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AN APPRAISAL OF CIVIL - MILITARY RELATIONS IN THE WAR AGAINST TERRORISM: THE CASE OF NIGERIA'S NORTH EAST.
Anger, Shimasaan Kelvin ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
The civilian leadership and the cooperation between the military establishment and the civilian population's primary concern is to exert effective military control. This incumbent research examined the dynamics shaping the liaison concerning the Nigerian military establishment and the civilian control, and the military's relationship with the civilian militia force in the battle against terrorism in Nigeria's North-East. This research adopted Rosenbaum's theories of partnership policing and community participation by assuming that a politically and morally competent civilian government with total control of a professional military willing to genuinely partner with local community groups like the civilian JTF, can facilitate counterinsurgency in the area. The capability and civilian leadership's expertise to exert control, military's willingness to take instructions from civilians and express their openness and patience to work with civilian militia forces (like the civilian JTF) in a perennial warfare against terrorism, to mention a few, are the factors making this interaction possible. Through qualitative research methodology for observational studies and content analysis of data, findings show that effective civilian command structure of the military is central to winning the war against...
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Formation of party system in new democracy: The case study of Spain
Pour, Jiří ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the formation of Spanish party system from the democratic transition and first free elections in 1977 until now. It follows two mutually interconnected lines - the development and relations of parties on the national level, i.e. the whole party system, and the internal development, structure and functioning of the parties themselves as elements of the party system. The thesis starts with chapter The Franco Regime, which serves as a historical introduction to the issue and calls attention to important events that preceded the Spanish transition to democracy. The second chapter, The Transition to Democracy, slowly abandons the historical perspective and presents an analysis of the first democratic elections and the first democratically governing party - Unión de Centro Democrático. These two chapters are followed by the third chapter The Party System which is the real core of this thesis. In its subchapters are examined: the legal basis of the party system, the conditions of developing Spanish democracy and its impact on the party system and at last the main political powers in Spain of the last 30 years - Partido Socialista Obrero Español and Partido Popular. On the background of detailed examination of these two parties can be seen the development of the...
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Comparision of roles of Juan Carlos and Simeon II. in democratic transition and question of monarchy and monarchism in Spain and Bulgaria
López, Petra ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
Diploma thesis "Comparision of roles of Juan Carlos and Simeon II. in democratic transition and question of monarchy and monarchism in Spain and Bulgaria" deals with democratic transition and question of monarchy in two concrete countries that I chose: in Spain and in Bulgaria.I confront king of Spain Juan Carlos and former tsar Simeon II. in the process of democratic transition and way they solve problems with acceptance or exclusion of monarchy. Both countries are similar in one issue: duration of monarchy was interrupted for a very long time by undemocratic regime. In the text is described, how a big role can enact one key person within political system, how its positive and concrete outcomes or committed errors could bring acceptance or exclusion of monarchy. The text is divided into historical part and present.
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Comparison of National Endowment for Democracy projects in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the 1990s and their role in local developments
Vodáková, Tereza ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This bachelor thesis addresses grant projects funded by the American nongovernmental organisation National Endowment for Democracy (NED) in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Despite being one country at the beginning of the 1990s, by the half of the decade, both countries already followed different directions. The aim of this thesis is to compare diverse strategies of NED in those countries during the 1990s and to analyse its impact on the development of democracy and civil society. The research method of this thesis is built on a categorisation of individual grant projects based on the information from NED annual reports and their consecutive confrontation with the development of related events. For the confrontation, this thesis uses primarily secondary literature, media outputs, available interviews, and information from the grant recipients. This comparison implies, that while Czechia stopped being funded by NED by the mid-1990s, Slovakia became one of its most significant priorities in the region. Slovakia is a prime example of functional democracy promotion abroad. In only a few years, NED accomplished to help the mobilisation of civil society and successful transition to liberal democracy. The Czech example, on the other hand, shows how unevenly distributed grants in its favour led to abrupt...
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Attempt at Democratic Transition in Iran 1997-2000
Koláček, Jakub ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
The thesis "Attempt at Democratic Transition in Iran 1997-2000" analyzes the developement of restricted liberalization and democratization, which was started in Iran in Spring 1997 by election of reformist presidential candidate Muhammad Khatami into office. The essay looks on theese events as a result of the longer cultural change which occured in Iran since the 1979 Islamic Revolution and as a consequence of the cleavages which split the Iranian political space into several different streams. The thesis uses a theoretical perspective based on the idea that Iran, in the course of 20th century, constantly evolved in the form of modern national state for which the Islamic revolution was but a regime change, which replaced one authoritarianism for another with a different ideology. Based on this perspective the events after the Khatami election are analyzed in terms of the transitologic theory through which the essay examines the specific dynamcis of political contest between the softliners who push for a democratization of the regime and the hardliners who take pains to preserve the authoritarian practice based on the theory of "The Rule of the Jurisconsult" articulated first by the founder of the Islamic Republic, Ruhollah Khomeini.
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The Democratic Transition of Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic and their Successor States, with Particular Focus on the Geopolitical Framework after 1989
Holtschke, Eric ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
(by Eric Holtschke) The end of the Cold War and thus the collapse of the Eastern Bloc was, in the words of Mary Farrell, "one of the late twentieth century's defining moments"1 : Communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe collapsed, opening up the road to democracy together with freedom of speech, freedom of thought and free elections, as well as free and independent movement of people. The end of the Cold War, which started as a direct result of the Second World War, came about by means of mass demonstrations, the first of which took place in Plauen (GDR) on 7 October 1989. Only a few months later, no-one could be sure how the world would develop. The so-called 'voice' was followed by 'exit' in the German Democratic Republic - and the Czechoslovakians were close to the events taking place in the embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Prague. The end of the autocratic system was followed by the process of democratisation, characterised by upheavals and the restructuring of political conditions. Free and independent elections marked the end of democratisation in both the German Democratic Republic and Czechoslovakia. The consolidation period was determined by the dissolution of both of the aforementioned countries, succeeded by 1) the absorption of the entirety of former East German...
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Formation of party system in new democracy: The case study of Spain
Pour, Jiří ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the formation of Spanish party system from the democratic transition and first free elections in 1977 until now. It follows two mutually interconnected lines - the development and relations of parties on the national level, i.e. the whole party system, and the internal development, structure and functioning of the parties themselves as elements of the party system. The thesis starts with chapter The Franco Regime, which serves as a historical introduction to the issue and calls attention to important events that preceded the Spanish transition to democracy. The second chapter, The Transition to Democracy, slowly abandons the historical perspective and presents an analysis of the first democratic elections and the first democratically governing party - Unión de Centro Democrático. These two chapters are followed by the third chapter The Party System which is the real core of this thesis. In its subchapters are examined: the legal basis of the party system, the conditions of developing Spanish democracy and its impact on the party system and at last the main political powers in Spain of the last 30 years - Partido Socialista Obrero Español and Partido Popular. On the background of detailed examination of these two parties can be seen the development of the...
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Ion Iliescu and his role in the forming of the modern romanian democracy
Kocian, Jiří ; Tejchman, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šístek, František (referee)
The problematic of Romanian transition to democracy after the year 1989 was by its major part determined by the form of previous regime. Because of the extreme pressure and control exercised on the opposition and personal dictatorship of the regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu, no major dissent groups or centers existed, bearing the potential to take part in the overthrow of the regime. In the swift and still unclear events of December 1989, National Salvation Front rose to hold the power, being directed by Ion Iliescu. As a formerly top positioned communist apparatchik, who had been swept out from status and power after several conflicts with Ceausescu, he transferred almost complete communist structure to the newly formed regime, including Securitate, the secret service. Deconstruction of the former regime was actually performed by the execution of the former president and his wife and by trials of several Securitate generals. Iliescu concentrated most of the power around NSF and in contradiction with the original proclamation postponed transition to democracy. The new regime, which was led by Ion Iliescu demonstrated in its ideological presentation and exercise of power apparent similarities with the era of communist rule, nevertheless, it worked under formal democratic framework. Because of this fact,...
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