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Genomic instability associated with formation of RNA:DNA hybrids and molecular mechanisms of its suppression
Naščáková, Zuzana
One of the most common infections of a human organism is an infection of stomach induced by pathogenic bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). It is estimated that every second person is infected, with even higher prevalence in developing countries. As a quiet enemy, H. pylori can colonise a human stomach for decades without manifestation of infection-associated symptoms. However, chronic infection may cause severe damage to the stomach tissue, subsequently leading to the development of gastric diseases, including gastritis and ulcer disease. H. pylori infection is also a driving cause of gastric cancer, with 80% of gastric cancers being associated with chronic infection. H. pylori ensures its life-long persistence in a human host organism via the action of its virulence factors, which have a pleiotropic effect on multiple systems, mostly acting on the attenuation of a human immune system and the induction of atrophy of stomach tissue. The irreversible changes of stomach epithelium are induced by activation of an innate immune response in H. pylori-exposed epithelial cells through the stimulation of ALPK1/TIFA/NF-κB signalling pathway upon a recognition of β-ADP heptose, an intermediate product of bacterial lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and consequently leading to the formation of DNA...
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Occupational therapy program to develop the skills of a child with a physical disability for the transition from kindergarten to primary school
Veselá, Markéta ; Hájková, Vanda (advisor) ; Valešová Malecová, Barbara (referee)
This thesis deals with the evaluation of a self-designed occupational therapy programme to support children with physical disabilities in their transition to primary school. The aim of the research is to test the effectiveness of this programme. The theoretical background explores the concepts of occupational therapy and physiotherapy in educational settings, their role in paediatrics and the impact of physical disability on school adjustment. It also focuses on the importance of movement, sensory integration and well-being in relation to successful school adjustment. The transition to primary school for the child with physical disabilities and the preparation of the family environment and the child itself for this step are other topics of this thesis. A further aim is to determine whether the programme can be used by teachers as part of an educational curriculum. The final section shows how an occupational therapy programme can be integrated into the regular school environment and how it can contribute to the successful integration of children with physical disabilities into a new school environment. The methodological section describes the research methods used, including intervention evaluation research and the plan for testing the programme. The empirical section then presents the occupational...
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A transgender pupil in the environment of czech elementary school
Menšíková, Denisa ; Richterová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Linková, Marie (referee)
The issue of gender identity is rapidly pervading the school environment. It is important that teachers continue in their efforts to provide a safe and respectful environment for all students, including those who are dealing with their gender identity or identify as transgender. Teachers and other school staff need sufficient information and support to fulfil the principle of a safe and respectful environment. This raises many questions about the rights and needs not only of the transgender individuals themselves, but also of other pupils, their parents and teachers, as it is important to recognise that the situation related to the issue of transgender is very challenging for those around the pupil who identifies as such. Firstly, the thesis presents a theoretical framework in which it defines the basic concepts related to transgender issues, describes the development of gender identity in children and adolescents, explains the process of gender reassignment in the Czech Republic and shows the results of current research, which shows that the situation for transgender pupils and students is not yet favourable in the school environment. Secondly, the thesis analyses the selected documents in terms of their content in order to find out and, if necessary, to investigate whether there is currently any...
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Cross-border aspects of corporate taxation
Laouici, Said ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Tuláček, Michal (referee)
- 1 - Cross-border aspects of corporate taxation Abstract This thesis addresses the key challenges, institutions, and current challenges in the cross- border taxation of concerns, which are better known as multinational companies. Multinational companies are business associations that must achieve the quality to be described as concerns, which are the focus of this thesis. The essential aspects in the cross-border taxation of a concern are the existence of double taxation or non-taxation, the transfer pricing and, finally, the new institutes that are aimed at reacting to the most recent and unsolved issues in this area. These are still numerous, but the efforts of countries and multinational organisations to tackle them are very strong. Specifically, this thesis deals with the essential instruments in the field of international taxation, such as double taxation treaties, transfer pricing, which can be described as traditional institutes, but also new institutes in the field of international taxation, which are BEPS action plans (Pillar I and Pillar II), MLI, EU directives, which compete with the basic and new instruments. The BEPS Action Plans and their impact are continuously reflected in each chapter of this thesis. The thesis also deals with tax competition, coordination, and harmonisation relationships...
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Legal regulation of remote work
Hlaváčová, Šárka ; Matějka Řehořová, Lucie (advisor) ; Morávek, Jakub (referee)
On 1 October 2023, most of the so-called transposition amendment to the Labor Code came into force, which brought many significant changes to the Czech legal system. Among them is also the anchoring of the new legal regulation of remote work, the legal regulation of which has been very austere until now. The aim of this Diploma thesis is to analyse the legal regulation of remote work with a focus on the transposition amendment. This analysis is intended to enable the evaluation of both the various forms of the amendment during its preparation, as well as the final wording of the provisions in the Labor Code that relate to remote work. In the first part, the Diploma thesis is devoted on definition of remote work as one of the atypical forms of employment, looking at its definition, as well as its relation to related concepts and its historical development. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the legal regulation at the international and EU level, when the expiry of the deadline for the mandatory transposition of the WLB directive was one of the main impulses for the adoption of the new legal regulation. In following chapters, the thesis also elaborates on national regulation. It first describes the relationship of remote work to the fundamental rights enshrined in the Chapter of Fundamental Rights...
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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient after Transfemoral Amputation
Chrz, Michal ; Maršáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
vi Abstract Author: Michal Chrz Supervisor: Mgr. Kateřina Maršáková Title: Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient after Transfemoral Amputation Objectives: The work aims to summarize the theoretical knowledge of amputation issues and their therapeutical solutions, to utilize, document and evaluate these within the case study of physiotherapeutic care for a patient after unilateral transfemoral amputation. Methods: This study comprises two parts. The first part provides a theoretical overview of amputation issues and their therapeutic solutions, focusing on postoperative care within physiotherapy and prosthetics. The second part presents a case study of a 3-week physiotherapeutic intervention for a patient after right-sided transfemoral amputation, including postoperative complications (MRSA, Covid 19). The case study took place approximately 5 months after the amputation and includes the patient's history, initial examination, rehabilitation plan, 13 therapeutic sessions, final evaluation, and the therapy evaluation. Results: The most significant results of the physiotherapeutic intervention were desensitization and coning of the stump, its alignment; increase in range of motion and strength of both hip joints, particularly into extension; qualitative and quantitative improvements in standing...
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Case report of Physiotherapeutic care of a Patient after transfemoral amputation
Peleška, Ondřej ; Kočí, Gabriela (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
I Abstract Author: Ondřej Peleška Title: Case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after transfemoral amputation Objectives: To provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of amputation in the lower limb region with a focus on transfemoral amputation. To present the current surgical procedures, rehabilitation methods, psychological aspects and prosthetic solutions, and then to develop a case report of physiotherapy care of a patient after transfemoral amputation. Methods: The theoretical part of this bachelor's thesis was elaborated with the help of scientific literature and scientific articles available mainly online. At the same time, services based on the use of artificial intelligence were used, namely Evidence Hunt, Microsoft Copilot for Institutions, Connected Papers and DeepL. The special part of this thesis was prepared using practical skills within the scope of the bachelor's degree in physiotherapy during my continuous professional placement in the medical facility of Nemocnice Na Homolce. Results: The physiotherapeutic intervention led to an improvement in the patient's physical and psychological condition and subsequently to her discharge to her home environment. Conclusion: The goals of the short-term physiotherapy plan were successfully achieved. Keywords: amputation, transfemoral...
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