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Possibilities of Psychosocial Support for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Eliášová, Martina ; Cimrmannová, Tereza (advisor) ; Zelinková, Olga (referee)
The first part of the thesis summarizes theoretical knowledge of the areas that relate to the characteristics of pervasive developmental disorders, as well as chapter focused on family and compensatory mechanisms with the diagnosis and the adoption of a child. Next chapter describe helping professions and it is a brief introduction of specific professions with who I have the opportunity to meet and get to know that their work and the methods used with a target group of preschool children with ASD. I consider the importance of an early intervention in terms of working with the family and the child to be important, therefore, I focus on diagnostic methods and organization APLA Prague and Central Bohemia. I had the opportunity to attend several practices in this organization and I got to know methods of working with clients with autism. Overall, this practice must be assessed as very beneficial. System and work of the organization is actually a good example for practice. I will try to describe this organization in the form of case studies and interviews with families. I then will focus on the social support of families and the financial opportunities that are offered to these families. The next chapter is about social services which are services of social prevention, care and counseling. These...
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Role of a special educational centre in training teachers to educate children and pupils vith autism spectrum disorder
Morávková, Šárka ; Šumníková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Květoňová, Lea (referee)
The basic theme of this work is characterization of the role of Special Educational Centre in the training of teaching staff educating pupils and children with autism spectrum disorder. Theoretical knowledge in the field of autism and education of individuals with disabilities is compared with the content of specific educational seminars and with questionnaire survey from its participants. The analysis of the survey documents and reflects the needs of teachers and it is the basis for the workshop design optimization as well. The result of the presented work emphasizes the need to professionally educate teachers in the field of autism.
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Drawing in children with Autism
Bezecná, Andrea ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of drawings in children with autism. It is divided into two parts, the theoretical and the empirical. In the first part I am foccusing mainly on theoretical findings about Autism Spectrum Disorder, continuing by children's drawings and it's development in population and at the end I'm attending to the specifics of the drawing of children with autism. The empirical part contains a description of data collection, a detailed case report of a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder and finally an analysis of dozens of drawing that I collected in collaboration with the child's parents. Data interpretation is supplemented by other informations, such as a course of drawing, comments or testimony of child's mother about the development of drawing expression and about the drawings themselves. The aim of my thesis is to determine whether there are specific features in the drawing of a child with Asperger Syndrome and subsequently these characters interconnect with literature and scientific knowledge about autism.
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The Communication with a Child with ASD (autism spectrum disorder)
DOČEKALOVÁ, Petra
The thesis is devoted to the analysis of educational research experiences and feedback responses of a child with infantile autism and its close family members to specific methods of developing speech and communication. The main objective of this work is to describe all mentioned above in time sequence and to complete the progress which the child has reached based on this special education and non-education methods. The thesis has two parts, theoretical and practical. The first chapter of the theoretical part focuses on the definition of PAS and familiarisation with the relevant diagnosis. The second chapter also describes the most common symptoms of this disorder, the third chapter introduces alternative and complimentary systems of communication. The last two components of the theoretical part introduces HANDLE Approach and Structured Teaching. The practical part is dedicated to the educational research itself. Method of observation, informal interviews and document analysis has been used.
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Special teaching procedures in the art education for a pupil with autistic spectrum disorder in the third year of primary school
WEDLOVÁ, Kamila
The main goal of the bachelor thesis theme Special teaching method at art education for students education with autism spectrum disorder in 3rd grade of elementary school was to create structural methods what should help to integrated student with their work in art education. Bachelor thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part consists of for chapters. First chapter described characteristic of autism spectrum disorder in general. Second charter deals with development and differences of children drawing at intact persons, differences development of drawing at children with autism spectrum disorder. Third chapter is devoted to art education. Goals and expected outputs of art lessons regarding General educative program for elementary school are listed in annex of thesis. There are described methods of work with student with autism spectrum disorder at art education in last chapter. Special pedagogical methods based on structural teaching are described there. Goal of practical part was to create structural methods for education of art of selected students with autism spectrum disorder on the first level of elementary school. To preparation of methodical procedures were set main goals: Find out if chosen student with autism spectrum disorder is able to work during art lessons without structural procedure. To find out how is the structural procedure profitable for the student. To find out what used art techniques best fit to chosen students. To find out if the chosen student with autism spectrum disorder includes his interests into the art expressions. The structural methods were consequently applied in lessons of art. For usage of work were chosen students of third grade. To collecting of data was used method of observation, semi-structural interview with assistant of chosen student's teacher. By analysis of reached data were setup criterions for preparation methodical steps. From observation appears that structural methods for art education at chosen students with autism spectrum disorder were successful and were useful for better motivation in activity, concentration, independence, development of imagination, than help to reduction of impropriate behave (shouting, stand out of desk). Used art techniques shows as suitable. Respondents didn't project their interests into the art expression. Thesis contains own structural methods with preparation of activities. Thesis also contains annexes with photos of respondent's works.
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Symptoms of depression in children diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome
ERTLOVÁ, Gabriela
In the first part of the thesis the reader is acquainted with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), disorder of the autistic spectrum, with Asperger's Syndrome and the diagnostic criteria. It dedicates in detail specific manifestations of Asperger's Syndrome. In the second part, the thesis introduces the syndrome of depression, its symptoms in children, diagnostic criteria, and it further describes depressive thinking and feeling, chosen depressive disorders and surveys their occurrence and manifestations in children with Asperger's Syndrome. It also deals with the problem of diagnostic. In the final part of the thesis a specific case study of one boy diagnosted with Asperger's Syndrome and anxiety depressive disorder is described.
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Coping strategies, social support and self-esteem siblings of children with autism spectum disorder
DOČEKALOVÁ, Markéta
This thesis is focused on the psychosocial situation of autism spectrum disorder siblings, especially on coping strategies, self esteem and social support. The goal of this thesis is to define which coping strategies siblings use and the "health" of their social support and self esteem. The Research sample was taken from organizations dealing with autism. The Method of research was an interview, two worksheets and a questionnaire on self esteem. One worksheet was inspired Children´s Coping Questionnaire. The Research sample was limited to four children. They were from nine to eleven years old. The Children comprised three boys and one girl. The Results were presented as case studies. The results showed high correlation in the frequent use of avoidant actions such as coping strategies,low social support from teachers, high hostility in the self esteem questionnaire and negative attitudes in talk about disabilities.
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Sexual education for children in older school age with Autism Spectrum Disorder
BLAŽKOVÁ, Renata
Sexuality and sexual needs are very important part of life of every human. There is necessary to treat every sensitive aspects of sexual disposition for suitable development of these needs the best way is sex education in the correct form. For many parents, there is a big problem to explain this topic to their children at the right time, by the correct form and appropriately at all. This problem is so much complicated for parents of children with Autism spectrum disorder. Their children have a specific disability which make them impossible to analyse common life situation correctly, make them impossible to reveal the complex of human relationships and they can´t became a part of it. Discussing all of these facts, parents of these children comes into the desperate situation in puberty period and they don´t know what they should do. The thesis Sex education of children with Autism spectrum disorder in the older school age choose like a target group the children with this diagnosis in puberty period and it tries to analyse children´s problems (even their parent´s problems) in this develomental period. The aim of the thesis is finding out the problems of these children in the sexual area and finding out about awareness of their parents in this area. Another aim is comparing sex education in the family and sex education in the educational institution. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge of actual literature about this topic. In the first chapter, the thesis dedicates the older school age topic develomental specifics for children in this period especially. The second chapter dedicates knowledge about Autism spectrum disorder definition of problem area of these individuals, dividing of different kinds of this disability, its etiology and basic educational systems. The last chapter deal with the topic of sexuality and its brief development; it pursue also sex education and its specifics in the work with individuals with Autism spectrum disorder in the puberty period. The empirical part is based on research leading by semi-structured interview which are based on qualitative approach. The outline of these interview is 7 range of topics: Puberty; Private x public; Problem behaviour; Masturbation, pollutions, menstruation; Relationships; Sex educatoin in the school; Awareness. I drow up the questionnaire and made interviews with seven parents of children with Autism spectrum disorder in the older school age. Children of two respondents have diagnosis Asperger´s Syndrom, the rest of the children have autism with mental retardation in combination. In the chapter Results, I interpret acquired information which are compared between the children with intelect in variation of normal and with children with mental retardation. Chapter Discussion I summarize and compare knowledge.
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Spending of leisure time of children with autism spectrum disorder in Czech Budweis
HOŠTIČKOVÁ, Věra
Currently, there is a specialized centre (Auticentrum) in České Budějovice, where children with Autism spectrum disorder (further on only as "ASD") can spend their free time. Autism spectrum disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder, spreading through every important area of a child's development. Shortcomings are obvious in three main areas social, communication and in the area of imagination. Deficits in any of those areas are projected into the everyday life of the child. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter deals with the characteristics of the Autism spectrum disorder, the second chapter explains the concept of free time in the relation to Autism and the third chapter is designated to selected non-profit organizations in České Budějovice. The goal of the practical part of this paper is to determine real possibilities of spending free time that children with ASD have in České Budějovice, to analyse and to find objective reasons which limit the children's choice of free time activities. A set of information was gathered with the use of method of qualitative research. The collection of data was executed by half-structured interviews within a selected experiment sample of respondents. Interviews were carried out with questions on topics prepared beforehand with selected respondents, who were mothers of children with the Autism spectrum disorder. The results of this paper contain a free transcription of interviews with respondents and key questions answering goals of this experiment are listed in synoptic tables. From results of interviews with mothers, it is apparent that the foremost obstacle for children with ASD is their differences in behaviour. When choosing a free-time activity for a child with ASD, their specific needs and individuality must be taken into account. These children have specific capabilities and abilities and, therefore, also an approach to them must be specific. During the research, certain benefits were discovered for children with ASD that the specialized centre (Auticentrum), which selected children visited, or have visited. Respondents see as the largest advantage the fact that their children with Autism found friends, with whom they can spend their free time even outside of controlled hobbitry activities. Respondents are aware of further possibilities of free time activities in the offer of schools which children attend, but except after-school daycare, their children participate in activities only in the specialized centre. This bachelor thesis only confirms the fact that possibilities how children with autism can spend their free time are not sufficient in number. It also points out that it is necessary, when choosing an activity, to follow individual approach, to respect specific needs and capabilities of the child in question. This thesis could serve parents of children with autism as an informative material about possible use of free-time education in Auticentrum in České Budějovice. Further, it could serve other organizations as an inspiration on the offer of free-time activities of children with autism.
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Smart board and its use in education of an integrated student with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) at elementary school
KOPALOVÁ, Markéta
Integration or inclusion of people with disabilities into the intact society is currently widely discussed in the area of disability. This process is very long and complicated. The results of integrating this person into class of other intact students don´t depends only on a work of teacher, but also on familier diagnostic and on all stimulation program, which helps to the best integrable child. Integration of persons with autism spectrum disorder, whose behaviour is often problematic, can be difficult. But there are individuals who can be, usually with the help of an assistant, integrated into primary school among intact peers. The lack of special education of the teacher can be a disadvantage of the integration. If the teacher does not have enough experience with autism, the teaching can become a problem. That is why information and communication technologies, such as SmartBoard, which is very easily operated, may be a considerable help. Therefore it is suitable for individuals with fine motor skills disabilities and can attract both intact children and children with autism spectrum disorder. This thesis is focused on the use of Smart Board for children with autism spectrum disorder who are integrated at usual primary schools and for whose education and training special approaches are needed. The theoretical part deals with the definition of mental retardation, its etiology symptomatology and division. It also describes dementia of children who lose their previously mastered skills and abilities. A large section of the theoretical part deals with autism spectrum disorders, which are congenital and therefore lifelong disabilities significantly detrimental to the mental development of the individual, and describes etiology, prevalence and symptomatology focusing on the triad of the problem areas. It deals with affiliated disabilities and division of autism spectrum disorders, early infantile autism, atypical autism and other childhood disintegrative disorders, e.g. Asperger syndrome and schizoid childhood disorders. Diagnosis, education and training of individuals with this type of disability are mentioned in this part of my thesis as well. The practical part is based on the information obtained through questionnaires. It is therefore quantitative research using methods of questioning. The research files are all primary schools in the Czech Republic. The data from primary schools that integrate individuals with autism spectrum disorder were examined primarily. It was found out that 75% of primary schools which have integrated a pupil with autistic spectrum disorder use SmartBoard for their education. Particularly the methodical way of obtaining materials by primary schools in each region was assessed. The results showed that more than a half of the respondents buy or create their own materials. 34% sort to these two ways downloading from diffrent Internet portals, where are currently about 16 000 materials for primary schools. Only 40% collaborate with other schools. If the teachers communicated with each other more and shared the proven materials, it would certainly be a significant help for primary schools which are buying the materials and it would definitely facilitate the process of teaching. Acccording to my observations from my research resulted, that if teachers would communicate more each other and share experienced material, it would mean enlargement offers for pedagogical work. The results of this bachelor thesis might broaden the awareness of the widget SmartBoard and its positives which I could see at a primary school where a girl with autism spectrum disorder is integrated and where I could be present at her teaching. Further, the work created an outline of a mathematics methodological material for the fourth class which could inspire teachers when working with integrated pupils with autistic spectrum disorders.
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