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The comparison of the Parliamentary elections in 2017 and 2021 in terms of voter behavior and results
ŠLECHTOVÁ, Barbora
The bachelor's thesis deals with Parliamentary elections held in 2017 and 2021. The goal of the work is to compare the voters' behaviour, election results and election campaigns, both on a yearly basis and between the two years. The first chapter deals generally with elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the financing of political parties and the recalcuation of votes into mandates. The second chapter is about electorate voting behavior, and the first part is theoretical, while the sequel is already focused specifically on how voters made their choices in both years of comparison. The third chapter summarizes the election results and compares them with assumptions that were published shorter or longer before the election date and shows the spillover. In the last chapter of the thesis, one can read about the election campaigns and their comparisons and the changes that have taken place during the election period.
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Territorial differentiation of voter turnout in local election in Czechia
HŘEBÍČKOVÁ, Anna
The presented bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of spatial differentiation of voter turnout in local elections. The thesis uses quantitative analysis of voter turnout data for the reference period of 2006-2022. It examines how voter turnout differs in different geographic areas and what influences and factors may affect these differences. Voter turnout is analysed in hierarchically different spatial units, such as municipalities, districts, and regions, and these differences are also expressed through map outputs. Emphasis is placed particularly on the "problematic" regions of the Czech Republic - rural areas, border regions, or internal peripheries. At the same time, the thesis points out the developmental aspect of voter turnout over time, for which a change index is used in the thesis. Subsequently, the thesis also analyses the relationship between voter turnout and selected sociodemographic or socioeconomic characteristics of the population. The impact of factors such as age, education, and unemployment are particularly examined.
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Discourse analysis of populism in presidential elections in the U.S.
Vaňhal, Miroslav ; Dvořák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Císař, Ondřej (referee)
This master's thesis is dedicated to the issue of populism in politics. It has been designed as an exploration of the discourse of this phenomenon during the 2020 United States presidential elections. The goal of the thesis was to identify, describe and compare usage of populist elements by both main presidential candidates. Theory of Cas Mudde was chosen as the foundation. Theoretical part is split into two chapters which are devoted to the topics of populism and context of the American society. These segments introduce and define core concepts that will be subsequently used. Practical part is divided into two chapters as well. Initially, we present various aspects of the methodology of our qualitative research. It is based on the analysis of two presidential debates conducted through discursive-historical approach of critical discursive analysis. Henceforth, the following section is focused on the analysis and interpretation of acquired data. The output of this process is the exploration of the discourse as well as description and contrasting of populist tendencies of Joe Biden and Donald Trump. The analysis has shown presence of populist elements in both campaigns. Specifically, Biden's conception of the people is predominantly populist, whereas his approach towards elites and the will of the...
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Electoral volatility in European Parliament Elections in V4 Countries: 2004-2019
Mertlík, Arnošt ; Linek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on changes in voting behaviour among voters in the Visegrad Group states (V4), specifically electoral volatility between the European Parliament elections and the national elections in the particular state. The approach to examining electoral volatility in this work is based on the second-order national elections theory, which divides elections into less and more important ones. The aim of the work is first to describe the overall electoral volatility in the V4 states in a cross-section of all European elections based on individual data from post-election questionnaire surveys. Subsequently, I find out what are the specific causes and motivations for changes in electoral behaviour. The analysis shows that there are several different patterns of volatile behaviour in the V4 countries, but the consistent and general pattern is a high degree of electoral demobilisation in the European elections. This may be due to political attitudes or the level of trust in the European institutions. I then analyze voters' demobilization among government and opposition voters, who differ mainly in their views of the national political situation. Keywords Electoral volatility, vote switching, electoral behaviour, second-order national election theory, European Parliament elections,...
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Electoral volatility in European Parliament Elections in V4 Countries: 2004-2019
Mertlík, Arnošt ; Linek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on changes in voting behaviour among voters in the Visegrad Group states (V4), specifically electoral volatility between the European Parliament elections and the national elections in the particular state. The approach to examining electoral volatility in this work is based on the second-order national elections theory, which divides elections into less and more important ones. The aim of the work is first to describe the overall electoral volatility in the V4 states in a cross-section of all European elections based on individual data from post-election questionnaire surveys. Subsequently, I find out what are the specific causes and motivations for changes in electoral behaviour. The analysis shows that there are several different patterns of volatile behaviour in the V4 countries, but the consistent and general pattern is a high degree of electoral demobilisation in the European elections. This may be due to political attitudes or the level of trust in the European institutions. I then analyze voters' demobilization among government and opposition voters, who differ mainly in their views of the national political situation. Keywords Electoral volatility, vote switching, electoral behaviour, second-order national election theory, European Parliament elections,...
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Electoral volatility in European Parliament Elections in V4 Countries: 2004-2019
Mertlík, Arnošt ; Linek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on changes in voting behaviour among voters in the Visegrad Group states (V4), specifically electoral volatility between the European Parliament elections and the national elections in the particular state. The approach to examining electoral volatility in this work is based on the second-order national elections theory, which divides elections into less and more important ones. The aim of the work is first to describe the overall electoral volatility in the V4 states in a cross-section of all European elections based on individual data from post-election questionnaire surveys. Subsequently, I find out what are the specific causes and motivations for changes in electoral behaviour. The analysis shows that there are several different patterns of volatile behaviour in the V4 countries, but the consistent and general pattern is a high degree of electoral demobilisation in the European elections. This may be due to political attitudes or the level of trust in the European institutions. I then analyze voters' demobilization among government and opposition voters, who differ mainly in their views of the national political situation. Keywords Electoral volatility, vote switching, electoral behaviour, second-order national election theory, European Parliament elections,...
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The decline of party identification in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands
Hluchá, Tereza ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
This Master's thesis looks into the phenomenon of party identification and explores various factors that play a role in the emergence, development and decline of partisanship. It follows and compares the changing levels of party identification in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands from the 1960s to the present day and strives to determine the causes and effects of this process. It is widely accepted that declining party identification is linked to increasing electoral volatility. This thesis draws upon a range of range of theoretical works in the field of electoral behaviour. It utilizes findings of an original small scale research among the British and Dutch voters as well as established election studies.
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Czech presidential campaign 2012/2013: The Use of Political Marketing in the Reflection of Strategic Effects of Electoral System and Voters Psychology
Hannich, Jiří ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Shavit, Anna (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is the usage of elements of political marketing in the Czech presidential campaign 2012/2013. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the general development of political communication and election campaigns, the principles considering the performing of political marketing, the basic formulas of voters' decision-making and models of coordinated behavior of the electorate and political representatives depending on the strategic effects of electoral systems. In a subsequent analysis of the election campaigns of selected presidential candidates - Miloš Zeman, Karel Schwarzenberg, Jan Fischer and Jiří Dienstbier - is monitored, how and under what circumstances the advancement of political marketing is applied, whether the candidates and their election team incorporate the assumed strategic effects of the election system into the planning process and implementation of election campaigns, hence if and how the campaign considers the voters' experienced ideas about the head of the state.
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Authoritarian Values and Electoral Behaviour in Slovakia
Slyško, Martin ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
Along with the right-left economical dimension of positioning of political parties and voters, there is also dimension of division along cultural and value items which is described as authoritarianism - libertarianism axis or sometimes conservatism - liberalism. In new democracies the division along clear support for liberal democracy on the one hand and support or toleration of non liberal use of power on the other hand is often very important. We distinguish between authoritarianism as orientation with tendency towards support for restrictive and hierarchical politics, which in some cases lead to non liberal variant of formally democratic order, and cultural conservatism, which has its roots mainly in higher level of religiosity. Authoritarian and conservative tendencies are to certain level associated with each other, nevertheless they do not create an integral complex. There is evidence of a group with authoritarian value orientation and culturally liberal position at the same time; in Slovak conditions it is the case of the electorate of left wing party Smer (Direction). Examining the opinion cleavage among Slovak public along cultural and value questions, we identify the biggest conflict potential of the authoritarian items as the mode of political rule and nationalism. Next significant...
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