how the concept of gender interacts in broader social theory of Pierre Bourdieu. Main interest lays on the potentiality to extend useful practical and theoretical perspectives of Bourdieu into feminist thinking, as well as on the feminist critical assesment of Pierre Bourdieu's theory and possible answers on it. Selected feminist views on Bourdieu's theory and on some of its concepts (e.g. habitus or disposition) and the view of Bourdieu on feminism as a critical theory and political movement will be analysed. The thesis follows primary literature written by Bourdieu, using the critical arguments of Toril Moi and Leslie McCall as two main pillars. First, the potentiality of Bourdieu's theory to address emancipation, universality and overcoming essentialist and non-essentialist positions of feminism will be discused. Second, I am focusing on the relations between gender, social order, capital and distinctive/distributive mechanism. Finally the relationship between the terms production and reproduction in Bourdieu's theory will be elaborated and some possible points to feminist critical thinking as well as to Bourdieu's theory will be made. Klíčová slova: Pierre Bourdieu, feminism, gender, habitus, capital, social order, distinction
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Inequality in Foreign Language Learning
Suchardová Nováková, Jitka ; Rýdl, Karel (advisor) ; Lenochová, Alena (referee) ; Betáková, Lucie (referee)
Title: Inequality in Foreign Language Learning Author: Jitka Suchardová Nováková Department: Deparment of Education Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Karel Rýdl, CSc. Abstract: This dissertation draws on sociological assumptions that learning success is significantly influenced by social environment. In this respect the questions of inequality in foreign language education are raised. The external factors such as social class, and motivation and attitudes, as two major social psychology phenomena related to success at foreign language learning, are researched. Based on these concepts the process of foreign language learning is considered as strongly influenced by opportunities for learning and by the process of constructing foreign language learner's identity. The research follows the qualitative paradigm using the narrative approach, and an in-depth interview as the main research method. The research design of biography and case study is used and two individual case studies are presented, with the impact of showing diversity and complexity of foreign language learning. The research takes place in the university environment - the students of technical faculties were the object of the research. Keywords: inequality, motivation, attitudes, habitus, identity
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The Space of Prayer - Ethnography of a Monastic Community
Horská, Kateřina ; Zandlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Spalová, Barbora (referee)
The presented work deals with certain aspects of catholic monastic life; it has been elaborated on the basis of a field research carried out in a female monastic community of an active order in the Czech Republic. In the work, I focus primarily on the topic of prayer and I am trying to answer the following questions: what is the nuns' attitude towards prayer like, which activities we can consider a prayer in the monastic community and what is the influence of these activities on actors in this setting? On theoretical level, the thesis is based especially on the concept of total institutions by E. Goffman and on Pierre Bourdieu's conception of habitus. The text consists of four major parts. In the first, introductory part I describe methodological and ethical issues relevant to my research. In the second part, I concern myself briefly with monastic life in general, its origins and development, and also with stages of monastic life of an individual. The following empirical part based on ethnographic data from my field notes is presented as a description of "a common day" in the monastic community. The last part is theoretical and analytical at the same time; here I deal with the main topic of the thesis. Firstly, I present Goffman's concept of total institutions and I explain how according to this...
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Individual and social contexts of dawnward social mobility
Kubatová, Marie ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Čada, Karel (referee)
The author deals with the phenomenon of individual and social contexts of downward social mobility. She focuses on cases of families with at least one college educated parent whose children did not follow their parents in college education attainment. After defining terms such as social status, social mobility, capital and social reproduction that are key for later analysis, she summarizes previous researches of social mobility and educational inequalities. Thereafter she presents a qualitative analysis of gained interviews with ten respondents. This research has been done by methods of grounded theory that enable to uncover contexts of the analysed phenomenon. The author argues that the phenomenon in general, according to the analysis, is not a problem. It is understood as a problem only after it has been set into the context of the social situation in which the phenomenon occurs. According to the analysis the children of college educated parents do use and develop their abilities gained by socialization and upbringing by college educated parents. Nevertheless, these children do not develop their abilities in the formal system of education that is commonly conceived as the best educational institution. It is just the authority of this institution that creates the social norm - one of the contexts...
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Have fun as "then" - What we should know about communism but are afraid to ask
Bzenecká, Lucie ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
This thesis is based on my stay at a retro "ROH recreation - holidays in Tatras as 'then'" organized and provided by one Czech travel agency whose major customers are elderly people. The thesis focuses especially on the motivation of these people to buy such a product, and describes how they spend a holiday like that. This detailed description is an extremely important starting point for clarifying the phenomenon known as nostalgia, which is also in relation to post-communist countries referred to as 'ostalgia". Using the concepts of social memory I show that next to the officially accepted version of history there is a large number of alternative and often contradictory "memories" based on small personal histories of everyday life, which do not include Communism as a political system, but "ordinary" life in the communist times. The main goal of my thesis is to try to find the answers to the question, whether that what the older generation misses is really the communist regime itself, or the sentence "it was better under communism" hides something completely different from mere identification with a particular political establishment. Key words: ROH recreation; communism; retro; nostalgia; social memory; habitus
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Thomas ethics of virtutis from the philosophical, theological and psychological point of wiev
KILBERGR, Pavel
The first part deals with the concept of virtue ethics in the view of Summa theologica. Its basis is acquired from classical philosophy of ancient scholars. Firstly, it is necessary to describe Plato's and Aristoteles systematical approach to virtues. Plato's approach is parallel with the concept of the state. Aristotle's has a system divided into rational and moral virtues, which is a small entanglement of this topic. The last systematical approach in ancient times takes Stoic's way with dualistic conception of realty and human inside, which is an approach with no ground. Thomas Aquinas continues the system of Plato's and Aristotle's and adds the theory of cardinal and supernatural virtues. The cardinal virtues are rooted in humans, through their habits, so the key question then being human's habits, disposition, and adequacy in connection with their nature. Subsequently, the virtues are an essential part of human nature or personality. The psychology deals with the topic of virtues in the context of personality psychology, especially, in the background of inner quality or traits. Recently, virtues in the psychology are still open to question and are a huge challenge.
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