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Childhood and toys in ancient Egypt
Wollnerová, Dorotea ; Krejčí, Jaromír (advisor) ; Bareš, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to record and evaluate archeological, written and iconographic evidence that may be used for the study of toys of ancient Egypt. Chronologically, the thesis focuses on the times from the Archaic to the Roman Period. Based on the evidence, the author attempts to reinterpret the findings that are traditionally, in Egyptologic literature, considered to be related to play and games. She also strives for detailed understanding of the context in which games were played as well as identifying the position of children within this context. The thesis discusses general problems with conserving and interpreting such kinds of evidence in archeological materials.
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Development of Play of 2-4years old Children in a Kindergarten
Masnerová, Lucie ; Hejlová, Helena (referee) ; Opravilová, Eva (referee)
Doctoral thesis in its theoretical and practical parts focuses on the free play of children in a kindergarten and its development in a group of 2,5 - 4 years old children. The theoretical part provides a deeper understanding of play, especially with 2 - 4 years old children, and lays a foundation for the research. The practical part, based on two observations (in the span of one year and half a year) of free play of two homogenous groups of children, monitors the development of play and finds out, how the quality of play changes with individuals as well as the group. This part follows the process of incorporation of the child into the play group, influence of gender of the child on the choice of a toy. Then it focuses on the course of pretend and role plays of 2,5 - 4 years old children. It monitors which themes of plays and which roles children choose and how active children are in the play with the children of similar age. The main method of the research is observation. The conclusion from the outcome of the research shows importance of free play for a preschool child and the changes in its course and confirms the influence of free play in the process of early secondary socialization. It discusses also possible practical use of the observations for further work of a kindergarten teacher. Key...
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Games of preschool girls and boys
Matoušková, Klára ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Gender differences between children take an important part in the process of creating their future concept of identity. It is important that people who care about children wouldn't restrict children because of following common gender stereotypes. Many differences between men and women are based on social rules so they are not naturally created. The aim of my work is to determine whether pre - school children are already so clear-cut in gender that it will affect the selection of toys and play or not. Based on developmental theories can be expected that preschoolers have already built the basic gender identity, but they still would be seen as partially changeable. To achieve the goals I used individual interview method with the children and their subsequent structured observations during their free play. Major outcome of my research is that preschool children in the most cases have the same idea like adults about what the girls and boys prefer. Observation of the free play shows that girls are not that strongly decided in gender questions as boys are.
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Games and Toys as Chemistry Teaching Aids
Dubská, Martina ; Holada, Karel (advisor) ; Liška, František (referee)
The thesis is devoted to the study of one of the methods of activation - the game. During the game, the students are involved actively, they are motivated and creative. The main aim is to explore the advantages of the introduction of gaming activities in the teaching of chemistry, as well as the overall topic of gaming activities, the conditions for these activities in chemistry teaching and suggestions for their implementation in education. The part of the thesis is complex of 11 precific games and toys, which are prepared for teaching chemistry at the primary and high schools and universities uncommonly. This file contains the rules, methodological instructions, time allocation, and everything needed for the teaching of games. The practical part will also find a list of many previously published and unpublished games and toys, which can serve as inspiration for teachers of chemistry. Making an inquiry carried out in two elementary schools to confirm the presumption that the study results achieved through gaming activities, are more satisfactory than the results, in which gaming activities were not used.
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Toy as a Sociocultural Phenomenon in Television Advertisement (Media Construction of the Product)
Kyselá, Daniela ; Kladný, Tomáš (advisor) ; Řehořová, Irena (referee)
The master thesis focuses on the topic of the media construction "toy as a product" in the television commercials. The main reasons for choosing this topic is mapping of means of media construction of a toy in television commercials, defining semantic structures which the toy is situated in and identify concrete meanings that are usually linked to the toy in commercials. The field of investigation interest was defined in the theoretical part and was situated into a narrower connection in the context of this work. Both the role of a toy in society and its interpretation within culture, ideology and advertisement are defined. We work on the findings in the theoretical part where we identify dominant semantic frameworks which the toy is put into, based on the cultural-semiotic analysis of the contents of television commercials. We also try to discover whether the "toy as a product" in commercials is represented as a socially integrating means. Further we survey whether the television commercials represent "toy as a product" as a pro-family means and what communicative strategies the commercials mostly use for that. All these findings help us to reveal this problematic of media construction "toy as a product" and its socio-cultural dimension.
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Toy as a visual form
Vojteková, Markéta ; Novotná, Magdalena (advisor) ; Raudenský, Martin (referee)
1 ABSTRACT A toy is a method in encultury. The deals with a toy in context of contemporary visual culture like a product of culture industries. It solves how the specific toys could manipulate children's perception. It examines types and basic principles of children's games in relation to toys. In case study it examines a proces of children's game for two children in a home environment in relation to specific toys. It documents and characterizes the toys which are available for children and a way how a children plays with them. It observes, records, analyzes and reflects children's game and tracks constants and a transformations of ideas, concepts and skills which are entering gaming proces. Following a research probe, it suggest a set of art activities. KEYWORDS Child, formation, game, toy, observe, advertisement, visual, visual culture
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Free play of 2-4year old children in a foreign-language kindergarten
Masnerová, Lucie ; Koťátková, Soňa (advisor) ; Opravilová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis in its theoretical and practical parts focuses on free play of children in pre-school facilities. Kindergarten is the place of early secondary socialization of the child and that's why one part of the diploma thesis is centred on this theme. The theoretical part helps for a deeper understanding of play, especially with 2-4 year old children and builds a foundation for the research. The practical part, based on one year's observation, monitors development of free play of a homogeneous group of children and finds how the quality of play changes with individuals as well as the group. Another focus lies on comparing two separate groups of children in their free play - one group having long term experience with free play and one without such regular experience. The main method of the research is observation. The results of the research points to the importance of free play for a pre-school age child and confirms the influence of free play in the process of early secondary socialization.
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Jigsaw puzzle
Fasorová, Aneta ; Spáčilová Blažková, Kateřina (referee) ; Vaněk, Vojtěch (advisor)
The Jigsaw puzzle project deals with the design and implementation of a prototype of multi-purpose clothing and accessories made from recycled textiles. The individual parts of the puzzle can be combined or assembled according to the enclosed manual into a specific form.
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